Introduction to the practice of statistics, (3rd edition), by David S. Moore and George P. McCabe. Pp. 825 (with appendices and CD-ROM). £27.95. 1999. ISBN 0 7167 3502 4 (W. H. Freeman).

Radiant Textuality: Literature after the World Wide Web

which appear boldly and effectively in this restricted compass. It is still more notable that the poet's anger_is most likely connected with love, as irvpl <j>Xe'yofiai (i.4) would suggest. (The phrase is different from ^Ac'yo/xai: I agree with L. C. Watson, Arae [1991], 262.) The poem thus belongs to an increasing number of finds from or related to Hellenistic elegy which show what seems a combination of ostensibly personal poetry about love with a series of mythological exempla (P. Oxy. 3723; SH 964). We seem even in this case to be dealing with something less massive than the Lyde or the Leontion; and in these papyrus works, at least, the amatory situation was probably a significant subject of the poetry (note here IXVTJCOVTCU doiSai'...cuc TC nvpl <f>Xeyoixai). The connections with Roman elegy are intriguing. Our poet is palpably conscious of the discords and disparities in the material and the types of poetry he brings together. We should not think of these poems as love-elegy at a more primitive stage in its evolution towards 'subjectivity'. Rather we should observe, in elegy, teasing treatment of professedly personal poetry which offers an interesting parallel to the related but different audacities developed by individual Roman poets. The genre itself is particularly important there: Roman elegists affect a compelling delimitation of elegy, but proceed to play with and break out of those limits. H. ascribes this piece to Hermesianax, on the basis of Paus. 7.18.2. One sees the attraction; but his attempt to reduce the interval in style from Hermes, fr. 7 Powell seems fairly forced. Some slight points on the first column. 8: very difficult, -oc j€ prevents a third-foot caesura; a connective T« with dc would produce a very weak clause. It might be worth remembering that OCT€, unlike oc -re, could be postponed (SH 974.1, cf. Hermes, fr. 7.35 Powell); and that the corruption in the couplet might be more complicated or extensive than the omission of one complete line. 10: H. assumes that x°^9\" iS 'he antecedent of dc; it is much more likely Zeus, so that A toe 8eic]ac is to be preferred. SeiAsuits sinners better than war. 18: one would expect the sense to be rather as in e.g. dAA' dAioV ot] e#ij/ce /Se'Aoc (cf. [Theocr.J 25.236, 239, eToicioc, dyejioiAioc; spacing, and word-end, would be acceptable). 19: ^eiSo/xcu seems a curious verb to use of Athene in relation to Heracles (PMG 933 is of course different); and fxeydXwc would then seem a curious adverb for it.

Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature. L. D. Reynolds , N. G. Wilson

Hayton of Korykos and La Flor des Estoires: Cilician Armenian Mediation in Crusader-Mongol Politics, c.1250-1350

This paper provides a gentle introduction to problem-solving with the IDP3 system. The core of IDP3 is a finite model generator that supports first-order logic enriched with types, inductive definitions, aggregates and partial functions. It offers its users a modeling language that is a slight extension of predicate logic and allows them to solve a wide range of search problems. Apart from a small introductory example, applications are selected from problems that arose within machine learning and data mining research. These research areas have recently shown a strong interest in declarative modeling and constraint-solving as opposed to algorithmic approaches. The paper illustrates that the IDP3 system can be a valuable tool for researchers with such an interest. The first problem is in the domain of stemmatology, a domain of philology concerned with the relationship between surviving variant versions of text. The second problem is about a somewhat related problem within biology where phylogenetic trees are used to represent the evolution of species. The third and final problem concerns the classical problem of learning a minimal automaton consistent with a given set of strings. For this last problem, we show that the performance of our solution comes very close to that of the state-of-the art solution. For each of these applications, we analyze the problem, illustrate the development of a logic-based model and explore how alternatives can affect the performance.

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Predicate logic as a modeling language: modeling and solving some machine learning and data mining problems with IDP3

The present volume “Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces” is the follow-up publication of the same-titled symposium that was held in 2016 at the University of Graz and the twelfth volume of the publication series of the Institute for Documentology and Scholarly Editing (IDE). It is the result of a successful collaboration between members of the Centre for Information Modelling at the University of Graz, the Digital Scholarly Editions Initial Training Network DiXiT, a EC Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action, and the IDE. All articles have undergone a peer reviewing process and are published in Open Access. They document the current state of research on design, application and implications of both user and machine interfaces in the context of digital scholarly editions.
The editors of the volume are grateful to the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions for enabling not only the symposium in 2016 but also the publication of the present volume with their financial support. Special thanks are also due to the staff of the Centre for Information Modelling, above all Georg Vogeler, who contributed to the successful organisation and completion of the symposium and this volume with their ideas and continuous support. Furthermore we want to thank all authors as well as all peer reviewers for the professional cooperation during the publication process. Last but not least we want to thank the many people involved in creating the present volume: Barbara Bollig (Trier) for language corrections and formal suggestions, Bernhard Assmann and Patrick Sahle (Cologne) for support and advises during the typese ing process, Selina Galka (Graz) for verifying and archiving (archive.org) all referenced URLs in January 2018, Julia Sorouri (Cologne) for the design of the cover as well as the artist Franz Konrad (Graz), who provided his painting “Desktop” (www.franzkonrad.com/gallery/desktop-2008-2010/) as cover image.
We hope you enjoy reading and get as much intrigued by the topic “Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces” as we did.

Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces

The Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa is the primary Armenian-language historical source for the eleventh and early twelfth centuries. Matthew was a monk who lived in the ethnically mixed city of Edessa; within his Chronicle, he describes the apogee of independent Armenia, its fall to piecemeal Byzantine annexation, the subsequent loss of Byzantium's eastern territory to the newcomer Saljuq Turks, and the sectarian tension that accompanied the First Crusade. This thesis sets out the methodology adopted for the construction of a critical edition of the text, addresses the approach that Matthew took to the composition of the Chronicle, and gives the edited text of the prophecies attributed to Yovhannēs Kozeṙn and the author's prologues to Books Two and Three of the Chronicle. Chapters 2 and 3 comprise a review of the scholarship to date on the Chronicle, and a discussion of the approach taken to a critical edition of the text. The Chronicle survives in a large number of relatively recently copied manuscripts; it was therefore necessary to devise an approach to text collation and editing that takes full advantage of recent advances in computational methods of philology. I have developed a set of software tools to assist in the task of editing the Chronicle; these tools are useful for the creation of text editions in any language that can be represented through the TEI XML standard. Chapters 4–8 give an examination of the overall framework of Matthew’s Chronicle, and of his interpretation of recent history within that framework. Following a long tradition of the use of prophecy to explain Armenian history, Matthew uses two prophecies attributed to the eleventh-century clerical scholar Yovhannēs Kozeṙn, themselves extended in the twelfth century under the influence of the Apocalypse attributed to Methodius, to frame his argument that both the Byzantine emperors and the Armenian kings had abandoned their responsibility toward the Armenian people. His attitude toward recent history, and particularly toward the Latins of Outremer, may be used to demonstrate that he wrote the Chronicle no later than 1137.

Prolegomena to a critical edition of the Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa, with a discussion of computer-aided methods used to edit the text

The past three decades have seen several waves of interest in developing crossovers between academic research and computing; molecular biology is often cited as the prime exemplar of ‘what computation can do for a field’. The humanities and social sciences have also been the terrain of such interactions,at times through bottom-up collaborations, and at times through concerted policy-driven efforts (Wouters and Beaulieu 2006). The main developments vary across national contexts and disciplines. In our local context (in the Netherlands), we can roughly identify the following waves: the ‘history and computing’ and ‘literature and computing’ efforts of the 1970s and 1980s;the collaboratory and infrastructure discussions of the last decade; the current efforts at developing computational humanities, and recent emphasis on virtual research environments (VREs) of which Alfalab1 can be regarded as an example.

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Cultures of Formalization: Towards an encounter between humanities and computing

The role of human philological judgement in textual criticism, and particularly in stemmatics, has been at times hotly debated and in computational stemmatology tends to be carefully circumscribed. In this context philological judgement is deployed to distinguish ‘significant’ from ‘insignificant’ textual variation—that is, to select those variants that are more or less likely to betray information about the exemplar from which a given text was copied. This article reports on an experiment performed to assess the accuracy of human philological judgement on a set of three artificial traditions, using tools for stemma analysis developed for a prior project and available to the public as the Stemmaweb online service. We show that for most of the artificial traditions, human judgement was not significantly better than random selection for choosing the variant readings that fit the stemma in a text-genealogical pattern, and we discuss some of the implications of these findings.

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Analysis of Variation Significance in Artificial Traditions Using Stemmaweb

Data mining tasks and algorithms are often categorized as belonging to one of a few specific types: clustering, association rule discovery, probabilistic modeling, etc. For some time now, it has been recognized that concrete tasks do not always fit nicely in this categorization. The concepts of constraint-based data mining and inductive querying have been proposed to alleviate this problem; they offer more flexibility with respect to specifying the task. In this paper, we illustrate an approach that goes one step further: we show how a general-purpose declarative modeling language can be used to specify and solve data mining tasks in the area of philology. These tasks have the following properties: they are easily described in words; they are of real interest to philologists; they cannot be performed using standard querying or data mining systems; manually programming a solution for them is challenging, time-consuming and error-prone. We show that a prototype declarative programming framework, IDP, allows for easy modeling and efficient solving of these tasks. We conclude from this case study that the declarative modeling approach to data mining has a large potential and deserves further investigation.

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Tara Lee Andrews

Papers

Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces

Prolegomena to a critical edition of the Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa, with a discussion of computer-aided methods used to edit the text

Cultures of Formalization: Towards an encounter between humanities and computing

Analysis of Variation Significance in Artificial Traditions Using Stemmaweb

Analyzing manuscript traditions using constraint-based data mining