Tatiana Canuto Silva

Bio: Tatiana Canuto Silva is an academic researcher from Universidade Federal de Sergipe. The author has contributed to research in topics: Agriculture & Agricultural productivity. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 4 publications receiving 11 citations.

Food and nutritional security of semi-arid farm families benefiting from rainwater collection equipment in Brazil.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to identify and describe the experience of family farmers and their respective families after using the Boardwalk Cistern rainwater collection system and consequent impacts on nutrition profile and food security. This is a qualitative-quantitative study conducted in two municipalities in the semi-arid region of the state of Alagoas, northeastern Brazil. A structured questionnaire was applied to collect information on demographic and socioeconomic status and household access to food, based on the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale of 29 family farmers' households. Food intake was assessed by food intake markers of the Ministry of Health, while nutritional status was determined by measuring the weight and height of all family members and waist circumference of adults. Nutrition diagnosis was performed using the cutoff points of body mass index for age. Three focus groups were conducted, and the information collected was analyzed through Content Analysis with the aim of knowing the participants' perception of the effects of the received water equipment. The study showed a high prevalence of excess weight (52.7%) and high risk for cardiovascular diseases (35.9%) marked by a high salt and sugar in the food intake. Food Insecurity Scale showed that food insecurity is a problem occurring in 75% of these families. However, focus groups showed that families have a positive perception of Boardwalk Cisterns for their food security. They believe that agricultural production has improved, thereby offering a wider range of foods and, consequently, improving food security. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of water access programs for food production within public policies to guarantee FNS.

Avaliação da situação de insegurança alimentar em uma comunidade quilombola de Sergipe

Abstract: Mesmo com avancos significativos em relacao a politicas e programas no combate a miseria e a fome, Comunidades Remanescentes de Quilombo perpassam por disparidades envolvendo o Direito a alimentacao, concretizando um desafio atingir parcelas mais vulneraveis da populacao. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a prevalencia de Inseguranca Alimentar intradomiciliar em domicilios de uma comunidade quilombola de um municipio da Grande Aracaju-SE e seus aspectos associados. Com um total de 26 domicilios, totalizaram-se informacoes de 88 moradores em relacao ao perfil socioeconomico, a inseguranca alimentar intradomiciliar, ao acesso a programas sociais, entre outros. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente, a partir de frequencias relativas e medidas de tendencia central. Foi aplicado o teste de Qui-Quadrado nas associacoes entre inseguranca alimentar e outras variaveis. A prevalencia de Inseguranca Alimentar Moderada ou Grave (IAMG) encontrada foi de 52,2%, tambem foram encontradas associacoes significativas entre a situacao de IAMG com variaveis de acesso a servicos de saude e saneamento basico. Conclui-se que a prevalencia de inseguranca alimentar na comunidade e bastante elevada, estando associada a condicoes precarias de saneamento basico, acesso deficiente a servicos de saude e a politicas publicas, revelando condicao de vulnerabilidade referente a garantia de seguranca alimentar e nutricional e do direito humano a alimentacao adequada.

Mercado de trabalho do nutricionista: 80 anos de história

Abstract: Objective To analyze the increase in the number of nutritionists and the aspects of the job market in the last decade. Methods Critical test based on literature review and official data provided by nutrition councils and other entities. Results There was an average yearly increase of 8,248 nutritionists in the period from 2010 to 2017, having the largest contingent of professionals concentrated in the Brazilian Southeast region. In 2017 there were 126,539 nutritionists registered in the country’s ten regional councils, practically twice as much as in 2009 (60,554 nutritionists). Even though the last nationwide research on the profile of nutritionists was performed in 2006, the production of local studies showed that more than half of the professionals voluntarily continued their education after graduating. In 2018 the Federal Council of Nutritionists updated the areas of work with details divided in subareas, segments and subsegments. Public spaces for food security, primary health care and sports nutrition are examples of new fields for the nutritionist. In the period of analysis there was an increase of 58.9% of the wage floor, however, still below the national average and other health professionals, and with longer working hours. The current wage floor for nutritionists is R$2,558.05. Conclusion In addition to the increase in the number of professionals, there were adjustments in specific labor legislation, as well as geographical repositioning, diversification and expansion of the job market. It is necessary to move ahead, mainly in what concerns a more extended and holistic understanding of the profession.

Capacidade instalada para o fortalecimento do Sistema de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional em Sergipe

Abstract: Estudo transversal realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a capacidade instalada para o fortalecimento do Sistema de Seguranca Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisan) em cinco municipios do estado de Sergipe, por meio de coleta de dados direta e pesquisa documental. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos para coleta de dados: check list sobre o Sistema Nacional de Seguranca Alimentar e Nutricional, proposto pela gestao nacional, e uma matriz de indicadores de Seguranca Alimentar e Nutricional (Sisan), proposta pela Universidade Federal da Bahia, ambos adaptados a realidade do estado de Sergipe. Os resultados mostraram a fragil capacidade instalada para o sistema nos municipios que ja o tem implantado; a necessidade de maior interesse dos gestores pela adesao ao sistema, nos territorios que ainda nao o aderiram, e pelas acoes de SAN em suas respectivas localidades; necessidade de fortalecer a participacao da sociedade civil na luta para a efetivacao destas politicas. Os resultados retrataram tambem o risco de Inseguranca Alimentar em todos os municipios estudados, reforcando a necessidade do Sistema. Ressalta-se a relevância de fortalecer o Sisan nos municipios que ja o aderiram, e implantar naqueles que ainda nao aderiram, considerando que sera exequivel o monitoramento das acoes e programas de SAN.

Drought in Northeast Brazil: A review of agricultural and policy adaptation options for food security

Abstract: The semiarid lands of Northeast Brazil represent one of the most densely populated regions of the country. Rainfall variability together with land degradation and large-scale poverty in rural areas makes this region vulnerable to droughts. Most of the agriculture in this region is rainfed and deficient rainfall leads to severe drought impacts. In this review, we examine different short- and long-term strategies directed to cope with possible impacts of droughts proposed by the government, farmers, civil society, and the private sector. These are approaches to adaptation to drought in the Northeast of Brazil, and among them, we have agricultural management and soil conservation and better management of water resources. Other actions include seasonal climate forecasts and funds transfer and credits to affected small-scale farmers. Although some of these actions are for the short term and may help to survive the drought situation, they may be only postdisaster mitigation options that do not improve adaptive capacity. They favor maladaptation and create dependency of farmers to government actions. Some experiences such as AdaptaSertao show potential benefits for small-scale farmers. We identify key challenges for moving toward a more holistic risk management approach and highlight the need to integrate actions and tools for adaptation, combining technology-based solutions with in-depth knowledge of local and regional social, economic, and cultural aspects, among them seasonal climate forecasts and drought impacts studies, among some other proactive predisaster ways, rather than reactive postdisaster actions. Adaptation strategies must increase long-term resilience of food production in the Brazilian Northeast, going beyond an individual drought event.

Accumulation of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in a saline soil in responding to a consortium of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

Abstract: Salt stress reduces plant growth and is now becoming one of the most important factors restricting the agricultural productivity. Inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been shown to confer plant tolerance against abiotic stress, but the detailed mechanisms of how this occurs remain unclear and the application effects in different reports are unstable. In order to obtain a favorite effect of PGPR inoculation and improve our knowledge about the related mechanism, we performed this study to analyze the mechanism of a PGPR consortium on improving the salt resistance of crops. A region-specific (Saline land around Bohai Sea in China) PGPR consortium was selected that contains three strains (Pseudomonas sp. P8, Peribacillus sp. P10, and Streptomyces sp. X52) isolated from rhizosphere of Sonchus brachyotus DC. grown in a saline soil. By inoculation tests, their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits and ability to improve the salt resistance of maize were investigated and shifting in rhizosphere bacterial community of the inoculated plants was analyzed using the high-throughput sequencing technology. The three selected strains were salt tolerant, presented several growth promoting properties, and inhibited several phytopathogenic fungi. The inoculation of this consortium promoted the growth of maize plant and enriched the beneficial bacteria in rhizosphere of maize in a saline soil, including the nitrogen fixing bacteria Azotobacter, Sinorhizobium, and Devosia, and the nitrification bacteria Candidatus Nitrososphaera, and Nitrosovibrio. The bacterial consortium P8/P10/X52 could improve plant growth in a saline soil by both their PGP traits and regulating the rhizosphere bacterial community. The findings provided novel information about how the PGPR helped the plants in the view of microbiome.

Emenda Constitucional Nº 63, De 4 de Fevereiro de 2010

Abstract: Altera o § 5o do art. 198 da Constituicao Federal para dispor sobre piso salarial profissional nacional e diretrizes para os Planos de Carreira de agentes comunitarios de saude e de agentes de combate as endemias. As Mesas da Câmara dos Deputados e do Senado Federal, nos termos do art. 60 da Constituicao Federal, promulgam a seguinte Emenda ao texto constitucional: Art. 1o O § 5o do art. 198 da Constituicao Federal passa a vigorar com a seguinte redacao: