The question \"what causes alignment?\" is a central issue in debates on American foreign policy, and the choices that are made often turn on which hypotheses of alliance formation are endorsed. In general, those who believe that American security is fragile most often assume that Soviet allies are reliable and America's are prone to defect, while those who believe it is robust tend to view American allies as stronger and more reliable than those of the U.S.S.R. These divergent beliefs clash over a variety of specific issues. For example, should the U.S. increase its commitment to NATO, to prevent the growth of Soviet military power from leading to the \"Finlandization\" of Europe? Alternatively, should the U.S. do less in the expectation that its allies will do more? Should the U.S. oppose leftist regimes in the developing world because their domestic ideology will lead them to ally with the Soviet Union, or can a policy of accommodating radical nationalist regimes lead to good relations with them? Can Soviet or American military aid create reliable proxies in the Third World? Is it worth the effort and expense? Each of these questions carries important implications for American national security policy, and the answers ultimately turn upon which hypotheses of alliance formation are believed to be most valid. Despite the obvious importance of understanding how states select their partners, most scholarly research on alliances has ignored or obscured these questions.' This article is intended to, correct these omissions by outlining

Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power

Part I. The Universe of Transitional Justice: 1. Athens in 411 and 403 BC. 2. The French restorations in 1814 and 1815 3. The larger universe of cases Part II. Analytics of Transitional Justice: 4. The structure of transitional justice 5. Wrongdoers 6. Victims 7. Constraints 8. Emotions 9. Politics.

https://assets.cambridge.org/97805218/39693/frontmatter/9780521839693_frontmatter.pdf

Closing the Books: Transitional Justice in Historical Perspective

List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Acknowledgments xiii Chapter 1. Disjointed Pluralism and Institutional Change 3 Chapter 2. Institutional Development, 1890-1910: An Experiment in Party Government 27 Chapter 3. Institutional Development, 1919-1932: Cross-Party Coalitions, Bloc Government, and Republican Rule 85 Chapter 4. Institutional Development, 1937-1952: The Conservative Coalition, Congress against the Executive, and Committee Government 136 Chapter 5. Institutional Development, 1970-1989: A Return to Party Government or the Triumph of Individualism? 189 Chapter 6. Understanding Congressional Change 249 Epilogue. Institutional Change in the 1990s 270 Appendix A. Case Selection 277 Appendix B. Votes Pertaining to Institutional Changes in Each Period 281 Notes 295 References 329 Index 349

Disjointed Pluralism: Institutional Innovation and the Development of the U.S. Congress

Close relatives and friends are dead or missing. Homes lie in ruins. Property has been destroyed. With everybody experiencing trouble, severe privations and physical suffering, it is still something altogether different whether one retains a home and household goods or has been ruined by bombs; whether he sustained his suffering and losses in combat at the front, at home, or in a concentration camp; whether he was a hunted.., victim or one of those who, even though in fear, profited by the regime .... Men have come to the limits of humanity and returned home, unable to forget what really was .... The suffering differs in kind, and most people have sense only for their

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Violence and Social Repair: Rethinking the Contribution of Justice to Reconciliation

1. Introduction 2. Fear, interest and honor 3. The spirit and its expression 4. The ancient world 5. Medieval Europe 6. From Sun King to Revolution 7. Imperialism and World War I 8. World War II 9. Hitler to Bush and beyond 10. General findings and conclusions.

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A Cultural Theory of International Relations

A history of the Nuremberg war-crimes trials by one of the key participants, Telford Taylor, the distinguished American lawyer who was a member of the prosecution staff and eventually became chief counsel. His legal expertise is complemented by an intimate knowledge of what took place outside the courtroom before and during the trials, which began in November 1945. Taylor reveals details of fierce infighting and personal vendettas among the Allied representatives; the prosecutors brilliance and their astonishing blunders; the judges private observations on the daily proceedings; and the negotiations that preceded the sentencing. This book makes clear the magnitude of the clashes that took place between those determined to secure justice and those bent solely on retribution. No less riveting are the author's portrayals of Goering, Hess, Ribbentrop and Speer as the trials progressed. What unfolded in the courtroom exposed the full horror of the acts that had been committed. The chamber was reduced to silence when an SS officer recounted impassively how his troops had rounded up and killed 90,000 Jews; panic overcame the head of the German State Bank as it became apparent that he had knowingly received jewels and other valuables taken from the bodies of concentration camp victims; and the judges departed visibly shaken by the first public showing of films depicting the concentration camps and their inmates as they were when liberated. Taylor also provides new details regarding Goering's suicide.

Telford Taylor

Papers

The anatomy of the Nuremberg trials : a personal memoir

The Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials

Munich: The Price of Peace

Final report to the Secretary of the Army on the Nuernberg War crimes trials under control council law no. 10

Nuremberg and Vietnam: An American Tragedy