Theo C. Pilkington

TL;DR: This paper presents a method for determining the potentials over the surface of a three-dimensional volume due to internal current sources that may be inhomogeneous and irregularly shaped.

TL;DR: There is a markedly uneven distribution of potential gradients for epicardial defibrillation electrodes with most of the voltage drop occurring near the electrodes, the potential gradient field is significant because it determines where shocks fail to halt fibrillation, and determination of the possible gradient field should lead to the development of improved electrode locations fordefibrillation.

TL;DR: Transmembrane potential changes at the ends of isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes during defibrillation-strength shocks given in the cellular refractory period are large enough to produce activation or recovery of voltage-dependent ion channels and may produce the effects responsible fordefibrillation.

TL;DR: This study examines the distribution of the transmembrane potential in the periodic strand of cardiac muscle established by configurations of sources similar to those arising during extracellular stimulation and defibrillation, during intracellular stimulation, and during propagation of action potential to suggest the mechanism of propagation in discrete structures may be similar to that of the continuous fiber.

TL;DR: Comparing the effects of the lungs, spine, sternum, and the anisotropic skeletal muscle layer on the relationship between torso and epicardial potentials indicates whether including the thoracic inhomogeneities improves attainable accuracy in calculations relating torso potentials to epicardials.