Author
Thomas Kvan
Other affiliations: University of Sydney, University of Hong Kong
Bio: Thomas Kvan is an academic researcher from University of Melbourne. The author has contributed to research in topics: Design studio & Cultural heritage. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 86 publications receiving 1977 citations. Previous affiliations of Thomas Kvan include University of Sydney & University of Hong Kong.
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01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The results indicate that problem framing activities are significantly different in an online remote setting as compared to the two other settings and it appears that a chat line-based remote setting does not only facilitate a greater proportion of framing activities, particularly high level framing, but also shows more richly interlinked design activities.
Abstract: of the thesis entitled A comparative study of problem framing in multiple settings Submitted by Gao Song for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in December 2005 Problem framing is an essential element of the design process because it is an important design activity in solving design problems It is the first part of a cyclical design process which involves “framing”, “moving”, and “reflecting” Framing activities can be considered as a typical cognitive design process involving several levels As an essential design activity, framing can be considered an indicator to trace whether digital media changes the way designers engage in their work Teamwork protocol analysis is adopted as the research method in this study Three design settings are set up for the comparison: online remote setting, online co-located setting, and paper-based co-located setting Eighteen pairs of postgraduate students from the Department of Architecture in the University of Hong Kong are equally assigned into these three settings To encode design protocols, two coding schema are utilized One is Schon’s design model to isolate framing activities, and the other is Minsky’s frame system to classify these framing activities into four types A linkographic study is employed to structure design communication The results indicate that problem framing activities are significantly different in an online remote setting as compared to the two other settings It appears that a chat line-based remote setting does not only facilitate a greater proportion of framing activities, particularly high level framing, but also shows more richly interlinked design activities A comparative study of problem framing in multiple settings
23 citations
TL;DR: The authors provide an evidence-based platform for further discussion about the opportunities and challenges surrounding the use and practice of ILEs in New Zealand schools, using data from a large Australasian research project, triangulating principals' opinions, teachers' perspectives, and the literature on some key preliminary issues.
Abstract: Driven by international trends and government policy, it is a requirement for all newly built schools in New Zealand to be designed as innovative learning environments (ILEs) with flexible learning spaces. These environments, celebrated by some for the “transformational” educational opportunities they may provide, also raise questions about whether the anticipated pedagogical value of these “non-traditional” spaces is based on idealised visions of teaching and learning rather than empirically derived evidence. Before such complex issues can be efficiently addressed, evidence of the actual “state of play” of ILEs is required. Drawing on New Zealand specific data from a large Australasian research project, this paper triangulates principals’ opinions, teachers’ perspectives, and the literature on some key preliminary issues: what types of learning spaces can be found in New Zealand schools; what teaching styles are evident in these spaces; what pedagogical beliefs are driving ILE teaching practices; and what types of learning activities are occurring in ILEs? The paper provides an evidence based platform for further discussion about the opportunities and challenges surrounding the use and practice of ILEs in New Zealand.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the meaning of capability is defined in terms of a normative framework for the evaluation of well-being known as the capability approach, which serves as the informational basis for the assessment of government policy and practices toward participatory design.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, students move fluidly back and forth from digital to physical using digital tools in unorthodox ways by merging a range of digital and physical media, enriched by different perceptions, comprehensions and conceptions of spatial volumes within both physical and virtual environments.
Abstract: By merging a range of digital and physical media, the architectural design process is enriched by different perceptions, comprehensions and conceptions of spatial volumes within both physical and virtual environments. The use of digital media often confines the design process to only the digital realm; in this class, students moved fluidly back and forth from digital to physical using digital tools in unorthodox ways. These different media transformed the design process from a tangible portrayal of architectural design to a virtual portrayal, and vice versa. With this interchanging and crossing over of design environments from reality to virtuality the limits of each one are dismantled, both realms can be brought together in an overall process that led to alternative form findings and resulting designs. This work lies in the tradition of artists who push media to explore new interpretations both of the media themselves and of their artwork.
18 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a collection of qualified narrative methods for the human sciences that has actually been composed by the authors themselves, which can be used as an excellent source for reading.
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2,657 citations
TL;DR: Polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM and their design, additives, and processing parameters as they relate to enhancing build speed and improving accuracy, functionality, surface finish, stability, mechanical properties, and porosity are addressed.
Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) alias 3D printing translates computer-aided design (CAD) virtual 3D models into physical objects. By digital slicing of CAD, 3D scan, or tomography data, AM builds objects layer by layer without the need for molds or machining. AM enables decentralized fabrication of customized objects on demand by exploiting digital information storage and retrieval via the Internet. The ongoing transition from rapid prototyping to rapid manufacturing prompts new challenges for mechanical engineers and materials scientists alike. Because polymers are by far the most utilized class of materials for AM, this Review focuses on polymer processing and the development of polymers and advanced polymer systems specifically for AM. AM techniques covered include vat photopolymerization (stereolithography), powder bed fusion (SLS), material and binder jetting (inkjet and aerosol 3D printing), sheet lamination (LOM), extrusion (FDM, 3D dispensing, 3D fiber deposition, and 3D plotting), and 3D bioprinting....
2,136 citations
TL;DR: Additive manufacturing processes take the information from a computer-aided design (CAD) file that is later converted to a stereolithography (STL) file as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Additive manufacturing processes take the information from a computer-aided design (CAD) file that is later converted to a stereolithography (STL) file. In this process, the drawing made in the CAD software is approximated by triangles and sliced containing the information of each layer that is going to be printed. There is a discussion of the relevant additive manufacturing processes and their applications. The aerospace industry employs them because of the possibility of manufacturing lighter structures to reduce weight. Additive manufacturing is transforming the practice of medicine and making work easier for architects. In 2004, the Society of Manufacturing Engineers did a classification of the various technologies and there are at least four additional significant technologies in 2012. Studies are reviewed which were about the strength of products made in additive manufacturing processes. However, there is still a lot of work and research to be accomplished before additive manufacturing technologies become standard in the manufacturing industry because not every commonly used manufacturing material can be handled. The accuracy needs improvement to eliminate the necessity of a finishing process. The continuous and increasing growth experienced since the early days and the successful results up to the present time allow for optimism that additive manufacturing has a significant place in the future of manufacturing.
1,777 citations