Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

How has Japan become a major economic power, a world leader in the automotive and electronics industries? What is the secret of their success? The consensus has been that, though the Japanese are not particularly innovative, they are exceptionally skilful at imitation, at improving products that already exist. But now two leading Japanese business experts, Ikujiro Nonaka and Hiro Takeuchi, turn this conventional wisdom on its head: Japanese firms are successful, they contend, precisely because they are innovative, because they create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies. Examining case studies drawn from such firms as Honda, Canon, Matsushita, NEC, 3M, GE, and the U.S. Marines, this book reveals how Japanese companies translate tacit to explicit knowledge and use it to produce new processes, products, and services.

The knowledge-creating company : how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation

How we Think

Recommender Systems (RSs) are software tools and techniques providing suggestions for items to be of use to a user. In this introductory chapter we briefly discuss basic RS ideas and concepts. Our main goal is to delineate, in a coherent and structured way, the chapters included in this handbook and to help the reader navigate the extremely rich and detailed content that the handbook offers.

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Introduction to Recommender Systems Handbook

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Online communities – Designing Usability, Supporting Sociability

An increasing number of computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) software systems try to provide users with awareness information-information about the presence, activities, and availability of members of a community. However, most of these software systems are designed from a feature-oriented, rather than a human-oriented, point of view. In this article, a structured embedding of findings in social sciences is proposed. It reveals the variety of approaches in technology-driven CSCW developments featuring awareness, as well as the variety of empirical evidence in small-group research with respect to awareness. The authors have been looking at different aspects of awareness: the terminology used in both disciplines, the concepts that have been developed, and the different constructs that have evolved from empirical research. Finally, operational instances of awareness have been revisited. From these findings it can be concluded that awareness addresses different constellations of group settings, differen...

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User-Centered Awareness in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work-Systems: Structured Embedding of Findings from Social Sciences

Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2009

Significant progress has been made in awareness research in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work over the last 25 years. This survey addresses awareness and effortless coordination--that is, how a mutual understanding in distributed teams can be gained and maintained, while still keeping the team members' coordination efforts to a minimum. I characterise the origins of awareness and its ethnographically-informed and the technology-oriented roots, and discuss the notion of awareness. I review technical solutions for awareness support--both in applications as seen by users, and in base technology as seen by developers. Design tensions in awareness research and solutions are identified. A discussion contrasts awareness as seen from a users' activity and effort perspective versus awareness as seen from a systems' support and automation perspective.

Supporting Effortless Coordination: 25 Years of Awareness Research

The paper describes the idea of bringing awareness to nomadic users. Based on a discussion of different context models and approaches to model context, several scenarios for awareness in context-aware systems are presented. We describe the combination of a context aware guidance system and an awareness platform to enable awareness for nomadic users about other users that are either in a similar electronic of spatial context. This could enhance the communication and interaction facilities for nomadic users by localisation, user modelling and an awareness platform to monitor state and events of the electronic and the physical environment.

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Awareness in Context-Aware Information Systems

Users who work together require adequate information about their cooperative environment: about other group members' presence and activities, about shared artefacts, etc. In the CSCW literature several concepts, prototypes, and systems for providing this group awareness information have been presented. In general, they capture information from the environment, process it, and present it to the users. This paper addresses the processing aspect; in particular, we present a concept for processing awareness information by means of awareness contexts. With this concept we address the problem of contextualising event notifications enabling the presentation of notifications in the appropriate user situation. We describe a lightweight model and its integration into an event and notification infrastructure. We report on an empirical study, and draw some conclusions for the design of context-awareness for cooperative environments.

Tom Gross

Papers

User-Centered Awareness in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work-Systems: Structured Embedding of Findings from Social Sciences

Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2009

Supporting Effortless Coordination: 25 Years of Awareness Research

Awareness in Context-Aware Information Systems

Modelling Shared Contexts in Cooperative Environments: Concept, Implementation, and Evaluation