Author
Tom J. Mabry
Other affiliations: University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Minia University, Dicle University ...read more
Bio: Tom J. Mabry is an academic researcher from University of Texas at Austin. The author has contributed to research in topics: Kaempferol & Sesquiterpene lactone. The author has an hindex of 42, co-authored 459 publications receiving 13375 citations. Previous affiliations of Tom J. Mabry include University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign & Minia University.
Topics: Kaempferol, Sesquiterpene lactone, Germacranolide, Flavones, Hymenoxys
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the NMR spectra including signal assignments are presented for the trimethylsilyl ethers of five flavonoid glycosides; quercitrin, rutin, hesperidin, naringin and tectoridin.
42 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the NMR spectra of all flavonoids were recorded in both CCl 4 and benzene, and both methoxyl and trimethylsilyl groups at certain positions showed diagnostic benzene-induced resonance shifts.
41 citations
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01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the evolution of the Sieve-Element Plastids in the Caryophyllales and some of the relationships between these characters and those of the Families Sometimes Included in or Most Often Allied to the Order.
Abstract: Dedication to Arthur Cronquist.- 1 Nomenclatural and Taxonomic History.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Early History.- 1.3 Refinement of the Definition from Alexander Braun (1864) to the Present.- 1.4 Use of Characters Other Than Classical Morphology in Defining the Order.- 1.5 Inclusion or Exclusion of some Particular Families.- 1.6 Recent Developments.- 1.6.1 Families Now Generally Included in the Caryophyllales.- 1.6.2 Families Now Generally Excluded from the Caryophyllales, Although Sometimes Included by Past Authors.- 1.6.3 Summary of Our Present Knowledge of the Caryophyllales.- 1.6.4 Preferred Classification of Caryophyllales by Cronquist.- 1.6.5 Preferred Classification of Caryophyllales by Thorne.- 1.6.6 Relationships of the Caryophyllales.- References.- 2 Chromosome Numbers and Their Phyletic Interpretation.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Chromosome Numbers of Caryophyllales.- 2.3 Discussion and Conclusions.- References.- 3 Vascular Tissues.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Materials and Methods.- 3.3 Primary Vascular Systems.- 3.3.1 Procambial Differentiation in the Shoot.- 3.3.2 Sympodial Nature of Primary Shoot Vasculature.- 3.3.3 Differentiation Patterns of Bundles.- 3.3.3.1 Phytolacca dioica.- 3.3.3.2 Notable Variations in Other Centrosperms.- 3.3.4 Leaf Venation.- 3.4 Secondary Thickening.- 3.4.1 Occurrence of Normal and Anomalous Types.- 3.4.2 Nature of Anomalous Vascular Tissues.- 3.4.2.1 Bidirectionally-Dividing Supernumerary Cambium.- 3.4.2.2 Initiation and Progression of Vascular Cambia in Seedlings.- 3.4.2.3 Origin of Additional Supernumerary Cambia and Nature of Connections.- 3.4.3 Structure and Cell Types of Secondary Xylem.- 3.4.3.1 Portulacineae (Sensu Thorne 1983).- 3.4.3.2 Phytolaccaceous Alliance.- 3.4.3.3 Other Betalain-Containing Families.- 3.4.3.4 Anthocyanin-Containing Families.- 3.5 Extraxylary Sclerenchyma of Stems.- 3.6 Phylogenetic Analysis.- References.- 4 Epicutieular Wax Ultrastructure and Systematics.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Wax Ultrastructure of Caryophyllales.- 4.3 Relations Within the Order.- 4.4 Wax Ultrastructure and Position of the Order.- References.- 5 Sieve-Element Plastids: Their Significance for the Evolution and Systematics of the Order.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 The Sieve-Element Plastid Characters.- 5.2.1 Forms and Types of Sieve-Element Plastids.- 5.2.2 Sizes of Sieve-Element Plastids.- 5.3 The Distinctive Characters of Sieve-Element Plastids in the Caryophyllales.- 5.4 The Distribution of Forms and Sizes of Sieve-Element Plastids in the Higher Taxa of the Caryophyllales.- 5.5 The Sieve-Element Plastids of the Families Sometimes Included in or Most Often Allied to the Caryophyllales.- 5.6 The Putative Evolution of the Sieve-Element Plastids in the Caryophyllales.- 5.7 Relationships of the Order Caryophyllales.- 5.8 Addendum: On Phytoferritin in Plastids of Phloem Cells.- References.- 6 Flower Morphology and Ontogeny.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.1.1 Materials and Methods.- 6.1.2 What Groups Can Be Used as Homogeneous Units?.- 6.1.2.1 Commentary on Families.- 6.2 Results.- 6.2.1 Observations on some Individually Treated Genera.- 6.2.2 Ontogeny of the Flowers, Especially of the Androecium and Petals.- 6.2.2.1 Families with Centrifugally Originating Stamens.- 6.2.2.2 Comments on Families with Successively Originating Stamens.- 6.2.2.3 Flower Ontogeny of Gyrostemonaceae.- 6.2.3 Gynoecium.- 6.2.3.1 Types of Gynoecia.- 6.2.3.2 Ontogeny of Carpels.- 6.2.3.3 Stigmas, Styles, Pollen Tube Transmitting Tissue and "Free-Central Placenta".- 6.3 Conclusions.- References.- 7 Pollen Morphology and Exine Ultrastructure.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Materials and Methods.- 7.3 Results.- 7.3.1 Caryophyllales Pollen Description.- 7.3.2 Tectum.- 7.3.3 Apertures.- 7.3.4 Exine Structure.- 7.3.5 Pollen Descriptions of the Caryophyllales Families.- 7.4 Discussion.- 7.4.1 Pollen Data and Molecular Results.- 7.5 Summary.- References.- 8 Phylogenetic Relationships Using Restriction Site Variation of the Chloroplast DNA Inverted Repeat.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Materials and Methods.- 8.3 Results and Discussion.- 8.3.1 rpl2 Intron Loss.- 8.3.2 Phylogenetic Analysis of Inverted Repeat Restriction Site Mutations.- 8.3.3 Nepenthes and the Caryophyllales.- 8.4 Conclusions.- References.- 9 Gene Sequence Data.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Materials and Methods.- 9.2.1 Materials.- 9.2.2 DNA Extractions, Cloning, Amplification, and Sequencing.- 9.2.3 Analysis of Data.- 9.3 Results and Discussion.- 9.3.1 General.- 9.3.2 Clade I: Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae.- 9.3.3 Clade II: Caryophyllaceae.- 9.3.4 Clade III: Basellaceae, Portulacaceae, Cactaceae, and Didiereaceae.- 9.3.5 Clade IV: Phytolaccaceae, Petiveriaceae, Nyctaginaceae, and Gisekia.- 9.4 Conclusions.- References.- 10 Chemical Review and Evolutionary Significance of the Betalains.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Biogenesis of Betalains.- 10.3 Evolutionary Significance of Betalains.- 10.4 Value of Chemotaxonomic Data in Studies of the Caryophyllales.- 10.5 Current and Future Studies.- References.- 11 Recent Advances in Betalain Analysis.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 General Procedures.- 11.3 High Performance Liquid Chromatography.- 11.4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.- 11.5 Mass Spectrometry.- References.- 12 Cladistic and Phenetic Studies.- 12.1 Summary.- 12.2 Introduction.- 12.3 Materials: Taxa.- 12.4 Materials: Characters.- 12.5 Methods.- 12.6 Results and Discussion.- 12.7 Conclusion.- Appendix A Characters, States, and Codings, with Notes on Literature Sources, Homology, Sampling, and Variability.- Appendix B Matrix of Coding Assignments.- References.- 13 Putative Origin and Relationships of the Order from the Viewpoint of Developmental Flower Morphology.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 The Fascicled Centrifugal Androecium as a Basis of Argumentation Concerning the Origin of the Caryophyllales.- 13.3 The Gynoecium as a Basis of Argumentation Concerning the Relationships of the Caryophyllales.- 13.4 Conclusion.- References.- 14 A Note on the Relationships of the Order Within the Angiosperms.- References.- 15 Lyallia kerguelensis Hook. f. and Its Artificial Propagation.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2 Taxonomic Description.- 15.3 Geographical Distribution and Ecology.- 15.4 Material Examined.- 15.5 Artificial Propagation.- References.- Genera Index.
41 citations
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TL;DR: Two new salicyloyl and angeloyl esters of jaeschkeanadiol, together with the known benzoic, p -hydroxybenzoic and vanillic acid esters, were isolated from Ferula elaeochytris.
41 citations
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TL;DR: Three flavonoids have been identified from the frond exudate of P. calomelanos: rhamnocitrin, apigenin 7-methyl ether and genkwanin this article.
40 citations
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TL;DR: The factors underlying the influence of the different classes of polyphenols in enhancing their resistance to oxidation are discussed and support the contention that the partition coefficients of the flavonoids as well as their rates of reaction with the relevant radicals define the antioxidant activities in the lipophilic phase.
8,513 citations
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TL;DR: A revised and updated classification for the families of the flowering plants is provided in this paper, which includes Austrobaileyales, Canellales, Gunnerales, Crossosomatales and Celastrales.
7,299 citations
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TL;DR: Western medicine has not yet used flavonoids therapeutically, even though their safety record is exceptional, and suggestions are made where such possibilities may be worth pursuing.
Abstract: Flavonoids are nearly ubiquitous in plants and are recognized as the pigments responsible for the colors of leaves, especially in autumn. They are rich in seeds, citrus fruits, olive oil, tea, and red wine. They are low molecular weight compounds composed of a three-ring structure with various substitutions. This basic structure is shared by tocopherols (vitamin E). Flavonoids can be subdivided according to the presence of an oxy group at position 4, a double bond between carbon atoms 2 and 3, or a hydroxyl group in position 3 of the C (middle) ring. These characteristics appear to also be required for best activity, especially antioxidant and antiproliferative, in the systems studied. The particular hydroxylation pattern of the B ring of the flavonoles increases their activities, especially in inhibition of mast cell secretion. Certain plants and spices containing flavonoids have been used for thousands of years in traditional Eastern medicine. In spite of the voluminous literature available, however, Western medicine has not yet used flavonoids therapeutically, even though their safety record is exceptional. Suggestions are made where such possibilities may be worth pursuing.
4,663 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, two complementary colorimetric methods, aluminum chloride method and 2,4-dini trophenylhydrazine method, were used to determine the real content of total flavonoids in propolis.
3,899 citations
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TL;DR: Several high-quality investigations have examined the relationship between flavonoid structure and antibacterial activity and these are in close agreement, and future studies may allow the development of a pharmacologically acceptable antimicrobial agent or class of agents.
3,630 citations