Tri Handayani

Bio: Tri Handayani is an academic researcher from Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Oryzalin & Musa acuminata. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 38 publications receiving 114 citations. Previous affiliations of Tri Handayani include Bogor Agricultural University.

The Expansion of High School Education in Poor Regions: The Case of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract: This paper explores the continuing labour market dilemmas resulting from the expansion of upper secondary and higher education in Indonesia. The situation is more acute in the poorer provinces such as East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) with their limited demand for high school graduates. The findings presented here are based on a sample of 800 high school students in the West Timor region of NTT. The authors point to the problems inherent in the Indonesian government's goal of nine years' compulsory education by the year 2004, and suggest policy measures to avoid the wastage of talent in provinces such as East Nusa Tenggara.

Uji Toleransi Tanaman Kentang Hitam (Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng.) Hasil Radiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan

Abstract: Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng. is one of the potential root crops to become an alternative food. The aim of this study was to determine drought resistant status of Plectranthus rotundifolius irradiated by gamma irradiation. This experiment was conducted in the Green House using a Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 5 replications. The first factor was plant number consisted of 7 accessions (D116, D69, M343, D40, M95, D3, and Klefa Imut/KI). The second factor was the level of field capacity (FC) consisted of 100% FC, 60% FC, and 20% FC. The observed parameter were vegetative and generative growth stage, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, and chlorophyll content. The result showed that the resistance level of the 7 accessions can be devided into 3 categories: 1) The plants that were susceptible to drought i.e. D116, D69, M343, and KI; 2) The plants that were semi-tolerant to drought i.e. D40 and M95; and 3) The plant that was tolerant to drought i.e. D3. Keywords: Plectranthus rotundifolius, gamma irradiation, drought stress

Habitat distribution and diversity of plants as feed resources for mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) in Gunung Halimun National Park

Abstract: An initial study on the habitat distribution and diversity of plants as feed resources for mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) was conducted at Gunung Halimun National Park. The survey was carried out by visiting places where mouse deer and barking deer are usually seen, and collecting specimens of the plant species on which those animals feed. In Gunung Kendeng the mouse deer prefers forest habitats up to a height of 1,100 m asl, such as dense bush, rock crevices or tree hollows, dense tea plantations, and bush areas not far from rivers. Barking deer prefer forests up to a height of 1,100 m asl in Gunung Kendeng, but up to 1,600 m asl in Gunung Botol. Barking deer prefer dense bush on the forest edges. Results showed 50 plant species consisting of 22 families as possible feed resources for mouse deer and barking deer.

Tetraploid teak seedling was more tolerant to drought stress than its diploid seedling

Abstract: The demand of teak ( Tectona grandis L.f.) wood for the national industry can only be fulfilled about 0.75 million m 3 /year from 2.5 million m 3 /year which is caused by the long of harvesting time and the derivation of suitable land for teak due to climate change. Indonesia has a wide area of dry land to develop teak plant, so that, fast growing and drought resistant teak seedling is needed. The aim of this research was to compare the resistance of tetraploid and diploid teak clone to drought stress. The research was conducted in the greenhouse using Randomized Block Design with two factors and 9 replications. The first factor was clone i.e. diploid (2x) and tetraploid (4x). The second factor was drought stress levels consisted of 5 watering intervals i.e. 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and watering only at the treatment began. Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf water potential, stomata, root system, and plant dry weight were observed to evaluate the plant growth. The result showed that the growth of both tetraploid and its diploid seedling clones were declined under drought stress. However, the growth of tetraploid seedling is better than its diploid seedling.

Biodiversity of the Gaga chicken from Pinrang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia based on the bioacoustic analysis and morphometric study

Abstract: Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial crossbreeding. The plant is also used in traditional medicine, rope-making, handicraft, and bouquets. Flower development and pollen maturity are important factors in pitcher plant crossbreeding. However, information about its flowering is still lacking. This study aimed to record the flower morphology, flower development, and faunal visitors to male inflorescences of N. mirabilis planted in Bogor Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. Twelve racemes of flowers were taken as a sample for observing the process of inflorescence development, while ten flowers on each raceme were observed for investigating the flowering pattern of individual flowers. The morphology of flowers, the process of inflorescence development, the flowering pattern for individual flowers, the number of open flowers, the longevity of anthesis, and the appearance of insect (and/or other faunal) visitors to flowers were observed and recorded, using naked eyes, a hand lens, and a camera. Six phases of inflorescence development were identified: inflorescence bud phase, raceme phase, the opening of the raceme-protecting sheath phase, inflorescence-stalk and flowerstalk growth phase, open flower phase and pollen maturity phase. Four phases of flower development were observed: growth of flower bud, the opening of tepals, pollen maturation, and flower senescence. The pattern of anthesis within an inflorescence was acropetal. The number of flowers per raceme was 56 to 163. The peak duration of anthesis of a flower was 11 days (30.7% of flowers). The length of the raceme-stalks was 17-31 cm. The length of the racemes was 23-38 cm. The most common visitors to the flowers were stingless bees, Trigona apicalis.

Fish intake during pregnancy and early cognitive development of offspring

Abstract: The upside of pregnant women eating fish is that it contains many potentially beneficial nutrients, among them iron and long-chain omega fatty acids. The downside is that it also may contain neurotoxic agents such as methylmercury. The United Kingdom, where fish consumption is high, seemed to offer a good opportunity to identify any associations between fish intake by pregnant women and the early development of language and communication skills. The cohort included 7421 British children born in the years 1991-1992. Mercury was measured in umbilical cord tissue in roughly 15% of the children. Cognitive development was assessed using adaptations of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (MCDI) at age 15 months and the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DTST) at age 18 months. All but 12% of mothers ate fish while pregnant, 80% of them a least once a week. Approximately two thirds ate both white and oily types of fish. Developmental assessment scores consistently increased with greater maternal fish intake during pregnancy. The greatest effect was a 7% higher MCDI comprehension score when mothers ate fish at least once a week, compared with those eating no fish. For MCDI social activity scores, the major difference was between no fish and any fish. Total DDST scores were 2% higher in children whose mothers ate fish 1 to 3 times a week compared with those eating no fish. The chance of making high or low scores, especially on the MCDI, also was associated with maternal fish intake. The child's fish intake did not influence these findings, but it was independently associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores. Fish intake during pregnancy also was associated with increased levels of mercury in umbilical cord tissue. In general, however, mercury levels were low and did not correlate with developmental scores. Moderate intake of noncontaminated fish during pregnancy may enhance the child's early development of language and communication skills.

The Regional Geography of New Young Graduate Labour in the UK

Abstract: Hoare A. and Corver M. The regional geography of new young graduate labour in the UK, Regional Studies. Using a newly constructed database of UK undergraduates' previous residences, universities, and first employment, this paper develops a framework to model the flows between these locations. Graduates recruited by any labour market are classified into four recruitment pathways. The model is then applied to the UK regional system for four successive graduating cohorts from 1998/99. The paper identifies clear winner and loser regions in graduate recruitment, the different roles of the four pathways, and the effect of degree class. It then explains these markedly different regional outcomes and suggests the policy prescriptions for regions that currently lose potential graduate workers in this process of inter-regional interaction. Hoare A. et Corver M. Le geographie regionale du recrutement diplome au Royaume-Uni, Regional Studies. A partir d'une nouvelle base de donnees au sujet des anciens lieux de resid...

Analyzing the distributional impact of reforms

Abstract: The analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms on the well-being or welfare of different stakeholder groups, particularly on the poor and vulnerable, has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. In recent years this type of work has been labeled as Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and is increasingly implemented to promote evidence-based policy choices and foster debate on policy reform options. While information is available on the general approach, techniques and tools for distributional analysis, each sector displays a series of specific characteristics. Each chapter of this volume provides an overview of the specific issues arising in the analysis of the distributional impacts of policy and institutional reforms in selected sectors. Each chapter then offers guidance on the selection of tools and techniques most adapted to the reforms under scrutiny, and offers examples of applications of these approaches.

Physiological and molecular responses to drought stress in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.).

Abstract: Drought stress is an increasingly common and worrying phenomenon because it causes a loss of production in both agriculture and forestry. Teak is a tropical tree which needs alternating rainy and dry seasons to produce high-quality wood. However, a robust understanding about the physiological characteristics and genes related to drought stress in this species is lacking. Consequently, after applying moderate and severe drought stress to teak seedlings, an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) was used to measure different parameters in the leaves. Additionally, using the root transcriptome allowed finding and analyzing the expression of several drought-related genes. As a result, in both water deficit treatments a reduction in photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and leaf relative water content was found. As well, an increase in free proline levels and intrinsic water use efficiency was found when compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, 977 transcripts from the root contigs showed functional annotation related to drought stress, and of these, TgTPS1, TgDREB1, TgAREB1 and TgPIP1 were selected. The expression analysis of those genes along with TgHSP1, TgHSP2, TgHSP3 and TgBI (other stress-related genes) showed that with moderate treatment, TgTPS1, TgDREB1, TgAREB1, TgPIP1, TgHSP3 and TgBI genes had higher expression than the control treatment, but with severe treatment only TgTPS1 and TgDREB1 showed higher expression than the control treatment. At the end, a schematic model for the physiological and molecular strategies under drought stress in teak from this study is provided. In conclusion, these physiological and biochemical adjustments in leaves and genetic changes in roots under severe and prolonged water shortage situations can be a limiting factor for teak plantlets’ growth. Further studies of those genes under different biotic and abiotic stress treatments are needed.