Tushar Kanti Bera

Bio: Tushar Kanti Bera is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Durgapur. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electrical impedance tomography & Imaging phantom. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 68 publications receiving 1154 citations. Previous affiliations of Tushar Kanti Bera include Yonsei University & B.M.S. College of Engineering.

A multifrequency constant current source suitable for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)

Abstract: Constant current source is essential in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) for injecting a sinusoidal constant current to the phantom boundary. In medical EIT the multifrequency scanning is desired for studying the wide range of tissue conductivity among different type of subjects. A multifrequency constant current source is developed for medical EIT and the boundary data of a practical phantom is studied. A sinusoidal constant crrent is injected to the phantom boundary at different frequency levels and the boundary potentials are measured. Results show that the developed current source efficiently generate constant current with minimal amount of noise at different frequency levels. Boundary data are successfully generated at four different frequencies and found suitable for image reconstruction study in multifrequecy EIT.

Applications of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT): A Short Review

Abstract: Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a tomographic imaging method which solves an ill posed inverse problem using the boundary voltage-current data collected from the surface of the object under test. Though the spatial resolution is comparatively low compared to conventional tomographic imaging modalities, due to several advantages EIT has been studied for a number of applications such as medical imaging, material engineering, civil engineering, biotechnology, chemical engineering, MEMS and other fields of engineering and applied sciences. In this paper, the applications of EIT have been reviewed and presented as a short summary. The working principal, instrumentation and advantages are briefly discussed followed by a detail discussion on the applications of EIT technology in different areas of engineering, technology and applied sciences.

Electrical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies on Broiler Chicken Tissue Suitable for the Development of Practical Phantoms in Multifrequency EIT

Abstract: Phantoms are essential for assessing the system performance in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) Saline phantoms with insulator inhomogeneity fail to mimic the physiological structure of real body tissue in several aspects Saline or any other salt solutions are purely resistive and hence studying multifrequency EIT systems cannot be assessed with saline phantoms because the response of the purely resistive materials do not change over frequency Animal tissues show a variable response over a wide band of signal frequency due to their complex physiological and physiochemical structures and hence they can suitably be used as bathing medium and inhomogeneity in the phantoms of multifrequency EIT system An efficient assessment of a multifrequency EIT system with real tissue phantom needs a prior knowledge of the impedance profile of the bathing medium as well as the inhomogeneity In this direction Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of broiler chicken muscle tissue paste and broiler chicken fat tissue is conducted from 10 Hz to 2 MHz using an impedance analyzer and their impedance profiles are thoroughly studied Results show that the broiler chicken muscle tissue paste is less resistive than the fat tissue and hence it can be successfully used as the bathing medium of the phantoms for resistivity imaging in multifrequency EIT Fat tissue is found more resistive than the muscle tissue which makes it more suitable for the inhomogeneity in phantoms of resistivity imaging study doi:105617/jeb174 J Electr Bioimp, vol 2, pp 48-63, 2011

A study of practical biological phantoms with simple instrumentation for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)

Abstract: 16-electrode phantoms are developed and studied with a simple instrumentation developed for electrical impedance tomography. An analog instrumentation is developed with a sinusoidal current generator and signal conditioner circuit. Current generator is developed with modified Howland constant current source fed by a voltage controlled oscillator and the signal conditioner circuit consisting of an instrumentation amplifier and a narrow band pass filter. Electronic hardware is connected to the electrodes through a DIP switch based multiplexer module. Phantoms with different electrode size and position are developed and the EIT forward problem is studied using the forward solver. A low frequency low magnitude sinusoidal current is injected to the surface electrodes surrounding the phantom boundary and the differential potential is measured by a digital multimeter. Comparing measured potential with the simulated data it is intended to reduce the measurement error and an optimum phantom geometry is suggested. Result shows that the common mode electrode reduces the common mode error of the EIT electronics and reduces the error potential in the measured data. Differential potential is reduced up to 67 mV at the voltage electrode pair opposite to the current electrodes. Offset potential is measured and subtracted from the measured data for further correction. It is noticed that the potential data pattern depends on the electrode width and the optimum electrode width is suggested. It is also observed that measured potential becomes acceptable with a 20 mm solution column above and below the electrode array level.

A FEM-Based Forward Solver for Studying the Forward Problem of Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) with A Practical Biological Phantom

Abstract: A Finite Element Method based forward solver is developed for solving the forward problem of a 2D-Electrical Impedance Tomography The Method of Weighted Residual technique with a Galerkin approach is used for the FEM formulation of EIT forward problem The algorithm is written in MatLAB70 and the forward problem is studied with a practical biological phantom developed EIT governing equation is numerically solved to calculate the surface potentials at the phantom boundary for a uniform conductivity An EIT-phantom is developed with an array of 16 electrodes placed on innerthe surface of the phantom tank filled with KCl solution A sinusoidal current is injected through the current electrodes and the differential potentials across the voltage electrodes are measured Measured data is compared with the differential potential calculated for known current and solution conductivity Comparing measured voltage with the calculated data it is attempted to find the sources of errors to improve data quality for better image reconstruction

An Introduction To The Event Related Potential Technique

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Introduction to the Finite Element Method

Abstract: This chapter introduces the finite element method (FEM) as a tool for solution of classical electromagnetic problems. Although we discuss the main points in the application of the finite element method to electromagnetic design, including formulation and implementation, those who seek deeper understanding of the finite element method should consult some of the works listed in the bibliography section.

Wearable sensors: modalities, challenges, and prospects

Abstract: Wearable sensors have recently seen a large increase in both research and commercialization. However, success in wearable sensors has been a mix of both progress and setbacks. Most of commercial progress has been in smart adaptation of existing mechanical, electrical and optical methods of measuring the body. This adaptation has involved innovations in how to miniaturize sensing technologies, how to make them conformal and flexible, and in the development of companion software that increases the value of the measured data. However, chemical sensing modalities have experienced greater challenges in commercial adoption, especially for non-invasive chemical sensors. There have also been significant challenges in making significant fundamental improvements to existing mechanical, electrical, and optical sensing modalities, especially in improving their specificity of detection. Many of these challenges can be understood by appreciating the body's surface (skin) as more of an information barrier than as an information source. With a deeper understanding of the fundamental challenges faced for wearable sensors and of the state-of-the-art for wearable sensor technology, the roadmap becomes clearer for creating the next generation of innovations and breakthroughs.

The Essential Physics Of Medical Imaging

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