Urvi Bora

Bio: Urvi Bora is an academic researcher from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Osseointegration & Resonance frequency analysis. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 3 publications receiving 1 citations.

A Mathematical Model for Biomechanical Evaluation of Micro-motion in Dental Prosthetics using Vibroacoustic RFA

Abstract: Dental implants are placed in the jaw of a patient to perform the function of a missing tooth. However, before the implant is subjected to masticatory loading, sufficient osseointegration should take place to prevent its failure. Resonance Frequency Analysis is one of the methods to measure the primary stability of an implant system in terms of micromotion. This paper aims to formulate a mathematical model of the dental prosthetic for the vibroacoustic RFA technique. Vibroacoustic RFA is a novel method that excites the implant using either a loudspeaker or a buzzer and captures the subsequent displacement. In this study, a single degree of freedom mathematical model is excited using a sinusoidal force. The subsequent displacement or micro-motion of the implant system is found out by basic equations of vibrations while varying the input frequency between 1 – 50 Hz. The resonant frequency corresponding to the maximum micro-motion which lies between 1.2 – 2 µm is plotted using MATLAB. The resonant frequency values lie between 8975 – 8995 Hz with an average value of 8985 Hz. When the input frequency increases beyond 40 Hz, the micromotion shows a percentage increase of 40.62%. A higher value of resonance frequency indicates better osseointegration with decrease in micromotion. A Mathematical model and subsequent signal analysis using RFA is advantageous for implant stability measurement. Further research is needed to develop multiple degree of freedom systems to simulate the dental implant model.

An effect of micro-threaded design of implant neck on stress distribution to improve the survival rate of dental implants

Abstract: Dental implants have been a popular choice due to their increasingsurvival rate of implantation in the field of dentistry. The survival rate of implants is influenced by various parameters such as implant design, implant stability, osseointegration and fatigue life of the implant. Among these parameters, implant geometry plays a vital role. The design of implant neckwith and without micro-thread is an important consideration in implant design. Since the stresses developed along the implant-bone interface are concentrated near the implant neck, these stresses result into peri-implant bone loss. Hence, geometrical modifications of the implant neck design with and without micro-thread at neck region are being reviewed. In this paper, the effect of micro-threads on the implant neck for effective stress distribution at the interface region is studied by reviewing existing literature. Micro-threaded implants have been proven to increase bone growth, primary stability, the bone-implant contact percentage and provide better stress distribution. These implants also help in preserving the marginal bone as compared to the conventional implant neck designs. However, micro-threads may have certain disadvantages depending on the bone conditions and patient’s lifestyle habits. Hence, a few recommendations are enlisted to help select cases where micro-threads will prove to be useful.

A mathematical approach to estimate micro-displacement of a dental implant using electromagnetic Frequency Response Analysis.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to formulate a mathematical model of dental prosthetic using single degree of freedom (SDOF) to assess the micro-displacement under electromagnetic excitation. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and values from literature, stiffness and damping values of the mathematical model were estimated. For ensuring the successful implantation of dental implant system, monitoring of primary stability in terms of micro-displacement is crucial. One of the most popular techniques for the measurement of stability is the Frequency Response Analysis (FRA). This technique assesses the resonant frequency of vibration corresponding to the maximum micro-displacement (micro-mobility) of the implant. Among the different FRA techniques, the most common method is the Electromagnetic FRA. The subsequent displacement of the implant in the bone is estimated by equations of vibration. A comparison has been made to observe the variation in resonance frequency and micro-displacement due to varying input frequency ranges of 1-40 Hz. The micro-displacement and corresponding resonance frequency were plotted using MATLAB and the variation in resonance frequency is found to be negligible. The present mathematical model is a preliminary approach to understand the variation of micro-displacement with reference to electromagnetic excitation force and to obtain the resonance frequency. The present study validated the use of input frequency ranges (1-30 Hz) with negligible variation in micro-displacement and corresponding resonance frequency. However, input frequency ranges beyond 31-40 Hz is not recommended due to large variation in micromotion and corresponding resonance frequency.

Integrating Green Lean Six Sigma and industry 4.0: a conceptual framework

Abstract: PurposeThis research aims to propose a framework to integrate Green Lean Six Sigma (GLSS) and Industry 4.0 to improve organizational sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThe integration of GLSS and Industry 4.0 is proposed based on theoretical facets of the individual approaches. A generic, conceptual framework of an integrated GLSS-Industry 4.0 approach is then proposed using the application of different tools and techniques of GLSS and Industry 4.0 at different stages of the realization of a project.FindingsBoth approaches have common facets related to enablers and barriers, and the integrated application of tools and techniques of each approach supplements the common focus of both related to sustainability enhancement. The proposed, conceptual framework provides systematic guidelines from the project selection stage to the sustainment of the solution, with the enumerated application of different techniques and tools at each step of the framework.Originality/valueThis research is the first of its kind to propose the integration of GLSS and Industry 4.0 under the umbrella of a unified approach, including a conceptual framework of this integrated GLSS-Industry 4.0 approach.

Industry 4.0 and Enabling Technologies: Integration Framework and Challenges

Abstract: Industry 4.0 has revolutionized the traditional production line toward smart factories in a sustainable environment. It represents an intelligent manufacturing network, where machines and products interact without human control. Recently, there have been studies on Industry 4.0 and integrating enabling technologies, and this article aims to summarize a few of the pathbreaking studies and guide future research in this field. This paper reviews 112 journal publications related to Blockchain from 2017 to 2021 in the Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) database. The selected papers are grouped into ten categories. This overview indicates that research of integrating Industry 4.0 enabling technologies needs to focus on developing better privacy and security mechanisms and a design framework for integrating the 5G network system into the platform.

Identification Overview of Industry 4.0 Essential Attributes and Resource-Limited Embedded Artificial-Intelligence-of-Things Devices for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Abstract: Nowadays there is a growing demand for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve their level of digitalisation. This situation becomes even more critical in cases when SMEs act in the role of a subcontractor of large enterprises who demand the utilisation of certain digital operations. This paper aims to identify the essential Industry 4.0 attributes for the requirements of SMEs that enterprises can purchase to deploy an adequate solution with a view of increasing their competitiveness in the market. By analysing research articles and statistical data from the worldwide Web of Science database, we identify the major Industry 4.0 attributes for SME: Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Simulation and Cybersecurity. Based on the review results and a survey by the European Commission, we propose devices primarily designed to implement AI tasks in industrial environments that meet the essential attributes for SMEs and have low entry costs. The subject of IoT is thoroughly addressed. Its subsets and the relationship between Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) are introduced and described. The characteristics of the listed devices as related to usability in the identified attributes are verified. Therefore, the description of the devices is provided with respect to their usability in SMEs. The main purpose of this paper is to identify attributes for SMEs and to develop strategic plans for the digitalisation requirements, particularly in the development of Artificial Intelligence as part of the implementation of the IoT pillar.