Author
V. Masson
Bio: V. Masson is an academic researcher from Centre national de la recherche scientifique. The author has contributed to research in topics: Precipitation & Glacial period. The author has an hindex of 20, co-authored 29 publications receiving 2564 citations.
Topics: Precipitation, Glacial period, Ice core, Holocene, Water cycle
Papers
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory1, University of Wisconsin System2, Max Planck Society3, Lund University4, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory5, University of Oregon6, Centre national de la recherche scientifique7, University of Bremen8, Yonsei University9, Bureau of Meteorology10, University of Toronto11, Pennsylvania State University12, Goddard Institute for Space Studies13, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign14, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation15, National Center for Atmospheric Research16, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration17
TL;DR: This article showed that the magnitude of the monsoon increases over northern Africa are underestimated by all the models, despite qualitative agreement with paleoecological estimates of biome shifts, despite quantitative evidence that biome shifts are correlated with changes in the distribution of monsoon rainfall.
Abstract: Amplification of the northern hemisphere seasonal cycle of insolation during the mid-Holocene causes a northward shift of the main regions of monsoon precipitation over Africa and India in all 18 simulations conducted for the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP). Differences among simulations are related to differences in model formulation. Despite qualitative agreement with paleoecological estimates of biome shifts, the magnitude of the monsoon increases over northern Africa are underestimated by all the models.
396 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a comparison is made of the Holocene records obtained from water isotope measurements along 11 ice cores from coastal and central sites in east Antarctica (Vostok, Dome B, Plateau Remote, Komsomolskaia, Dome C, Taylor Dome, Dominion Range, D47, KM105, and Law Dome) and west Antarctica (Byrd), with temporal resolution from 20 to 50 yr.
341 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a deuterium-excess history obtained from ice cores from Vostok, East Antarctica, spanning the full glacial-interglacial cycle of the past 150,000 years is presented.
Abstract: The stable-isotope signatures of oxygen and hydrogen in the water of preserved ice and snow are both widely used to infer local temperatures of past environments. A derived quantity based on these two signatures, the ‘deuterium excess’1, provides additional palaeoclimatic information2,3,4, as this parameter depends on the meteorological and oceanic characteristics of the water's source-regions (in particular, their temperature2,3 and relative humidity4). Published studies mainly focus on records from the past 40,000 years. Here we present a deuterium-excess history obtained from ice cores from Vostok, East Antarctica, spanning the full glacial–interglacial cycle of the past 150,000 years. The deuterium-excess record shows a strong anticorrelation with the Earth's orbital obliquity (∼41,000-year periodicity), and values are markedly higher during the cold stage 5d (following the last interglacial) than during the other cold stages. We interpret the relationship with obliquity as resulting from changes in the latitudinal insolation gradient affecting ocean surface conditions and, thus, the delivery of moisture to the polar region. We argue that the high 5d values, relative to other cold stages, are driven by relatively less moisture delivered from high latitudes, and more from low latitudes. The deuterium-excess in Antarctic precipitation thus provides long-term, spatially integrated information on ocean surface conditions and ocean/atmosphere circulations in the Southern Hemisphere.
272 citations
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University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill1, Norwich University2, University of Hamburg3, The Chinese University of Hong Kong4, University of Cyprus5, University College Dublin6, Purdue University7, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology8, University of São Paulo9, Sun Yat-sen University10, Ghent University11, University of Kansas12, China Meteorological Administration13, National Center for Atmospheric Research14, University of Reading15
TL;DR: The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) as mentioned in this paper is an international community-based initiative to acquire and disseminate climate relevant data on the physical geographies of cities for modeling and analysis purposes.
Abstract: The World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) is an international community-based initiative to acquire and disseminate climate relevant data on the physical geographies of cities for modeling and analysis purposes. The current lacuna of globally consistent information on cities is a major impediment to urban climate science toward informing and developing climate mitigation and adaptation strategies at urban scales. WUDAPT consists of a database and a portal system; its database is structured into a hierarchy representing different levels of detail, and the data are acquired using innovative protocols that utilize crowdsourcing approaches, Geowiki tools, freely accessible data, and building typology archetypes. The base level of information (L0) consists of local climate zone (LCZ) maps of cities; each LCZ category is associated with a range of values for model-relevant surface descriptors (roughness, impervious surface cover, roof area, building heights, etc.). Levels 1 (L1) and 2 (L2) will provide specific intra-urban values for other relevant descriptors at greater precision, such as data morphological forms, material composition data, and energy usage. This article describes the status of the WUDAPT project and demonstrates its potential value using observations and models. As a community-based project, other researchers are encouraged to participate to help create a global urban database of value to urban climate scientists.
244 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the results obtained using the isotopic version of the NASA/GISS Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) fitted with isotope tracer diagnostics were compared with two different isotopic AGCMs and examined, with a more global perspective, the equivalence of the spatial and temporal isotope-temperature relationship.
211 citations
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles.
Abstract: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial–interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Interglacial periods differed in temporal evolution and duration. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane correlate well with Antarctic air-temperature throughout the record. Present-day atmospheric burdens of these two important greenhouse gases seem to have been unprecedented during the past 420,000 years.
5,469 citations
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TL;DR: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The recent completion of drilling at Vostok station in East Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial–interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Interglacial periods differed in temporal evolution and duration. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane correlate well with Antarctic air-temperature throughout the record. Present-day atmospheric burdens of these two important greenhouse gases seem to have been unprecedented during the past 420,000 years.
5,109 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an examination of similar to50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 9000-8000, 6000-5000, 4200-3800, 3500-2500, 1200-1000, and 600-150 cal yr B.P.
2,255 citations
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TL;DR: The recovery of a deep ice core from Dome C, Antarctica, that provides a climate record for the past 740,000 years is reported, suggesting that without human intervention, a climate similar to the present one would extend well into the future.
Abstract: The Antarctic Vostok ice core provided compelling evidence of the nature of climate, and of climate feedbacks, over the past 420,000 years. Marine records suggest that the amplitude of climate variability was smaller before that time, but such records are often poorly resolved. Moreover, it is not possible to infer the abundance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from marine records. Here we report the recovery of a deep ice core from Dome C, Antarctica, that provides a climate record for the past 740,000 years. For the four most recent glacial cycles, the data agree well with the record from Vostok. The earlier period, between 740,000 and 430,000 years ago, was characterized by less pronounced warmth in interglacial periods in Antarctica, but a higher proportion of each cycle was spent in the warm mode. The transition from glacial to interglacial conditions about 430,000 years ago ( Termination V) resembles the transition into the present interglacial period in terms of the magnitude of change in temperatures and greenhouse gases, but there are significant differences in the patterns of change. The interglacial stage following Termination V was exceptionally long - 28,000 years compared to, for example, the 12,000 years recorded so far in the present interglacial period. Given the similarities between this earlier warm period and today, our results may imply that without human intervention, a climate similar to the present one would extend well into the future.
1,995 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, robust regressions were established between relative sea-level (RSL) data and benthic foraminifera oxygen isotopic ratios from the North Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Ocean over the last climatic cycle.
1,908 citations