Victor L. Katch

Bio: Victor L. Katch is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Exercise physiology & Anaerobic exercise. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 7 publications receiving 4149 citations.

Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Human Performance

Abstract: Introduction: A View of the Past Exercise Physiology: Roots and Historical Perspectives NUTRITION: THE BASE FOR HUMAN PERFORMANCE Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins Vitamins, Minerals, and Water Optimal Nutrition for Exercise ENERGY FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Energy Value of Food Introduction to Energy Transfer Energy Transfer in the Body Energy Transfer in Exercise Measurement of Human Energy Expenditure Human Energy Expenditure During Rest and Physical Activity Energy Expenditure During Walking, Jogging, Running, and Swimming Individual Differences and Measurement of Energy Capacities SYSTEMS OF ENERGY DELIVERY AND UTILIZATION Pulmonary Structure and Function Gas Exchange and Transport Dynamics of Pulmonary Ventilation The Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular Regulation and Integration Functional Capacity of the Cardiovascular System Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function Neural Control of Human Movement The Endocrine System ENHANCEMENT OF ENERGY CAPACITY Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Muscular Strength: Training Muscles to Become Stronger Special Aids to Exercise Performance and Conditioning EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS Exercise at Medium and High Altitude Exercise and Thermal Stress Sport Diving Microgravity: The Last Frontier BODY COMPOSITION, ENERGY BALANCE, AND WEIGHT CONTROL Body Composition Assessment Physique, Performance, and Physical Activity Obesity and Weight Control EXERCISE, SUCCESSFUL AGING, AND DISEASE PREVENTION Physical Activity, Health, and Aging Clinical Exercise Physiology for Cancer, Cardiovascular, and Pulmonary Rehabilitation ON THE HORIZON Molecular Biology: A New Vista for Exercise Physiology Appendix A: The Metric System and Conversion Constants in Exercise Physiology Appendix B: Nutritive Values for Common Foods, Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Beverages, and Specialty and Fast-Food Items Appendix C: Energy Expenditure in Household, Occupational, Recreational, and Sports Activities Appendix D: Metabolic Computations in Open-Circuit Spirometry Appendix E: Honors and Awards of Interviewees More Appendices are on the connection Website, connection.lww.com/go/MKK6e

Exercise physiology : nutrition, energy and human performance

Abstract: Setting the standard for more than 30 years, Exercise Physiology has helped more than 350,000 students build a solid foundation in the scientific principles underlying modern exercise physiology. This Eighth Edition is updated with the latest research in the field to give you easy-to-understand, up-to-date coverage of how nutrition, energy transfer, and exercise training affect human performance. Get quick access to the resources available to help you master each section of the text with "Ancillaries at a Glance." Maximize your study time with the book's vibrant, "magazine style" design that makes the content more engaging and accessible and key information easier to find. Reinforce your understanding with Chapter Objectives, Integrative Questions that pose open-ended questions for reflection on complex concepts, and FYI sections that offer "good to know" information. Gain an understanding of how researchers contribute to our knowledge of exercise physiology through engaging section-opening interviews with key figures in the field. Learn how theoretical concepts relate to practical skills through "In a Practical Sense" features. Access the most relevant current information in the field through figures and tables that clarify important concepts and information. Gain an understanding of the past, present, and future of the profession through coverage of important milestones and future directions in the field. Visit the free companion website for anywhere, anytime access to over 30 animations of key exercise physiology concepts, the book's complete list of references, and more.

Essentials of Exercise Physiology

Abstract: Section I: Introduction to Exercise Physiology Chapter 1: Origins of Exercise Physiology: Foundations for the Field of Study Section II: Nutrition and Energy Chapter 2: Macronutrients and Micronutrients Chapter 3: Food Energy and Optimum Nutrition for Exercise Chapter 4: Nutritional (and Pharmacologic) Aids to Performance Section III: Energy Transfer Chapter 5: Fundamentals of Human Energy Transfer Chapter 6: Human Energy Transfer During Exercise Chapter 7: Measuring and Evaluating Human Energy-Generating Capacities During Exercise Chapter 8: Energy Expenditure During Rest and Physical Activity Section IV: The Physiologic Support Systems Chapter 9: The Pulmonary System and Exercise Chapter 10: The Cardiovascular System and Exercise Chapter 11: The Neuromuscular System and Exercise Chapter 12: Hormones, Exercise, and Training Section V: Exercise Training and Adaptations Chapter 13: Training the Anaerobic and Aerobic Energy Systems Chapter 14: Training Muscles to Become Stronger Chapter 15: Factors Affecting Physiologic Function: The Environment and Special Aids to Performance Section VI: Optimizing Body Composition, Successful Aging, and Health-Related Exercise Benefits Chapter 16: Body Composition, Obesity, and Weight Control Chapter 17: Physical Activity, Exercise, Successful Aging, and Disease Prevention Chapter 18: Clinical Aspects of Exercise Physiology Appendix A: The Metric System and Conversion Constantsin Exercise Physiology Appendix B: Metabolic Computations in Open-Circuit Spirometry Appendix C: Evaluation of Body Composition: Girth Method Appendix D: Evaluation of Body Composition: Skinfold Method Index

Sports and Exercise Nutrition

Abstract: Part I: Food Nutrients: Structure, Function and Digestion, Absorption, and Assimilation Chapter 1: The Macronutrients Chapter 2: The Micronutrients and Water Chapter 3: Digestion and Absorption of the Food Nutrients Part II: Nutrient Bioenergetics in Exercise and Training Chapter 4: Nutrient Role in Bioenergetics Chapter 5: Macronutrient Metabolism in Exercise and Training Chapter 6: Measurement of Energy in Food and During Physical Activity Part III: Optimal Nutrition for the Physically Active Person: Making Informed and Healthful Choices Chapter 7: Nutritional Recommendations for the Physically Active Person Chapter 8: Nutritional Considerations for Intense Training and Sports Competition Chapter 9: Making Wise Choices in the Nutrition Marketplace Part IV: Thermoregulation and Fluid Balance During Heat Stress Chapter 10: Exercise Thermoregulation, Fluid Balance, and Rehydration Part V: Purported Ergogenic Aids Chapter 11: Pharmacologic and Chemical Ergogenic Aids Evaluated Chapter 12: Nutritional Ergogenic Aids Evaluated Part VI: Body Composition, Weight Control, and Disordered Eating Behaviors Chapter 13: Body Composition Assessment and Sport-Specific Observations Chapter 14: Energy Balance, Exercise, and Weight Control Chapter 15: Disordered Eating Appendix A: Nutritive Values for Common Foods, Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Beverages, and Specialty and Fast Food Items Appendix B: Energy Expenditure in Household, Occupational, Recreational, and Sport Activities Appendix C: Assessment of Energy and Nutrient Intakes: Three-Day Dietary Survey Appendix D: Body Composition Assessment Appendix E: Body Composition Characteristics of Athletes in Different Sports Appendix F: Three-Day Physical Activity Log

Sports & exercise nutrition

Abstract: SECTION I. FOOD NUTRIENTS : THEIR DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, AND ASSIMILIATION CHAPTER 1: THE MACRONUTRIENTS CHAPTER 2: THE MICRONUTRIENTS AND WATER CHAPTER 3: DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF THE FOOD NUTRIENTS SECTION II. NUTRIENT BIOENERGETICS IN EXERCISE AND TRAINING CHAPTER 4: NUTRIENT ROLE IN BIOENERGETICS CHAPTER 5: MACRONUTRIENT METABOLISM IN EXERCISE AND TRAINING CHAPTER 6: MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY: FOOD AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SECTION III. OPTIMAL NUTRITION FOR SPORTS AND EXERCISE: MAKING INFORMED AND HEALTHFUL CHOICES CHAPTER 7: OPTIMAL NUTRITION FOR EXERCISE AND TRAINING CHAPTER 8: MAKING WISE CHOICES IN THE NUTRITION MARKETPLACE SECTION IV. THERMOREGULATION AND FLUID BALANCE DURING HEAT STRESS CHAPTER 9: EXERCISE THERMOREGULATION, FLUID BALANCE, AND REHYDRATION SECTION V. PURPORTED ERGOGENIC AIDS CHAPTER 10: PHARMACOLOGIC AND CHEMICAL ERGOGENIC AIDS EVALUATED CHAPTER 11: NUTRITIONAL ERGOGENIC AIDS EVALUATED SECTION VI. BODY COMPOSITION, WEIGHT CONTROL, AND DISORDERED EATING CHAPTER 12: BODY COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT AND SPORTS SPECIFIC OBSERVATIONS CHAPTER 13: ENERGY BALANCE, EXERCISE AND WEIGHT CONTROL CHAPTER 14: DISORDERED EATING AMONG ATHLETES APPENDICE

Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research.

Abstract: "Physical activity," "exercise," and "physical fitness" are terms that describe different concepts. However, they are often confused with one another, and the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. This paper proposes definitions to distinguish them. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related. The degree to which people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. These definitions are offered as an interpretational framework for comparing studies that relate physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness to health.

Exercise Standards for Testing and Training A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Abstract: The purpose of this report is to provide revised standards and guidelines for the exercise testing and training of individuals who are free from clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease and those with known cardiovascular disease. These guidelines are intended for physicians, nurses, exercise physiologists, specialists, technologists, and other healthcare professionals involved in exercise testing and training of these populations. This report is in accord with the “Statement on Exercise” published by the American Heart Association (AHA).1 These guidelines are a revision of the 1995 standards of the AHA that addressed the issues of exercise testing and training.2 An update of background, scientific rationale, and selected references is provided, and current issues of practical importance in the clinical use of these standards are considered. These guidelines are in accord with the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/AHA Guidelines for Exercise Testing.3 ### The Cardiovascular Response to Exercise Exercise, a common physiological stress, can elicit cardiovascular abnormalities that are not present at rest, and it can be used to determine the adequacy of cardiac function. Because exercise is only one of many stresses to which humans can be exposed, it is more appropriate to call an exercise test exactly that and not a “stress test.” This is particularly relevant considering the increased use of nonexercise stress tests. ### Types of Exercise Three types of muscular contraction or exercise can be applied as a stress to the cardiovascular system: isometric (static), isotonic (dynamic or locomotory), and resistance (a combination of isometric and isotonic).4,5 Isotonic exercise, which is defined as a muscular contraction resulting in movement, primarily provides a volume load to the left ventricle, and the response is proportional to the size of the working muscle mass and the intensity of exercise. Isometric exercise is defined as a muscular contraction without movement (eg, handgrip) and imposes greater pressure than volume …

How many steps/day are enough? Preliminary pedometer indices for public health.

Abstract: readily being used by researchers and practitioners to assess and motivate physical activity behaviours. Pedometer-determined physical activity indices are needed to guide their efforts. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the rationale and evidence for general pedometer-based indices for research and practice purposes. Specifically, we evaluate popular recommendations for steps/day and attempt to translate existing physical activity guidelines into steps/day equivalents. Also, we appraise the fragmented evidence currently available from associations derived from cross-sectional studies and a limited number of interventions that have documented improvements (primarily in body composition and/or blood pressure) with increased steps/day. A value of 10 000 steps/day is gaining popularity with the media and in practice and can be traced to Japanese walking clubs and a business slogan 30+ years ago. 10 000 steps/day appears to be a reasonable estimate of daily activity for apparently healthy adults and studies are emerging documenting the health benefits of attaining similar levels. Preliminary evidence suggests that a goal of 10 000 steps/day may not be sustainable for some groups, including older adults and those living with chronic diseases. Another concern about using 10 000 steps/ day as a universal step goal is that it is probably too low for children, an important target population in the war against obesity. Other approaches to pedometer-determined physical activity recommendations that are showing promise of health benefit and individual sustainability have been based on incremental improvements relative to baseline values. Based on currently available evidence, we propose the following preliminary indices be used to classify pedometer-determined physical activity in healthy adults: (i) 12 500 steps/day are likely to be classified as ‘highly active’.

Beyond body mass index

Abstract: Body mass index (BMI) is the cornerstone of the current classification system for obesity and its advantages are widely exploited across disciplines ranging from international surveillance to individual patient assessment. However, like all anthropometric measurements, it is only a surrogate measure of body fatness. Obesity is defined as an excess accumulation of body fat, and it is the amount of this excess fat that correlates with ill-health. We propose therefore that much greater attention should be paid to the development of databases and standards based on the direct measurement of body fat in populations, rather than on surrogate measures. In support of this argument we illustrate a wide range of conditions in which surrogate anthropometric measures (especially BMI) provide misleading information about body fat content. These include: infancy and childhood; ageing; racial differences; athletes; military and civil forces personnel; weight loss with and without exercise; physical training; and special clinical circumstances. We argue that BMI continues to serve well for many purposes, but that the time is now right to initiate a gradual evolution beyond BMI towards standards based on actual measurements of body fat mass.

Metabolic equivalents (METS) in exercise testing, exercise prescription, and evaluation of functional capacity

Abstract: One metabolic equivalent (MET) is defined as the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest and is equal to 3.5 ml O2 per kg body weight x min. The MET concept represents a simple, practical, and easily understood procedure for expressing the energy cost of physical activities as a multiple of the resting metabolic rate. The energy cost of an activity can be determined by dividing the relative oxygen cost of the activity (ml O2/kg/min) x by 3.5. This article summarizes and presents energy expenditure values for numerous household and recreational activities in both METS and watts units. Also, the intensity levels (in METS) for selected exercise protocols are compared stage by stage. In spite of its limitations, the MET concept provides a convenient method to describe the functional capacity or exercise tolerance of an individual as determined from progressive exercise testing and to define a repertoire of physical activities in which a person may participate safely, without exceeding a prescribed intensity level.