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Victor Zaibert

Bio: Victor Zaibert is an academic researcher from Al-Farabi University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Domestication & Steppe. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 7 publications receiving 799 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
06 Mar 2009-Science
TL;DR: Three independent lines of evidence demonstrating domestication in the Eneolithic Botai Culture of Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 B.C.E. are presented.
Abstract: Horse domestication revolutionized transport, communications, and warfare in prehistory, yet the identification of early domestication processes has been problematic. Here, we present three independent lines of evidence demonstrating domestication in the Eneolithic Botai Culture of Kazakhstan, dating to about 3500 B.C.E. Metrical analysis of horse metacarpals shows that Botai horses resemble Bronze Age domestic horses rather than Paleolithic wild horses from the same region. Pathological characteristics indicate that some Botai horses were bridled, perhaps ridden. Organic residue analysis, using delta13C and deltaD values of fatty acids, reveals processing of mare's milk and carcass products in ceramics, indicating a developed domestic economy encompassing secondary products.

495 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 Jun 2018-Science
TL;DR: Analysis of ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia shows that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya, and suggests distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after, but not at the time of, YamNaya culture.
Abstract: The Yamnaya expansions from the western steppe into Europe and Asia during the Early Bronze Age (~3000 BCE) are believed to have brought with them Indo-European languages and possibly horse husbandry. We analyze 74 ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia and show that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya. Our results also suggest distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after but not at the time of Yamnaya culture. We find no evidence of steppe ancestry in Bronze Age Anatolia from when Indo-European languages are attested there. Thus, in contrast to Europe, Early Bronze Age Yamnaya-related migrations had limited direct genetic impact in Asia.

273 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Antoine Fages1, Antoine Fages2, Kristian Hanghøj2, Kristian Hanghøj1, Naveed Khan2, Naveed Khan3, Charleen Gaunitz2, Andaine Seguin-Orlando2, Andaine Seguin-Orlando1, Michela Leonardi4, Michela Leonardi2, Christian McCrory Constantz5, Christian McCrory Constantz2, Cristina Gamba2, Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid6, Silvia Albizuri7, Ahmed H. Alfarhan6, Morten E. Allentoft2, Saleh A. Alquraishi6, David W. Anthony8, Nurbol Baimukhanov, James H. Barrett9, Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan, Norbert Benecke10, Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez, Luis Berrocal-Rangel11, Fereidoun Biglari, Sanne Boessenkool12, Bazartseren Boldgiv13, Gottfried Brem14, Dorcas Brown8, Joachim Burger15, Eric Crubézy1, Linas Daugnora, Hossein Davoudi16, Peter Barros de Damgaard2, María los Ángeles Chorro y de de de Villa-Ceballos17, Sabine Deschler-Erb, Cleia Detry18, Nadine Dill, Maria do Mar Oom18, Anna Dohr19, Sturla Ellingvåg, Diimaajav Erdenebaatar, Homa Fathi20, Sabine Felkel14, Carlos Fernández-Rodríguez21, Esteban García-Viñas22, Mietje Germonpré23, José D. Granado, Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson24, Helmut Hemmer15, Michael Hofreiter25, Aleksei Kasparov26, Mutalib Khasanov, Roya Khazaeli20, Pavel A. Kosintsev26, Kristian Kristiansen27, Tabaldiev Kubatbek, Lukas F. K. Kuderna28, Pavel Kuznetsov29, Haeedeh Laleh20, Jennifer A. Leonard17, Johanna Lhuillier, Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck11, Andrey Logvin, Lembi Lõugas30, Arne Ludwig31, Arne Ludwig32, Cristina Luís18, Cristina Luís33, Ana Margarida Arruda18, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Raquel Matoso Silva33, Victor Merz, Enkhbayar Mijiddorj, Bryan K. Miller34, Oleg Monchalov29, Fatemeh Azadeh Mohaseb20, Fatemeh Azadeh Mohaseb35, Arturo Morales11, Ariadna Nieto-Espinet17, Heidi Nistelberger12, Vedat Onar36, Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir24, Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir12, Vladimir V. Pitulko26, Konstantin Pitskhelauri37, Mélanie Pruvost38, Petra Rajic Sikanjic, Anita Rapan Papeša, Natalia Roslyakova29, Alireza Sardari39, Eberhard Sauer40, Renate Schafberg41, Amelie Scheu15, Jörg Schibler, Angela Schlumbaum, Nathalie Serrand35, Aitor Serres-Armero28, Beth Shapiro42, Shiva Sheikhi Seno35, Shiva Sheikhi Seno20, Irina Shevnina, Sonia Shidrang43, John Southon44, Bastiaan Star12, Naomi Sykes45, Naomi Sykes46, Kamal Taheri, William Timothy Treal Taylor47, Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen19, Tajana Trbojević Vukičević48, Simon Trixl19, Dashzeveg Tumen13, Sainbileg Undrakhbold13, Emma Usmanova49, Ali A. Vahdati39, Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas17, Catarina Viegas18, Barbara Wallner14, Jaco Weinstock50, Victor Zaibert51, Benoît Clavel35, Sébastien Lepetz35, Marjan Mashkour20, Marjan Mashkour35, Agnar Helgason52, Kari Stefansson52, Eric Barrey53, Eske Willerslev2, Alan K. Outram46, Pablo Librado2, Pablo Librado1, Ludovic Orlando1, Ludovic Orlando2 
Paul Sabatier University1, University of Copenhagen2, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan3, University of Cambridge4, Stanford University5, King Saud University6, University of Barcelona7, Hartwick College8, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research9, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut10, Autonomous University of Madrid11, University of Oslo12, National University of Mongolia13, University of Vienna14, University of Mainz15, Tarbiat Modares University16, Spanish National Research Council17, University of Lisbon18, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich19, University of Tehran20, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras21, Pablo de Olavide University22, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences23, Agricultural University of Iceland24, University of Potsdam25, Russian Academy of Sciences26, University of Gothenburg27, Pompeu Fabra University28, Samara State University29, Tallinn University30, Leibniz Association31, Humboldt University of Berlin32, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon33, University of Oxford34, Centre national de la recherche scientifique35, Istanbul University36, Tbilisi State University37, University of Bordeaux38, Indian Council of Agricultural Research39, University of Edinburgh40, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg41, University of California, Santa Cruz42, University of Kashan43, University of California, Irvine44, University of Nottingham45, University of Exeter46, Max Planck Society47, University of Zagreb48, Karagandy State University49, University of Southampton50, Al-Farabi University51, deCODE genetics52, Université Paris-Saclay53
30 May 2019-Cell
TL;DR: This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations and finds that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, and the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management.

174 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Genome-wide data for 763 individuals from inner Eurasia reveal 3 admixture clines in present-day populations that mirror geography, illuminating the historic spread and mixture of peoples across the Eurasian steppe, taiga and tundra.
Abstract: The indigenous populations of inner Eurasia—a huge geographic region covering the central Eurasian steppe and the northern Eurasian taiga and tundra—harbour tremendous diversity in their genes, cultures and languages. In this study, we report novel genome-wide data for 763 individuals from Armenia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. We furthermore report additional damage-reduced genome-wide data of two previously published individuals from the Eneolithic Botai culture in Kazakhstan (~5,400 bp). We find that present-day inner Eurasian populations are structured into three distinct admixture clines stretching between various western and eastern Eurasian ancestries, mirroring geography. The Botai and more recent ancient genomes from Siberia show a decrease in contributions from so-called ‘ancient North Eurasian’ ancestry over time, which is detectable only in the northern-most ‘forest-tundra’ cline. The intermediate ‘steppe-forest’ cline descends from the Late Bronze Age steppe ancestries, while the ‘southern steppe’ cline further to the south shows a strong West/South Asian influence. Ancient genomes suggest a northward spread of the southern steppe cline in Central Asia during the first millennium bc. Finally, the genetic structure of Caucasus populations highlights a role of the Caucasus Mountains as a barrier to gene flow and suggests a post-Neolithic gene flow into North Caucasus populations from the steppe. Genome-wide data for 763 individuals from inner Eurasia reveal 3 admixture clines in present-day populations that mirror geography, illuminating the historic spread and mixture of peoples across the Eurasian steppe, taiga and tundra.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Sep 2021-Nature
TL;DR: This article used proteomic analysis of dental calculus from individuals from the western Eurasian steppe to demonstrate a major transition in dairying at the start of the Bronze Age, and found evidence for horse domestication by the third millennium bc.
Abstract: During the Early Bronze Age, populations of the western Eurasian steppe expanded across an immense area of northern Eurasia. Combined archaeological and genetic evidence supports widespread Early Bronze Age population movements out of the Pontic–Caspian steppe that resulted in gene flow across vast distances, linking populations of Yamnaya pastoralists in Scandinavia with pastoral populations (known as the Afanasievo) far to the east in the Altai Mountains1,2 and Mongolia3. Although some models hold that this expansion was the outcome of a newly mobile pastoral economy characterized by horse traction, bulk wagon transport4–6 and regular dietary dependence on meat and milk5, hard evidence for these economic features has not been found. Here we draw on proteomic analysis of dental calculus from individuals from the western Eurasian steppe to demonstrate a major transition in dairying at the start of the Bronze Age. The rapid onset of ubiquitous dairying at a point in time when steppe populations are known to have begun dispersing offers critical insight into a key catalyst of steppe mobility. The identification of horse milk proteins also indicates horse domestication by the Early Bronze Age, which provides support for its role in steppe dispersals. Our results point to a potential epicentre for horse domestication in the Pontic–Caspian steppe by the third millennium bc, and offer strong support for the notion that the novel exploitation of secondary animal products was a key driver of the expansions of Eurasian steppe pastoralists by the Early Bronze Age. Analysis of ancient proteins suggests that Early Bronze Age dairying and horse domestication catalysed eastern Yamnaya migrations.

32 citations


Cited by
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Proceedings Article
27 Aug 1984

954 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that although recent progress has been impressive, the next decade will yield even more substantial insights not only into how domestication took place, but also when and where it did, and where and why it did not.
Abstract: It is difficult to overstate the cultural and biological impacts that the domestication of plants and animals has had on our species. Fundamental questions regarding where, when, and how many times domestication took place have been of primary interest within a wide range of academic disciplines. Within the last two decades, the advent of new archaeological and genetic techniques has revolutionized our understanding of the pattern and process of domestication and agricultural origins that led to our modern way of life. In the spring of 2011, 25 scholars with a central interest in domestication representing the fields of genetics, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, geoarchaeology, and archaeology met at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center to discuss recent domestication research progress and identify challenges for the future. In this introduction to the resulting Special Feature, we present the state of the art in the field by discussing what is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of domestication, and controversies surrounding the speed, intentionality, and evolutionary aspects of the domestication process. We then highlight three key challenges for future research. We conclude by arguing that although recent progress has been impressive, the next decade will yield even more substantial insights not only into how domestication took place, but also when and where it did, and where and why it did not.

555 citations

Iosif Lazaridis1, Iosif Lazaridis2, Nick Patterson2, Alissa Mittnik3, Gabriel Renaud4, Swapan Mallick2, Swapan Mallick1, Karola Kirsanow5, Peter H. Sudmant6, Joshua G. Schraiber6, Joshua G. Schraiber7, Sergi Castellano4, Mark Lipson8, Bonnie Berger2, Bonnie Berger8, Christos Economou9, Ruth Bollongino5, Qiaomei Fu4, Kirsten I. Bos3, Susanne Nordenfelt1, Susanne Nordenfelt2, Heng Li2, Heng Li1, Cesare de Filippo4, Kay Prüfer4, Susanna Sawyer4, Cosimo Posth3, Wolfgang Haak10, Fredrik Hallgren11, Elin Fornander11, Nadin Rohland1, Nadin Rohland2, Dominique Delsate12, Michael Francken3, Jean-Michel Guinet12, Joachim Wahl, George Ayodo, Hamza A. Babiker13, Hamza A. Babiker14, Graciela Bailliet, Elena Balanovska, Oleg Balanovsky, Ramiro Barrantes15, Gabriel Bedoya16, Haim Ben-Ami17, Judit Bene18, Fouad Berrada19, Claudio M. Bravi, Francesca Brisighelli20, George B.J. Busby21, Francesco Calì, Mikhail Churnosov22, David E. C. Cole23, Daniel Corach24, Larissa Damba, George van Driem25, Stanislav Dryomov26, Jean-Michel Dugoujon27, Sardana A. Fedorova28, Irene Gallego Romero29, Marina Gubina, Michael F. Hammer30, Brenna M. Henn31, Tor Hervig32, Ugur Hodoglugil33, Aashish R. Jha29, Sena Karachanak-Yankova34, Rita Khusainova35, Elza Khusnutdinova35, Rick A. Kittles30, Toomas Kivisild36, William Klitz7, Vaidutis Kučinskas37, Alena Kushniarevich38, Leila Laredj39, Sergey Litvinov38, Theologos Loukidis40, Theologos Loukidis41, Robert W. Mahley42, Béla Melegh18, Ene Metspalu43, Julio Molina, Joanna L. Mountain, Klemetti Näkkäläjärvi44, Desislava Nesheva34, Thomas B. Nyambo45, Ludmila P. Osipova, Jüri Parik43, Fedor Platonov28, Olga L. Posukh, Valentino Romano46, Francisco Rothhammer47, Francisco Rothhammer48, Igor Rudan13, Ruslan Ruizbakiev49, Hovhannes Sahakyan50, Hovhannes Sahakyan38, Antti Sajantila51, Antonio Salas52, Elena B. Starikovskaya26, Ayele Tarekegn, Draga Toncheva34, Shahlo Turdikulova49, Ingrida Uktveryte37, Olga Utevska53, René Vasquez54, Mercedes Villena54, Mikhail Voevoda55, Cheryl A. Winkler56, Levon Yepiskoposyan50, Pierre Zalloua1, Pierre Zalloua57, Tatijana Zemunik58, Alan Cooper10, Cristian Capelli21, Mark G. Thomas40, Andres Ruiz-Linares40, Sarah A. Tishkoff59, Lalji Singh60, Kumarasamy Thangaraj61, Richard Villems43, Richard Villems38, Richard Villems62, David Comas63, Rem I. Sukernik26, Mait Metspalu38, Matthias Meyer4, Evan E. Eichler6, Joachim Burger5, Montgomery Slatkin7, Svante Pääbo4, Janet Kelso4, David Reich2, David Reich1, David Reich64, Johannes Krause3, Johannes Krause4 
Harvard University1, Broad Institute2, University of Tübingen3, Max Planck Society4, University of Mainz5, University of Washington6, University of California, Berkeley7, Massachusetts Institute of Technology8, Stockholm University9, University of Adelaide10, The Heritage Foundation11, National Museum of Natural History12, University of Edinburgh13, Sultan Qaboos University14, University of Costa Rica15, University of Antioquia16, Rambam Health Care Campus17, University of Pécs18, Al Akhawayn University19, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart20, University of Oxford21, Belgorod State University22, University of Toronto23, University of Buenos Aires24, University of Bern25, Russian Academy of Sciences26, Paul Sabatier University27, North-Eastern Federal University28, University of Chicago29, University of Arizona30, Stony Brook University31, University of Bergen32, Illumina33, Sofia Medical University34, Bashkir State University35, University of Cambridge36, Vilnius University37, Estonian Biocentre38, University of Strasbourg39, University College London40, Amgen41, Gladstone Institutes42, University of Tartu43, University of Oulu44, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences45, University of Palermo46, University of Tarapacá47, University of Chile48, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan49, Armenian National Academy of Sciences50, University of North Texas51, University of Santiago de Compostela52, University of Kharkiv53, Higher University of San Andrés54, Novosibirsk State University55, Leidos56, Lebanese American University57, University of Split58, University of Pennsylvania59, Banaras Hindu University60, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology61, Estonian Academy of Sciences62, Pompeu Fabra University63, Howard Hughes Medical Institute64
01 Sep 2014
TL;DR: The authors showed that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians, who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunters-gatherer related ancestry.
Abstract: We sequenced the genomes of a ∼7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight ∼8,000-year-old hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other ancient genomes with 2,345 contemporary humans to show that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, who contributed ancestry to all Europeans but not to Near Easterners; ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians, who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunter-gatherer related ancestry. We model these populations' deep relationships and show that early European farmers had ∼44% ancestry from a 'basal Eurasian' population that split before the diversification of other non-African lineages.

442 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Vagheesh M. Narasimhan1, Nick Patterson2, Nick Patterson3, Priya Moorjani4, Nadin Rohland1, Nadin Rohland3, Rebecca Bernardos1, Swapan Mallick1, Swapan Mallick3, Swapan Mallick5, Iosif Lazaridis1, Nathan Nakatsuka1, Nathan Nakatsuka6, Iñigo Olalde1, Mark Lipson1, Alexander M. Kim1, Luca M. Olivieri, Alfredo Coppa7, Massimo Vidale8, James Mallory9, Vyacheslav Moiseyev10, Egor Kitov11, Egor Kitov10, Janet Monge12, Nicole Adamski5, Nicole Adamski1, Neel Alex4, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht1, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht5, Francesca Candilio13, Kimberly Callan5, Kimberly Callan1, Olivia Cheronet13, Olivia Cheronet14, Brendan J. Culleton15, Matthew Ferry5, Matthew Ferry1, Daniel Fernandes, Suzanne Freilich14, Beatriz Gamarra13, Daniel Gaudio13, Mateja Hajdinjak16, Eadaoin Harney5, Eadaoin Harney1, Thomas K. Harper15, Denise Keating13, Ann Marie Lawson1, Ann Marie Lawson5, Matthew Mah3, Matthew Mah5, Matthew Mah1, Kirsten Mandl14, Megan Michel1, Megan Michel5, Mario Novak13, Jonas Oppenheimer5, Jonas Oppenheimer1, Niraj Rai17, Niraj Rai18, Kendra Sirak1, Kendra Sirak19, Kendra Sirak13, Viviane Slon16, Kristin Stewardson5, Kristin Stewardson1, Fatma Zalzala5, Fatma Zalzala1, Zhao Zhang1, Gaziz Akhatov, Anatoly N. Bagashev, Alessandra Bagnera, Bauryzhan Baitanayev, Julio Bendezu-Sarmiento20, Arman A. Bissembaev, Gian Luca Bonora, T Chargynov21, T. A. Chikisheva10, Petr K. Dashkovskiy22, Anatoly P. Derevianko10, Miroslav Dobeš23, Katerina Douka16, Katerina Douka24, Nadezhda Dubova10, Meiram N. Duisengali, Dmitry Enshin, Andrey Epimakhov25, Alexey Fribus26, Dorian Q. Fuller27, Dorian Q. Fuller28, Alexander Goryachev, Andrey Gromov10, S. P. Grushin22, Bryan Hanks29, Margaret A. Judd29, Erlan Kazizov, Aleksander Khokhlov30, Aleksander P. Krygin, Elena Kupriyanova31, Pavel Kuznetsov30, Donata Luiselli32, Farhod Maksudov33, Aslan M. Mamedov, Talgat B. Mamirov, Christopher Meiklejohn34, Deborah C. Merrett35, Roberto Micheli, Oleg Mochalov30, Samariddin Mustafokulov33, Ayushi Nayak16, Davide Pettener32, Richard Potts36, Dmitry Razhev, Marina Petrovna Rykun37, Stefania Sarno32, Tatyana M. Savenkova, Kulyan Sikhymbaeva, Sergey Mikhailovich Slepchenko, Oroz A. Soltobaev21, Nadezhda Stepanova10, Svetlana V. Svyatko9, Svetlana V. Svyatko10, Kubatbek Tabaldiev, Maria Teschler-Nicola38, Maria Teschler-Nicola14, Alexey A. Tishkin22, Vitaly V. Tkachev, Sergey Vasilyev10, Petr Velemínský39, Dmitriy Voyakin, Antonina Yermolayeva, Muhammad Zahir40, Muhammad Zahir16, Valery S. Zubkov, A. V. Zubova10, Vasant Shinde41, Carles Lalueza-Fox42, Matthias Meyer16, David W. Anthony43, Nicole Boivin16, Kumarasamy Thangaraj17, Douglas J. Kennett44, Douglas J. Kennett15, Michael D. Frachetti45, Ron Pinhasi14, Ron Pinhasi13, David Reich 
06 Sep 2019-Science
TL;DR: It is shown that Steppe ancestry then integrated further south in the first half of the second millennium BCE, contributing up to 30% of the ancestry of modern groups in South Asia, supporting the idea that the archaeologically documented dispersal of domesticates was accompanied by the spread of people from multiple centers of domestication.
Abstract: By sequencing 523 ancient humans, we show that the primary source of ancestry in modern South Asians is a prehistoric genetic gradient between people related to early hunter-gatherers of Iran and Southeast Asia. After the Indus Valley Civilization's decline, its people mixed with individuals in the southeast to form one of the two main ancestral populations of South Asia, whose direct descendants live in southern India. Simultaneously, they mixed with descendants of Steppe pastoralists who, starting around 4000 years ago, spread via Central Asia to form the other main ancestral population. The Steppe ancestry in South Asia has the same profile as that in Bronze Age Eastern Europe, tracking a movement of people that affected both regions and that likely spread the distinctive features shared between Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic languages.

354 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a new archaeological synthesis concerning the earliest formation of mobile pastoralist economies across central Eurasia, arguing that Eurasian steppe pastoralism developed along distinct local trajectories in the western, central, and (south)eastern steppe, sparking the development of regional networks of interaction in the late fourth and third millennia BC.
Abstract: In this article I present a new archaeological synthesis concerning the earliest formation of mobile pastoralist economies across central Eurasia. I argue that Eurasian steppe pastoralism developed along distinct local trajectories in the western, central, and (south)eastern steppe, sparking the development of regional networks of interaction in the late fourth and third millennia BC. The “Inner Asian Mountain Corridor” exemplifies the relationship between such incipient regional networks and the process of economic change in the eastern steppe territory. The diverse regional innovations, technologies, and ideologies evident across Eurasia in the mid-third millennium BC are cast as the building blocks of a unique political economy shaped by “nonuniform” institutional alignments among steppe populations throughout the second millennium BC. This theoretical model illustrates how regional channels of interaction between distinct societies positioned Eurasian mobile pastoralists as key players in wide-scale i...

306 citations