Author
Vidar Schei
Bio: Vidar Schei is an academic researcher from Norwegian School of Economics. The author has contributed to research in topics: Psychology & Psychological intervention. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 41 publications receiving 2002 citations.
Papers
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University of Maryland, College Park1, Queen's University2, Cornell University3, University of Minnesota4, Nanyang Technological University5, McKinsey & Company6, Koç University7, Jacobs University Bremen8, University of Minho9, The Chinese University of Hong Kong10, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad11, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru12, University of Valencia13, Johannes Kepler University of Linz14, Victoria University of Wellington15, Hungarian Academy of Sciences16, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens17, La Trobe University18, University of Melbourne19, Sungkyunkwan University20, ESSEC Business School21, University of San Diego22, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven23, University of Patras24, Human Sciences Research Council25, ODESSA26, University of Tartu27, Norwegian School of Economics28, University of Koblenz and Landau29, University of Sussex30, University of Sindh31, Gakushuin University32, University of Groningen33, University of Tokyo34
TL;DR: The differences across cultures in the enforcement of conformity may reflect their specific histories and advances knowledge that can foster cross-cultural understanding in a world of increasing global interdependence and has implications for modeling cultural change.
Abstract: With data from 33 nations, we illustrate the differences between cultures that are tight (have many strong norms and a low tolerance of deviant behavior) versus loose (have weak social norms and a high tolerance of deviant behavior). Tightness-looseness is part of a complex, loosely integrated multilevel system that comprises distal ecological and historical threats (e.g., high population density, resource scarcity, a history of territorial conflict, and disease and environmental threats), broad versus narrow socialization in societal institutions (e.g., autocracy, media regulations), the strength of everyday recurring situations, and micro-level psychological affordances (e.g., prevention self-guides, high regulatory strength, need for structure). This research advances knowledge that can foster cross-cultural understanding in a world of increasing global interdependence and has implications for modeling cultural change.
1,895 citations
Duke University1, University of Western Ontario2, University of Virginia3, University of Grenoble4, Tufts University5, University of Arkansas6, Pacific Lutheran University7, Northern Illinois University8, Florida International University9, Åbo Akademi University10, Nicholls State University11, Coventry University12, Max Planck Society13, McGill University14, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus15, Texas Tech University16, University of California, Santa Barbara17, Eötvös Loránd University18, Ashland University19, Saint Joseph's University20, Franklin & Marshall College21, University of St Andrews22, University of Cambridge23, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University24, University of Poitiers25, Centre national de la recherche scientifique26, Michigan State University27, University of Tennessee28, Grand Valley State University29, University of Queensland30, Vilnius University31, Yale University32, Rutgers University33, University of California, Riverside34, Vanderbilt University35, Wilfrid Laurier University36, Humboldt State University37, Tilburg University38, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik39, Dresden University of Technology40, Lund University41, Massachusetts Institute of Technology42, University of Sydney43, Occidental College44, Willamette University45, University of Vienna46, Queensland University of Technology47, Üsküdar University48, University of Prešov49, University of Toronto50, University of Dundee51, Norwegian School of Economics52, Southern Illinois University Carbondale53, University of Essex54, University of Southern Indiana55, University of Health Sciences Antigua56, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign57, Queen's University Belfast58, University of Oslo59, Autonomous University of Madrid60, University of São Paulo61, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven62, University of Geneva63, University of Groningen64, University of Padua65, Abertay University66, Montclair State University67, McDaniel College68, Tzu Chi University69, University of Glasgow70, University of Santiago, Chile71, Humboldt University of Berlin72, Eindhoven University of Technology73, Ege University74, University of Wisconsin–Stout75, Adolfo Ibáñez University76, University of the Philippines Diliman77
TL;DR: The Psychological Science Accelerator is a distributed network of laboratories designed to enable and support crowdsourced research projects that will advance understanding of mental processes and behaviors by enabling rigorous research and systematic examination of its generalizability.
Abstract: Concerns about the veracity of psychological research have been growing. Many findings in psychological science are based on studies with insufficient statistical power and nonrepresentative samples, or may otherwise be limited to specific, ungeneralizable settings or populations. Crowdsourced research, a type of large-scale collaboration in which one or more research projects are conducted across multiple lab sites, offers a pragmatic solution to these and other current methodological challenges. The Psychological Science Accelerator (PSA) is a distributed network of laboratories designed to enable and support crowdsourced research projects. These projects can focus on novel research questions or replicate prior research in large, diverse samples. The PSA’s mission is to accelerate the accumulation of reliable and generalizable evidence in psychological science. Here, we describe the background, structure, principles, procedures, benefits, and challenges of the PSA. In contrast to other crowdsourced research networks, the PSA is ongoing (as opposed to time limited), efficient (in that structures and principles are reused for different projects), decentralized, diverse (in both subjects and researchers), and inclusive (of proposals, contributions, and other relevant input from anyone inside or outside the network). The PSA and other approaches to crowdsourced psychological science will advance understanding of mental processes and behaviors by enabling rigorous research and systematic examination of its generalizability.
180 citations
Babeș-Bolyai University1, University of Vienna2, Tilburg University3, University of Cologne4, Bar-Ilan University5, Queensland University of Technology6, University of Queensland7, University of East Anglia8, American University in Cairo9, University of Murcia10, Dokuz Eylül University11, University of Turku12, Berlin School of Economics and Law13, National Research University – Higher School of Economics14, University of Malta15, University of Limerick16, University of Pretoria17, East China Normal University18, University of Nottingham19, Lahore University of Management Sciences20, Kochi University of Technology21, University of Fribourg22, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens23, University of Warsaw24, ESCP Europe25, University of East London26, Chiang Mai University27, University of Iceland28, Royal Thimphu College29, Dongguk University30, National Center for Public Policy Research31, University of Eastern Finland32, University of Gothenburg33, Uppsala University34, Eötvös Loránd University35, University of Debrecen36, Academy of Athens37, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne38, Mackenzie Presbyterian University39, University of Tehran40, University of Trento41, Norwegian School of Economics42, University of Leeds43, Bridgewater State University44, National University of Colombia45, University of Cape Town46, University of Hong Kong47, University of Guelph48, Mykolas Romeris University49
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that trust in authorities and power of authorities, as defined in the slippery slope framework, increase tax compliance intentions and mitigate intended tax evasion across societies that differ in economic, sociodemographic, political, and cultural backgrounds.
83 citations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill1, FernUniversität Hagen2, University of Maryland, College Park3, Yale University4, University of Otago5, Victoria University of Wellington6, Norwegian School of Economics7, Jacobs University Bremen8, National Research University – Higher School of Economics9, Hungarian Academy of Sciences10, Eötvös Loránd University11, J. Mack Robinson College of Business12, University of Amsterdam13, Johannes Kepler University of Linz14
TL;DR: It is suggested that cultures grow more prejudiced when they tighten cultural norms in response to destabilizing ecological threats, and that tightness predicts why prejudice is often highest in areas of the world with histories of ecological threat.
Abstract: Prejudiced attitudes and political nationalism vary widely around the world, but there has been little research on what predicts this variation. Here we examine the ecological and cultural factors underlying the worldwide distribution of prejudice. We suggest that cultures grow more prejudiced when they tighten cultural norms in response to destabilizing ecological threats. A set of seven archival analyses, surveys, and experiments (∑N = 3,986,402) find that nations, American states, and pre-industrial societies with tighter cultural norms show the most prejudice based on skin color, religion, nationality, and sexuality, and that tightness predicts why prejudice is often highest in areas of the world with histories of ecological threat. People's support for cultural tightness also mediates the link between perceived ecological threat and intentions to vote for nationalist politicians. Results replicate when controlling for economic development, inequality, conservatism, residential mobility, and shared cultural heritage. These findings offer a cultural evolutionary perspective on prejudice, with implications for immigration, intercultural conflict, and radicalization.
81 citations
TL;DR: Cultural intelligence (CQ), the capability by which expatriates, managers, and others involved in cross-cultural interactions function effectively in a globalized world, was introduced in 2002 and has garnered wide attention recently as discussed by the authors.
76 citations
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。
18,940 citations
New York University1, University of Chicago2, Mackenzie Presbyterian University3, Middlesex University4, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń5, University of Kent6, Harvard University7, Yale University8, Stanford University9, Northwestern University10, University of Sussex11, Utrecht University12, University of California, San Diego13, University of Maryland, College Park14, McGovern Institute for Brain Research15, University of Queensland16, University of Michigan17, California Institute of Technology18, Lehigh University19, University of Regina20, University of Oregon21, Ohio State University22, Massachusetts Institute of Technology23, University of St Andrews24, University of Cambridge25, University of British Columbia26, University of Illinois at Chicago27, University of California, Berkeley28, Carleton University29, VU University Amsterdam30, Cornell University31
TL;DR: Evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics is discussed, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive global health crisis. Because the crisis requires large-scale behaviour change and places significant psychological burdens on individuals, insights from the social and behavioural sciences can be used to help align human behaviour with the recommendations of epidemiologists and public health experts. Here we discuss evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping. In each section, we note the nature and quality of prior research, including uncertainty and unsettled issues. We identify several insights for effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight important gaps researchers should move quickly to fill in the coming weeks and months.
3,223 citations
TL;DR: It is indicated that upon attack by a fungal root pathogen, plants can exploit microbial consortia from soil for protection against infections.
Abstract: Disease-suppressive soils are exceptional ecosystems in which crop plants suffer less from specific soil-borne pathogens than expected owing to the activities of other soil microorganisms. For most disease-suppressive soils, the microbes and mechanisms involved in pathogen control are unknown. By coupling PhyloChip-based metagenomics of the rhizosphere microbiome with culture-dependent functional analyses, we identified key bacterial taxa and genes involved in suppression of a fungal root pathogen. More than 33,000 bacterial and archaeal species were detected, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria consistently associated with disease suppression. Members of the γ-Proteobacteria were shown to have disease-suppressive activity governed by nonribosomal peptide synthetases. Our data indicate that upon attack by a fungal root pathogen, plants can exploit microbial consortia from soil for protection against infections.
1,948 citations