Low temperature combustion (LTC) is a recent engine technology that can reduce the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and soot emissions simultaneously while maintaining higher thermal efficiency. The present review work investigates the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of LTC mode engines. Partially premixed LTC (PPLTC), homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) and reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) modes are researched under LTC mode. In recent decades, different engine strategies have been employed to reduce exhaust emissions and to enhance thermal efficiency. Exhaust gas recirculation, variable valve timing (VVT), advanced fuel injection technologies are adapted to achieve LTC mode in internal combustion (IC) engines to get improved outcomes. This review highlights the properties of fuels, fuel supply systems, valve actuation mechanisms, engine operating conditions and its effects on the engine characteristics. This review provides a perspective plan to the researchers for enhancing the performance, emission and combustion behavior of an engine by using LTC mode with lower NOx and soot emissions. Among LTC mode engines, RCCI mode engine operates well in 60% load, 60% premixed ratio, 35:1 air-fuel ratio and 56% brake thermal efficiency within the combustion phasing control.

A review on low temperature combustion engines: Performance, combustion and emission characteristics

A compressive review on the effects of alcohols and nanoparticles as an oxygenated enhancer in compression ignition engine

Optimal immobilization of Trichoderma asperellum laccase on polymer coated Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced biohydrogen production from delignified lignocellulosic biomass

Enabling low-carbon emissions for sustainable development in Asia and beyond

Experimental investigation on the application of preheated fish oil ethyl ester as a fuel in diesel engine

Rapid depletion of fossil fuels and stringent emission regulations compel the scientific community to search for alternative energy sources for the internal combustion engines Among many alternative biofuels, ethanol is getting worldwide attention for compression ignition engine either in the form of partial substitute or complete replacement for diesel fuel Ethanol fuel has certain undesirable properties like poor flammability limit which results in cold starting issues and higher hydrocarbon emission which restricts their use in compression ignition engine This issue can be easily overcome by preheating of ethanol fuel before it gets admitted inside the engine cylinder In the present study, a standard preheating device is designed and fabricated in accordance with engine specifications and simulations were carried out under various operating conditions to evaluate its performance Furthermore, experimental investigations were carried out in a compression ignition engine fueled with ethanol blends of 20 and 30% with diesel by volume and the fuel blends were preheated using burned exhaust gases In addition, a comparative study has been carried out for preheated and non-preheated blends of E20 (20% of ethanol and 80% of diesel) and E30 with baseline diesel The experimental results show that the preheated E20 (20% of ethanol and 80% of diesel) blend has higher brake thermal efficiency of 3628% with a significant reduction in brake specific fuel consumption when compared with all the other blends Moreover, the preheated E20 blend reduces the carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and smoke emissions by 49, 48 and 10%, respectively However, the NOx emission is increased by 6% as compared to the non-preheating effect It is also noted that the preheating of ethanol blends produced better combustion results with a significant reduction in the ignition delay period Hence, it can be concluded that the ethanol fuel can be effectively used in a diesel engine by means of preheating using exhaust gases and could be a viable option for diesel engine applications

Study on the effect of exhaust gas-based fuel preheating device on ethanol–diesel blends operation in a compression ignition engine

Biodiesel is identified as a likely alternative fuel for Compression Ignition (CI) engines as it leads to an effective reduction in consumption of petroleum diesel, and of engine exhaust emissions....

Vignesh Varatharajan

Papers

Study on the effect of exhaust gas-based fuel preheating device on ethanol–diesel blends operation in a compression ignition engine

Performance analysis and emissions profile of cottonseed oil biodiesel–ethanol blends in a CI engine