PART 1 DEALS WITH THE DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF THE SUBJECT: MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMS SUBJECTED TO INDEPENDENT VIBRATIONS BY MEANS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS. THE ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS USED ARE NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS, HYDRODYNAMICS AND NUMERICAL METHODS. PART 2 EXAMINES SEISMIC MOVEMENTS, THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES AND THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE SEISMIC DESIGN OF STRUCTURES.

Fundamentals of earthquake engineering

http://w.daveboore.com/pubs_online/record_processing_sdee_final.pdf

Processing of strong-motion accelerograms: needs, options and consequences

Ground-motion (attenuation) relations are used to estimate strong ground motion for many engineering and seismological applications. Where strong-motion recordings are abundant, these relations are developed empirically from strong-motion recordings. Where recordings are limited, they are often developed from seismological models using stochastic and theoretical methods. However, there is a large degree of uncertainty in calculating absolute values of ground motion from seismological models in regions where data are sparse. As an alternative, I propose a hybrid empirical method that uses the ratio of stochastic or theoretical ground-motion estimates to adjust empirical ground-motion relations developed for one region to use in another region. By using empirical models as its basis, the method taps into the vast amount of observational data and expertise that has been used to develop empirical ground-motion relations in high-seismic regions such as western North America (WNA). I present a formal mathematical framework for the hybrid empirical method and apply it to the development of ground-motion relations for peak ground acceleration and acceleration response spectra in eastern North America (ENA) using empirical relations from WNA. The application accounts for differences in stress drop, source properties, crustal attenuation, regional crustal structure, and generic-rock site profiles between the two regions. The resulting hybrid empirical ground-motion relations are considered to be most appropriate for estimating ground motion on ENA hard rock with a shear-wave velocity of 2800 m/sec for earthquakes of M W ≥5.0 and r rup ≤70 km. However, it has been extended to larger distances using stochastic ground-motion estimates so that it can be used in more general engineering applications such as probabilistic seismic hazard analysis.

/pdf/prediction-of-strong-ground-motion-using-the-hybrid-3tpdoszmv1.pdf

Prediction of Strong Ground Motion Using the Hybrid Empirical Method and Its Use in the Development of Ground-Motion (Attenuation) Relations in Eastern North America

/pdf/earthquake-ground-motion-estimation-using-strong-motion-2fnqqu4f5a.pdf

Earthquake ground motion estimation using strong-motion records: a review of equations for the estimation of peak ground acceleration and response spectral ordinates

The interaction of waves with obstacles is an everyday phenomenon in science and engineering, arising for example in acoustics, electromagnetism, seismology and hydrodynamics. The mathematical theory and technology needed to understand the phenomenon is known as multiple scattering, and this book is the first devoted to the subject. The author covers a variety of techniques, describing first the single-obstacle methods and then extending them to the multiple-obstacle case. A key ingredient in many of these extensions is an appropriate addition theorem: a coherent, thorough exposition of these theorems is given, and computational and numerical issues around them are explored. The application of these methods to different types of problems is also explained; in particular, sound waves, electromagnetic radiation, waves in solids and water waves. A comprehensive bibliography of some 1400 items rounds off the book, which will be an essential reference on the topic for applied mathematicians, physicists and engineers.

Multiple Scattering: Interaction of Time-Harmonic Waves with N Obstacles

The two-dimensional scattering and diffraction of plane-state SH-waves by a circular tunnel in a homogeneous elastic half space has been analyzed. Using the series solution of the problem for a general angle of wave incidence, stresses and deformations near the tunnel have been studied. Their amplitudes have been demonstrated to be dependent upon the following parameters: the angle of incidence, ratio of the tunnel thickness to its diameter, ratio of the shear moduli of its wall to that of its surroundings, and the ratio of its depth to its diameter. The incidence angle determines the overall trends of the amplitudes. Higher frequency incident waves lead to greater complexity of the computed amplitudes. Stiffer tunnel leads to higher stresses on the outer tunnel surface. Perturbations of surface displacement amplitudes, which result from wave interference between tunnel and stress-free half-space surface, diminish with increasing depth of tunnels.

Response of Tunnels to Incident SH-Waves

Diffraction of SV waves by underground, circular, cylindrical cavities

Rocking strong earthquake accelerations

Should average shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m of soil be used to describe seismic amplification?

The transverse response of underground cylindrical cavities to incident SV waves is investigated. Analytical solutions are derived for unlined cavities embedded within an elastic half-space using Fourier–Bessel series and a convex approximation of the half-space free surface. The computed displacements at the half-space free surface and the tangential stresses on the cavity are compared with the results of previous investigations. The analytical solutions are extended to formulate approximate solutions for assessing hoop stresses within cavity liners impinged by low-frequency waves having wavelengths much longer than the cavity diameter. The approximate solutions are compared to existing numerical solutions, and used to evaluate the dynamic response of a flexible buried pipe shaken by the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The proposed approximate model for cavity liners is useful for the seismic analysis of underground pipes and small-diameter tunnels. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Vincent W. Lee

Papers

Response of Tunnels to Incident SH-Waves

Diffraction of SV waves by underground, circular, cylindrical cavities

Rocking strong earthquake accelerations

Should average shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m of soil be used to describe seismic amplification?

Transverse response of underground cavities and pipes to incident SV waves