W. E. Ibele

Abstract: Results of research on heat transfer published during the foregoing year are reviewed. The review is divided into sections dealing with following subjects: donduction, channel flow, boundary-layer flow, flow with separated regions, transfer mechanisms, natural convection, convection from rotating surfaces, combined heat and mass transfer, phase changes, radiation, liquid metals, low-density heat transfer, measurement techniques, heat-transfer applications, and thermodynamic and transport properties. A bibliography of 508 references, arranged according to the above subjects, is given. (D.L.C.)

Abstract: The present paper is intended to encompass the English language heat transfer papers published in 2003, including some translations of foreign language papers. This survey, although extensive cannot include every paper; some selection is necessary. Many papers reviewed herein relate to the science of heat transfer, including numerical, analytical and experimental works. Others relate to applications where heat transfer plays a major role not only in man-made devices, but in natural systems as well. The papers are grouped into categories and then into sub-fields within these categories. We restrict ourselves to papers published in reviewed archival journals. Besides reviewing the journal articles in the body of this paper, we also mention important conferences and meetings on heat transfer and related fields, major awards presented in 2003, and books on heat transfer published during the year.

Abstract: The present review is intended to encompass the heat transfer literature published in 2005. While of a wide-range in scope, some selection is inevitable. We restrict ourselves to papers published in English through a peer-review process, with selected translations from journals published in other languages. Papers from conference proceedings generally are not included, though the Proceeding itself may be cited in the introduction. A significant fraction of the papers reviewed herein relates to the science of heat transfer, including experimental, analytical and numerical studies. Other papers cover applications where heat transfer plays a major role, not only in man-made devices but in natural systems as well. The papers are grouped into major subject areas and then into subfields within these areas. In addition to reviewing the literature, we mention major conferences held in 2005, major awards related to heat transfer presented in 2005, and books on heat transfer published during the year.

Abstract: The present review covers the heat transfer literature published in 2004 in English language, including some translations of foreign language papers. Though extensive, some selection is necessary. Only articles published by a process of peer review in archival journals are reviewed. Papers are grouped into subject-oriented sections and further divided into sub-fields. Many papers deal with the fundamental science of heat transfer, including experimental, numerical and analytical work; others relate to applications or natural systems. In addition to reviewing journal articles, this Review also takes note of important conferences and meetings on heat transfer and related areas, major awards presented in 2004, and relevant books published in 2004.

Abstract: 2. Conduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1892 2.1. Contact conduction and contact resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1892 2.2. Micro/nanoscale thermal effects, laser pulse heating, and hyperbolic heat transport . . 1892 2.3. Composites, heterogeneous media and complex geometries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893 2.4. Conduction with convection, phase change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893 2.5. Analytical, numerical and experimental studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893 2.6. Thermomechanical problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893 2.7. Miscellaneous and special applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1893

Abstract: Thermal energy storage in general, and phase change materials (PCMs) in particular, have been a main topic in research for the last 20 years, but although the information is quantitatively enormous, it is also spread widely in the literature, and difficult to find. In this work, a review has been carried out of the history of thermal energy storage with solid–liquid phase change. Three aspects have been the focus of this review: materials, heat transfer and applications. The paper contains listed over 150 materials used in research as PCMs, and about 45 commercially available PCMs. The paper lists over 230 references.

Abstract: In recent years, advances in computational power and spatial data analysis (GIS, remote sensing, etc) have led to an increase in attempts to model the spread and behaviour of wildland fires across the landscape. This series of review papers endeavours to critically and comprehensively review all types of surface fire spread models developed since 1990. This paper reviews models of a physical or quasi-physical nature. These models are based on the fundamental chemistry and/or physics of combustion and fire spread. Other papers in the series review models of an empirical or quasi-empirical nature, and mathematical analogues and simulation models. Many models are extensions or refinements of models developed before 1990. Where this is the case, these models are also discussed but much less comprehensively.

Abstract: : The author first lists the hydrodynamic equations for the three-dimensional time-dependent flow. This is followed by a discussion of the approximate radiationtransport equations. Finally, the linearized equations for two-dimensional steady flow are obtained.

Abstract: T governing equations for multidimensional radiating gas flow, in general, are of a complicated integrodifferential form. Thus, no reasonably simple solutions, valid for the whole range of optical thickness, exist for such problems at the present time. For the limiting cases of an optically thin or thick gas, the integrodifferential equations can be reduced to a system of differential equations, and earlier investigations" have been confined to these limits. For onedimensional flow problems, Vincenti and Baldwin suggested the use of an exponential function to approximate the integral term. By this approximation, they were able to obtain a system of purely differential equations that are valid for the whole range of optical thickness. Unfortunately, this technique is not directly applicable to multidimensional flow problems. A different scheme of approximation known as the moment method was first suggested by astrophysicists in problems of transfer of radiation in stars. It was subsequently highly developed by nuclear physicists in dealing with neutron transport problems. Using this scheme of approximation, Traugott and others were able to obtain a system of purely differential equations for one-dimensional flow problems that are valid throughout the whole range of optical thickness. It can be shown that the first approximation in this approach when applied to one-dimensional transfer problems is equivalent to the exponential approximation suggested by Vincenti and Baldwin. In the following, we will apply this technique to multidimensional radiating-gas-flow problems.

Abstract: Thermoelectric (TE) technology is regarded as alternative and environmentally friendly technology for harvesting and recovering heat which is directly converted into electrical energy using thermoelectric generators (TEG). Conversely, Peltier coolers and heaters are utilized to convert electrical energy into heat energy for cooling and heating purposes The main challenge lying behind the TE technology is the low efficiency of these devices mainly due to low figure of merit (ZT) of the materials used in making them as well as improper setting of the TE systems. The objective of this work is to carry out a comprehensive review of TE technology encompassing the materials, applications, modelling techniques and performance improvement. The paper has covered a wide range of topics related to TE technology subject area including the output power conditioning techniques. The review reveals some important critical aspects regarding TE device application and performance improvement. It is observed that the intensified research into TE technology has led to an outstanding increase in ZT, rendering the use TE devices in diversified application a reality. Not only does the TE material research and TE device geometrical adjustment contributed to TE device performance improvement, but also the use of advanced TE mathematical models which have facilitated appropriate segmentation TE modules using different materials and design of integrated TE devices. TE devices are observed to have booming applications in cooling, heating, electric power generation as well as hybrid applications. With the generation of electric energy using TEG, not only does the waste heat provide heat source but also other energy sources like solar, geothermal, biomass, infra-red radiation have gained increased utilization in TE based systems. However, the main challenge remains in striking the balance between the conflicting parameters; ZT and power factor, when designing and optimizing advanced TE materials. Hence more research is necessary to overcome this and other challenge so that the performance TE device can be improved further.