Author
W. J. D. Annand
Bio: W. J. D. Annand is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Exhaust gas recirculation & Combustion. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 880 citations.
Papers
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01 Jun 1963
916 citations
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2,050 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines (H 2 ICEs) can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the fundamentals of the combustion of hydrogen, details on the different mixture formation strategies and their emissions characteristics, measures to convert existing vehicles, dedicated hydrogen engine features, a state of the art on increasing power output and efficiency while controlling emissions and modeling.
743 citations
01 Feb 1979
668 citations
29 Jul 2014
TL;DR: The types of sensors reviewed in this chapter are (1) room-temperature hydrogen leak sensors; (2) thermometers, particularly useful at low temperature; (3) liquid hydrogen volume and mass gauges; and (4) para/ortho hydrogen ratiometers as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Four types of hydrogen detectors are used by researchers, engineers, and manufacturers
today, and if hydrogen continues to play a role in emerging alternative energy sources,
there will be exponential growth in the use and need for more advanced and more robust
devices in the future. The types of sensors reviewed in this chapter are (1) room-temperature hydrogen leak sensors; (2) thermometers, particularly useful at low temperature;
(3) liquid hydrogen volume and mass gauges; and (4) para/ortho hydrogen ratiometers.
631 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a heat release model using a one zone description of the cylinder contents with thermodynamic properties represented by a linear approximation is presented. But the model does not consider the effects of heat transfer, crevice flows and fuel injection.
Abstract: In analyzing the processes inside the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the principal diagnostic at the experimenter's disposal is a measured time history of the cylinder pressure. This paper develops, tests, and applies a heat release analysis procedure that maintains simplicity while including the effects of heat transfer, crevice flows and fuel injection. The heat release model uses a one zone description of the cylinder contents with thermodynamic properties represented by a linear approximation. Applications of the analysis to a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine, a special square cross-section visualization spark-ignition engine, and a direct-injection stratified charge engine are presented.
450 citations