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Author

W. S. Chandler

Bio: W. S. Chandler is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hydrography & Bay. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 6 publications receiving 6 citations.
Topics: Hydrography, Bay, Downwelling, Upwelling

Papers
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ReportDOI
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, upwelling was observed at the shelf break with significant nutrient fluxes into the surface and/or shelf waters, indicating that eddies may have been responsible for some of these observations.
Abstract: Seasonal onshore-offshore sections were run in March, May and September 1977 and January 1978 off Savannah and Brunswick, Georgia. In each instance upwelling was observed at the shelf break with significant nutrient fluxes into the surface and/or shelf waters. There are indications that eddies may have been responsible for some of these observations.

2 citations

ReportDOI
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the progress of research in studies of the oceanography of the South Atlantic Bight during the spring transition period and present technical reports of hydrographic observations.
Abstract: Research progress is reported in studies of the oceanography of the South Atlantic Bight during the spring transition period. Volume 3 contains technical reports of hydrographic observations. (ACR)

1 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, low-frequency current and temperature time series from the outer shelf between Cape Canaveral, Florida, and Cape Romain, South Carolina, are compared with shipboard hydrographic data, satellite VHRR, coastal and buoy winds, and coastal sea level during the period from February to June 1980.
Abstract: Low-frequency current and temperature time series from the outer shelf between Cape Canaveral, Florida, and Cape Romain, South Carolina, are compared with shipboard hydrographic data, satellite VHRR, coastal and buoy winds, and coastal sea level during the period from February to June 1980. Low-frequency current and temperature variability along the shelf break was primarily produced by cyclonic, cold core Gulf Stream frontal eddies. These disturbances traveled to the north at speeds of 50 to 70 cm s−1 with periods of 5 to 9 days throughout the experiment and produced cold cyclonic perturbations of the northward mean flow and temperature fields over an along-shelf coherence scale of 100 km. Frontal eddies appear to be an important mechanism in the observed eastward transport of northward momentum and heat along the shelf edge. They also appear to play a key role in the transfer of eddy kinetic and potential energy back to the mean flow, which suggests an upstream formation region and shear-induced dissipation. Upwelling velocities of about 10−2 cm s−1 in the cold core provide the major source of new nutrients to the outer shelf. Subtidal flow variability at the 40-m isobath was a mixed response to Gulf Stream and wind forcing. Barotropic along-shelf current oscillations were coherent with the local winds and coastal sea level at periods of 3–4 and 10–12 days over along-shelf scales of 400 km with small phase lags, suggesting a nearly simultaneous frictional equilibrium response to coherent wind-induced sea level slopes.

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sediment samples were collected at stations along cross-shelf transects in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, during two cruises in 1984 and 1985 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Sediment samples were collected at stations along cross-shelf transects in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, during two cruises in 1984 and 1985. Station depths ranged from 11 to 285 m. Sediment chlorophyll a concentrations ranged from 0·06 to 1·87 μg g −1 sediment (mean, 0·55), or 2·6–62·0 mg m 2 . Areal sediment chlorophyll a exceeded water column chlorophyll a a at 16 of 17 stations, especially at inshore and mid-shelf stations. Sediment ATP concentrations ranged from 0 to 0·67 μg g −1 sediment (mean, 0·28). Values for both biomass indicators were lowest in the depth range including the shelf break (50–99 m). Organic carbon contents of the sediments were uniformly low across the shelf, averaging 0·159% by weight. Photography of the sediments revealed extensive patches of microalgae on the sediment surface. Our data suggest that viable benthic microalgae occur across the North Carolina continental shelf. The distribution of benthic macroflora on the North Carolina shelf indicates that sufficient light and nutrients are available to support primary production out to the shelf break. Frequent storm-induced perturbations do not favour settling of phytoplankton, an alternative explanation for the presence of microalgal pigments in the sediments. Therefore, we propose that a distinct, productive benthic microflora exists across the North Carolina continental shelf.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review and analysis of historical and new hydrographic data for the Charleston Bump region is presented in this paper, where an area of doming isotherms is identified primarily between 31.5/sup 0/ and 34.5 /sup 0 /N and the 200 and 400 m isobaths.
Abstract: A review and analysis of historical and new hydrographic data are presented for the Charleston Bump region. An area of doming isotherms is identified primarily between 31.5/sup 0/ and 34.5/sup 0/N and the 200 and 400 m isobaths. The highest incidences of doming are found off Long Bay (86%). Cape Fear (38%), and Cape Romain (25%). Evidence suggests that low salinity shelf water collects in the doming area off Long Bay in July and that seasonal fluctuations in the depth of the main thermocline layer in this area are linked to Gulf Stream transport and local winds. At times there is a gradual offshore-onshore movement of the Gulf Stream opposite Long Bay roughly following the 400 m isobath and at other times an abrupt eastward movement near 32/sup 0/N. Much of the time there appears to be a direct seasonal relationship between historical seasonal velocity fields and offshore deflection with higher (lower) velocities corresponding to greater (lesser) deflection.

39 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative importance of various nutrient sources in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, was examined to determine the importance of different sources of nutrients, including upwelled Gulf Stream water and rivers.
Abstract: Hydrographic and current meter data from Onslow Bay, North Carolina, were examined to determine the relative importance of various nutrient sources. Upwelled Gulf Stream water is the major source of nutrients while rivers represent a minor, if not insignificant, source. In the summer during stratified conditions, the upwelled water penetrates across the shelf, but in the winter the upwelled water is restricted to the outer shelf. Nitrate flux across the 40 m isobath was calculated from continuous temperature and current records. Flux during the summer of 1976 was 2 ..mu..M m/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/ which is considerably less than flux estimations for the Georgia shelf or Scotia shelf. In the climatic scale a cooler climate causing denser shelf water would decrease the nutrient flux into the Bay, while a warmer climate causing less dense shelf water would increase the flux of nutrients into central shelf water.

22 citations