Author
Wanyang Sun
Bio: Wanyang Sun is an academic researcher from Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. The author has contributed to research in topics: High-performance liquid chromatography & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 10 publications receiving 148 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: The HILIC×RP-LC/TOF-MS system expanded the understanding on PAs of S. miltiorrhiza and its related preparations, which could also benefit the separation and characterization of polar constituents in complicated herbal extracts.
51 citations
TL;DR: The method proposed herein with significant advantages including simple pretreatment, rapid determination as well as high sensitivity, accuracy and throughput would be a preferred candidate for the determination and quantification of multi-class mycotoxin contaminants in real samples.
41 citations
TL;DR: The verified QuEChERS method was successfully applied to the analysis of 65 actual samples from eight different types of roots and rhizomes of CHMs, and the most frequently detected pesticide was carbendazim with levels below MRLs.
26 citations
TL;DR: It is revealed that methylation, sulfation and glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of phenolic acids in SAFI in vivo, and the developed UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method could also benefit the metabolic investigation of extracts and preparations in TCM with hydrophilic ingredients.
Abstract: It is an essential requirement to clarify the metabolites of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections, which contain numerous ingredients, to assess their safe and effective use in clinic. Salvianolic acid for injection (SAFI), made from hydrophilic phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been widely used for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, but information on its metabolites in vivo is still lacking. In the present study, we aimed to holistically characterize the metabolites of the main active ingredients in rat plasma, bile, urine and feces following intravenous administration of SAFI. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method was developed. Combining information on retention behaviors, multistage mass spectra and literature data, a total of eight prototypes and 52 metabolites were tentatively characterized. Metabolites originated from rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B comprised the majority of identified compounds. Meanwhile, four metabolites derived from salvianolic acid D and five from salvianolic acid B are reported for the first time. This study revealed that methylation, sulfation and glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of phenolic acids in SAFI in vivo. Furthermore, the developed UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method could also benefit the metabolic investigation of extracts and preparations in TCM with hydrophilic ingredients. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the basic principles, separation mode, key techniques of prep-HPLC-based multidimensional chromatography and its application in TCM research.
12 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized and explained the available analytical and advanced methods for determination of pesticides compound in environment and foodstuffs, also, pesticides classification and its toxicity, and available extraction methods are briefly discussed.
Abstract: Pesticides are widely applied to prevent unwanted pests from attacking crops and livestock which led to their access into the environment. Overuses of pesticides in environment are presence of pesticide residues and their metabolites that are causing serious detrimental effects on human health and all other living organisms. Several severe diseases (Cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, birth defects, infertility) and more damages of human health are associated with the exposure of pesticides. The maximum residue limits for pesticides have been regulated by the Codex Alimentarius Commission and European Union to protect human health. Thus, monitoring these compounds is extremely important to ensure that only permitted levels of pesticide are consumed. To date, several techniques have been developed for pesticide detection, from conventional analytical to advanced detection techniques. The conventional analytical methods are gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with various detectors involved a sample preparation step prior to further analysis. Advanced detection methods refer to the sensors development such as electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric and molecular imprinted polymer. In this review, we summarized and explained the available analytical and advanced methods for determination of pesticides compound in environment and foodstuffs. Also, pesticides classification and its toxicity, and available extraction methods are briefly discussed.
260 citations
TL;DR: An updated overview of the most recent developments and applications of QuEChERS beyond its original application to pesticides, mycotoxins, veterinary drugs and pharmaceuticals, forensic analysis, drugs of abuse and environmental contaminants is proposed.
239 citations
TL;DR: There simply is not enough room in LC chromatograms to separate very many compounds that behave "statistically" and the attainable peak capacity does not suffice to separate complex samples, so LC cannot easily deal with complex mixtures that contain more than a few dozen analytes.
Abstract: Liquid chromatography (LC) is an incredibly successful analytical separation tool. Its versatility is unprecedented, because of the many different separation modes (reversed-phase LC, ion-exchange chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, etc.) and because almost all samples can be dissolved in some kind of solvent, ranging from water to organic solvents to strong acids or bases. Conditions (mobile and stationary phases, additives, pH, temperatures, etc.) can be found to separate almost all pairs of analytes. For example, LC is immensely successful in the separation of enantiomers. Good selectivities can be accompanied by high efficiencies in a very short time, using contemporary ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) instrumentation and (short) columns packed with sub-2-μm particles. However, LC cannot deliver very high efficiencies in a short time. Unlike other techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE), plate counts exceeding 100,000 are not routinely obtained in LC. As a result, LC cannot easily deal with complex mixtures that contain more than a few dozen analytes. While the selectivity between any pair of analytes can be maximized, these peaks may then start to overlap with other relevant analytes or with matrix compounds. There simply is not enough room in LC chromatograms to separate very many compounds that behave \"statistically\"1 and the attainable peak capacity does not suffice to separate complex samples. As a rule of thumb, LC offers a high probability of success for separating samples containing 10 or 20 components in 1 or 2 hours, or up to 50 components in about 10 hours2,3.
231 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses on analytical techniques including sampling, extraction, cleanup, and detection for mycotoxin determination in herbal medicines established within the past ten years and provides a good insight regarding the advanced research that has been done and closes with an indication of future demand for the emerging technologies.
Abstract: The presence of mycotoxins in herbal medicines is an established problem throughout the entire world. The sensitive and accurate analysis of mycotoxin in complicated matrices (e.g., herbs) typically involves challenging sample pretreatment procedures and an efficient detection instrument. However, although numerous reviews have been published regarding the occurrence of mycotoxins in herbal medicines, few of them provided a detailed summary of related analytical methods for mycotoxin determination. This review focuses on analytical techniques including sampling, extraction, cleanup, and detection for mycotoxin determination in herbal medicines established within the past ten years. Dedicated sections of this article address the significant developments in sample preparation, and highlight the importance of this procedure in the analytical technology. This review also summarizes conventional chromatographic techniques for mycotoxin qualification or quantitation, as well as recent studies regarding the development and application of screening assays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, lateral flow immunoassays, aptamer-based lateral flow assays, and cytometric bead arrays. The present work provides a good insight regarding the advanced research that has been done and closes with an indication of future demand for the emerging technologies.
151 citations
TL;DR: QuEChERS (Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method was initially developed by Anastassiades and coworkers as an interesting alternative based on the main principles of the Green Chemistry to the determination of pesticides in fruits and vegetables as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method was initially developed by Anastassiades and coworkers as an interesting alternative based on the main principles of the Green Chemistry to the determination of pesticides in fruits and vegetables. However, the great versatility of the procedure has allowed its application in other types of matrices and analytes with excellent results. In fact, nowadays the main advantages of QuEChERS such as the effective elimination of matrix effect as well as obtain a high recovery of target analytes are extensively known in diverse fields such as food, environmental and biological analysis. This review article pretends to provide an overview of the most relevant applications of the QuEChERS method in the last five years in these three different areas as well as the main trends regarding of the development and evolution of this sample preparation protocol.
101 citations