Incorporating safety risk into the design process is one of the most effective design sciences to enhance the safety of metro station construction. In such a case, the concept of Design for Safety (DFS) has attracted much attention. However, most of the current research overlooks the risk-prediction process in the application of DFS. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid risk-prediction framework to enhance the effectiveness of DFS in practice. Firstly, 12 influencing factors related to the safety risk of metro construction are identified by adopting the literature review method and code of construction safety management analysis. Then, a structured interview is used to collect safety risk cases of metro construction projects. Next, a developed support vector machine (SVM) model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented to predict the safety risk in metro construction, in which the multi-class SVM prediction model with an improved binary tree is designed. The results show that the average accuracy of the test sets is 85.26%, and the PSO-SVM model has a high predictive accuracy for non-linear relationship and small samples. The results show that the average accuracy of the test sets is 85.26%, and the PSO-SVM model has a high predictive accuracy for non-linear relationship and small samples. Finally, the proposed framework is applied to a case study of metro station construction. The prediction results show the PSO-SVM model is applicable and reasonable for safety risk prediction. This research also identifies the most important influencing factors to reduce the safety risk of metro station construction, which provides a guideline for the safety risk prediction of metro construction for design process.

A Hybrid PSO-SVM Model Based on Safety Risk Prediction for the Design Process in Metro Station Construction.

Metro systems perform a significant function for millions of ridership worldwide as urban passengers rely on a secure, reliable, and accessible underground transportation way for their regular conveyance. However, hazards can restrict normal metro service and plans to develop or improve metro systems set aside some way to cope with these hazards. This paper presents a summary of the potential hazards to underground transportation systems worldwide, identifying a knowledge gap on the understanding of water-related impacts on metro networks. This is due to the frequency and scope of geotechnical and air quality hazards, which exceed in extreme magnitude the extreme precipitation events that can influence underground transportation systems. Thus, we emphasize the importance of studying the water-related hazards in metro systems to fill the gaps in this topic.

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Hazards threatening underground transport systems

Critical ventilation velocity under the blockage of different metro train in a long metro tunnel

The high temperature of rock used in different working conditions has a significant effect on the deformation characteristics and the mechanics of tunnel lining support structure. A test using a laboratory model is designed to study the quantitative relationship between the temperature difference and the support force. Through the laboratory model test, the strain and stress variation characteristics of the supporting structure of a water diversion tunnel under different surrounding rock temperatures and different water temperatures were simulated. The variation characteristics of the supporting structure under various working conditions, such as a different initial temperature field, different crossing water temperature of the diversion tunnel during runtime, and repairing period after the water is emptied, were analyzed. The relationship between the high-temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the tunnel lining support structure and the internal temperature stress of the supporting structure was obtained and compared with the results from numerical experiments. The test results showed that a high circumferential tensile stress is created in the support structure of the high-temperature diversion tunnel due to the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the support structure caused by water going through the high-temperature diversion tunnel. The radial compressive stress increases by 45–50%, and the circumferential tensile stress increases by 40–60%. The results provide references for the design of the support structure in a high-temperature tunnel.

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Wen-xin Zan

Papers

Numerical Study on Transverse Temperature Distribution of Fire Zone in Metro Tunnel Fire