Wildiani Wilson

Abstract: The multi-drug resistance (MDR) bacteria is a global health problem that causes high mortality every year. Therefore, novel antibacterial agents are needed from natural biological sources. This research aimed to investigate the antibacterial activities of various crude extracts of Averrhoa bilimbi against MDR bacteria. The antibacterial activity was calculated based on the use agar well diffusion assay and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using Mueller–Hinton broth in a microdilution method. Bacteria from wells were subcultured using inoculating loop onto a 5% sheep BAP. The best antibacterial activity, calculated as the most widely inhibitory zone and the smallest MBC values. The ethanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against the all MDR bacterial test in the agar well diffusion assay (10-14.5 mm inhibition diameter). The MBC of water extract against ESI²L + CR Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the best antibacterial activity (12.5 mg/mL). The fruit of bilimbi was shown to be potentially developed as antibacterial agents, especially for MDR strains. Further in vivo research and discovery of action mode are needed to shed light on their antibacterial effects. This study can provide new information about the benefits of bilimbi as a source of natural antibacterial againts MDR-bacteria

Abstract: Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the latex of three species members of Jatropha (J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Method The antibacterial activities were calculated based on the inhibition zones using the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Mueller-Hinton broth in a microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using blood agar plate. Results The latex of Jatropha showed antibacterial activities against the MRSA and CRPA. All latex of Jatropha appeared to have the antibacterial activities against MRSA and CRPA in the diffusion method (20.4-23.7 mm and 12-15 mm), MIC (0.19-6.25%, and 25%), and MBC (0.39-12.5% and 50%). Phytochemical screening of latex indicated the presence of flavonoids. Conclusions The latex of J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida has the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents, especially against MRSA and CRPA strain, but further in vivo research and discovery of the mode of its action are required to shed the light on the effects.

Abstract: Robusta is the most widely cultivated coffee in Indonesia (90% of the total Indonesian coffee production) Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of Robusta coffee is higher than Arabica coffee or the other plants One of the efforts, for coffee market expansion is product diversification through decaffeination of coffee Decaffeination is one of process to reduce caffeine content Decaffeinated coffee (decaff coffee) began to become public demand In addition to its more delicious taste, low caffeine coffee is beneficial for health because it is safer to eat Coffee decaffeination can utilize organic solvents that contain proteases Tofu waste was one of protease sources So that, tofu waste had potential as solvent in decaffeination The objective of the study was to assess the antioxidant activity of Robusta green coffee after going through decaffeination by using tofu waste The study was used Factorial Completely Randomized Design, ie concentration of tofu waste (30%,60%, 90%) and length of immersion (3, 6, 9 hours) Robusta green coffee antioxidant activity was examined by using DPPH method The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity ( 176061) was in the treatment of 90% waste concentration and 9 hours of decaffeination time In conclusion, the greater the concentration and the longer the decaffeination resulted in the higher antioxidant activity This study provides information about coffee processing methods that can produce coffee with the best quality So, It can increasing the value of domestic coffee products especially in the global market and utilizing tofu liquid waste to be more malleable

Abstract: Salah satu infeksi yang saat ini masih banyak diderita oleh masyarakat Indonesia adalah Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK). ISK merupakan infeksi yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh bakteri. Escherichia coli adalah salah satu bakteri penghasil ESBL yang sering menjadi penyebab ISK. Diperlukan alternatif baru dari bahan baku alami dengan memanfaatkan ekstrak etanol biji pepaya sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol biji pepaya terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli ESBL. Ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan media MHA. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsentrasi 500 mg/ml, 600 mg/ml, 700 mg/ml, 800 mg/ml, 900 mg/ml dan 1000 mg/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol biji pepaya mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli ESBL dengan zona hambat terbesar pada konsentrasi 1000 mg/mL yaitu 19,63 mm. Kata kunci : Ekstrak etanol, biji pepaya, E. coli ESBL

Abstract: . Prastiyanto ME, Rohmah N, Efendi L, Arifin R, Wardoyo FA, Wilson W, Mukaromah AH, Dewi SS, Darmawati S. 2021. Antifungal activities of the rhizome extract of five member Zingiberaceae against Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. Biodiversitas 22: 1509-1513. Fungal infections have now become serious health issues. One of the strategies to avoid the problems of fungal infections is by using natural product from plants that are effective against many human pathogenic fungi. The study portrayed the use of the extracts of plant rhizomes as the alternatives to fight against number of human pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to investigate the antifungal activities of crude ethanol extract of five member of the family Zingiberaceae (Curcuma longa, Alpinia galanga Zingiber officinale. var. rubrum, Zingiber officinale var. officinarum and Zingiber officinale var. amarum), which are widely used as folk medicines against Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum. Crude ethanol extracts of five members of Zingiberaceae were evaluated for their antifungal activities and the results were calculated based on the zones of inhibition using the diffusion method. The extract showed antifungal activity against Candida. albicans in the agar well diffusion assay (10.2-27.1 mm inhibition diameter) and against T. rubrum (27.3-44.3 mm inhibition diameter). The data have revealed that all rhizomes have the potential to be developed as antifungal agents, particularly against C. albicans and T. rubrum. Studies on the antifungal activity against yeast-like (C. albicans) and filamentous (T. rubrum) can provide new information about the benefits of members Zingiberaceae as a source of natural antifungal. Researchers can select the type of rhizome that has more potential for further extraction to obtain pure compounds that can be used as antifungals.

Abstract: The essential oils from cajuput leaves (Melaleuca leucadendron) have been well-known and applied, especially in healthcare management. However, the utilization of the leaves solid waste has not been explored and reported in detail. In this review, we elaborate on the cajuput leaves starting from the plant description and leaf morphology, chemical composition, biological activities, wood decomposing organism, and an in silico prediction upon its molecular mechanism. Based on the in silico prediction, compounds such as guaiol, lupene, and 1, 8-cineole have the potential to be antifungal and insecticide that associates with the cajuput potency as a wood preservative agent.

Abstract: Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the latex of three species members of Jatropha (J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Method The antibacterial activities were calculated based on the inhibition zones using the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Mueller-Hinton broth in a microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using blood agar plate. Results The latex of Jatropha showed antibacterial activities against the MRSA and CRPA. All latex of Jatropha appeared to have the antibacterial activities against MRSA and CRPA in the diffusion method (20.4-23.7 mm and 12-15 mm), MIC (0.19-6.25%, and 25%), and MBC (0.39-12.5% and 50%). Phytochemical screening of latex indicated the presence of flavonoids. Conclusions The latex of J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida has the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents, especially against MRSA and CRPA strain, but further in vivo research and discovery of the mode of its action are required to shed the light on the effects.

Abstract: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol biji buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.) muda dan tua terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococus aureus. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi (pengadukan 1 jam, pendiaman 24 jam) dengan pelarut etanol 80%. Uji antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar yang menggunakan cylinder cup. Daya hambat diukur berdasarkan besarnya diameter daerah hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol biji buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.) muda dengan konsentrasi 480.000 bpj, 560.000 bpj, 640.000 bpj, 720.000 bpj, dan 800.000 bpj dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli diperoleh hambatan berturut-turut 0,953 cm; 1,035 cm; 1,146 cm; 1,188 cm; 1,229 cm dan pada Staphylococcus aureus diperoleh hambatan berturut-turut 1,349 cm; 1,476 cm; 1,589 cm; 1,713 cm; 1,808 cm. Sedangkan pada ekstrak etanol biji buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.) tua dengan konsentrasi 480.000 bpj, 560.000 bpj, 640.000 bpj, 720.000 bpj, dan 800.000 bpj dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli diperoleh hambatan berturut-turut 0,820 cm; 0,857 cm; 0,888 cm; 0,968 cm; 1,044 cm. dan pada Staphylococcus aureus diperoleh hambatan berturut-turut 0,941 cm; 1,088 cm; 1,107 cm; 1,252 cm; 1,399 cm. Berdasarkan besarnya diameter derah hambatan didapatkan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol biji buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.) muda lebih besar dibandingkan ekstrak etanol biji buah pepaya (Carica papaya L.) tua terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: The people of Timor Island only know garlic as a kitchen spice. This research provides new knowledge of the benefits of garlic in the health sector, especially as an inhibitor of free radical that can trigger various degenerative diseases. The aims of this research were to identify secondary metabolites contained in the ethanolic extract of garlic ( Allium sativum L.) from Timor Island and to determine its effectiveness in inhibiting free radicals. The method used to test secondary metabolites was phytochemical screening using color reagents. Testing the effectiveness of free radical inhibitors from garlic ethanol extract from Timor Island was carried out in 2 stages: 1.) Determination of DPPH maximum wavelength (I») and 2.) Measurement of antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of garlic from Timor Island contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids. It was also very effective in inhibiting free radicals, with the acquisition of IC50 values <50 ppm which was equal to 9.729 ppm. This research gives some information that can be used for the pharmacological ingredients, i.e. as a natural medicine that safe for the body to be consumed by the people of Timor Island. Moreover that also can impact on demand of garlic in the market. This has a very positive impact on improving the economy of garlic farmers on Timor Island.