Wilfried Brutsaert

Bio: Wilfried Brutsaert is an academic researcher from Cornell University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Planetary boundary layer & Sensible heat. The author has an hindex of 54, co-authored 212 publications receiving 14767 citations. Previous affiliations of Wilfried Brutsaert include NASA Headquarters & Agricultural Research Service.

Evaporation into the atmosphere

Abstract: Evaporation into the atmosphere : , Evaporation into the atmosphere : , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا

Evaporation into the Atmosphere: Theory, History and Applications

Abstract: 1. Introduction.- 2. History of the Theories of Evaporation - A Chronological Sketch.- 3. The Lower Atmosphere.- 4. Mean Profiles and Similarity in a Stationary and Horizontally Uniform ABL.- 5. The Surface Roughness Parameterization.- 6. Energy Fluxes at the Earth's Surface.- 7. Advection Effects Near Changes in Surface Conditions.- 8. Methods Based on Turbulence Measurements.- 9. Methods Based on Measurements of Mean Profiles.- 10. Energy Budget and Related Methods.- 11. Mass Budget Methods.- Historical References (Prior to 1900).- References.

On a derivable formula for long-wave radiation from clear skies

Abstract: A derivation is presented for the effective atmospheric emissivity to predict downcoming long-wave radiation at ground level under a clear sky and for a nearly standard atmosphere. The results are in good agreement with those obtainable with empirical formulae based on water vapor pressure and temperature. However, the proposed formulation has the advantage that its simple functional form is based on physical grounds without the need for empirical parameters from radiation measurements. Also, in contrast to the empirical equations, it may be adjusted in a simple way to reflect changes in climatic and atmospheric conditions.

Hydrology: An Introduction

Abstract: Water in its different forms has always been a source of wonder, curiosity and practical concern for humans everywhere. Hydrology: An Introduction presents a coherent introduction to the fundamental principles of hydrology, based on the course that Wilfried Brutsaert has taught at Cornell University for the last thirty years. Hydrologic phenomena are dealt with at spatial and temporal scales at which they occur in nature. The physics and mathematics necessary to describe these phenomena are introduced and developed, and readers will require a working knowledge of calculus and basic fluid mechanics. The book will be invaluable as a textbook for entry-level courses in hydrology directed at advanced seniors and graduate students in physical science and engineering. In addition, the book will be more broadly of interest to professional scientists and engineers in hydrology, environmental science, meteorology, agronomy, geology, climatology, oceanology, glaciology and other earth sciences.

Regionalized drought flow hydrographs from a mature glaciated plateau

Abstract: The drought or base flow characteristics of six basins in the Finger Lakes region are obtained by considering for each available record the lower envelope of |dQ/dt| as a function of Q, where Q is the flow rate. This procedure avoids the uncertainty regarding a proper time reference after each rainfall event, and it eliminates the effects of evapotranspiration. The results suggest that among several expressions, Boussinesq's nonlinear solution of free surface groundwater flow is best suited to parameterize the observed hydrographs. The obtained parameters can be related to the basin characteristics, viz., drainage area and the total stream length, in accordance with relationships derived on the basis of the Dupuit-Boussinesq aquifer model. This result allows the determination of drought flow parameters for ungaged sites within the region.

Crop evapotranspiration : guidelines for computing crop water requirements

Abstract: (First edition: 1998, this reprint: 2004). This publication presents an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients. The procedure, first presented in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, Crop water requirements, in 1977, allows estimation of the amount of water used by a crop, taking into account the effect of the climate and the crop characteristics. The publication incorporates advances in research and more accurate procedures for determining crop water use as recommended by a panel of high-level experts organised by FAO in May 1990. The first part of the guidelines includes procedures for determining reference crop evapotranspiration according to the FAO Penman-Monteith method. These are followed by updated procedures for estimating the evapotranspiration of different crops for different growth stages and ecological conditions.

A new model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media

Abstract: A simple analytic model is proposed which predicts the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves by using the moisture content-capillary head curve and the measured value of the hydraulic conductivity at saturation. It is similar to the Childs and Collis-George (1950) model but uses a modified assumption concerning the hydraulic conductivity of the pore sequence in order to take into account the effect of the larger pore section. A computational method is derived for the determination of the residual water content and for the extrapolation of the water content-capillary head curve as measured in a limited range. The proposed model is compared with the existing practical models of Averjanov (1950), Wyllie and Gardner (1958), and Millington and Quirk (1961) on the basis of the measured data of 45 soils. It seems that the new model is in better agreement with observations.

Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions

Abstract: All currently available climate models predict a near-surface warming trend under the influence of rising levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. In addition to the direct effects on climate--for example, on the frequency of heatwaves--this increase in surface temperatures has important consequences for the hydrological cycle, particularly in regions where water supply is currently dominated by melting snow or ice. In a warmer world, less winter precipitation falls as snow and the melting of winter snow occurs earlier in spring. Even without any changes in precipitation intensity, both of these effects lead to a shift in peak river runoff to winter and early spring, away from summer and autumn when demand is highest. Where storage capacities are not sufficient, much of the winter runoff will immediately be lost to the oceans. With more than one-sixth of the Earth's population relying on glaciers and seasonal snow packs for their water supply, the consequences of these hydrological changes for future water availability--predicted with high confidence and already diagnosed in some regions--are likely to be severe.