Willard R. Wadt

Bio: Willard R. Wadt is an academic researcher from Los Alamos National Laboratory. The author has contributed to research in topics: Ab initio & Configuration interaction. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 16 publications receiving 32970 citations.

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for K to Au including the outermost core orbitals

Abstract: Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP’s) have been generated to replace the innermost core electron for third‐row (K–Au), fourth‐row (Rb–Ag), and fifth‐row (Cs–Au) atoms The outermost core orbitals—corresponding to the ns2np6 configuration for the three rows here—are not replaced by the ECP but are treated on an equal footing with the nd, (n+1)s and (n+1)p valence orbitals These ECP’s have been derived for use in molecular calculations where these outer core orbitals need to be treated explicitly rather than to be replaced by an ECP The ECP’s for the forth and fifth rows also incorporate the mass–velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potentials Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p), (4s, 4p, 4d, 5s, 5p), and (5s, 5p, 5d, 6s, 6p) ortibals of the three respective rows

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg

Abstract: Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP’s) have been generated to replace the Coulomb, exchange, and core‐orthogonality effects of the chemically inert core electron in the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg. For the second and third transition series relative ECP’s have been generated which also incorporate the mass–velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potential. The ab initio ECP’s should facilitate valence electron calculations on molecules containing transition‐metal atoms with accuracies approaching all‐electron calculations at a fraction of the computational cost. Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation. Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3d,4s,4p), (4d,5s,5p), and (5d,6s,6p) orbitals of the first, second, and third transition series atoms, respectively. All‐electron and valence‐electron atomic excitation energies are also compared for the low‐lying states of Sc–Hg, and the valence‐electron calculations are found to reproduce the all‐electron excitation energies (typically within a few tenths of an eV).

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for main group elements Na to Bi

Abstract: A consistent set of ab initio effective core potentials (ECP) has been generated for the main group elements from Na to Bi using the procedure originally developed by Kahn. The ECP’s are derived from all‐electron numerical Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions and fit to analytical representations for use in molecular calculations. For Rb to Bi the ECP’s are generated from the relativistic Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions of Cowan which incorporate the Darwin and mass–velocity terms. Energy‐optimized valence basis sets of (3s3p) primitive Gaussians are presented for use with the ECP’s. Comparisons between all‐electron and valence‐electron ECP calculations are presented for NaF, NaCl, Cl2, Cl2−, Br2, Br2−, and Xe2+. The results show that the average errors introduced by the ECP’s are generally only a few percent.

The geometry and spectral properties of Ne+3, Ar+3, Kr+3, and Xe+3

Abstract: Ab initio polarization configuration interaction (POL‐CI) calculations show that Ne+3 and Ar+3 are both linear, in agreement with indirect experimental evidence on Ar+3 and in contradiction to earlier approximate theoretical calculations on Ar+3, which predicted an equilateral triangular geometry. The experimentally unknown Ne+3 dissociation energy is predicted to be 0.15±0.01 eV. Simple diatomics‐in‐molecules (DIM) calculations were shown to be in very good agreement with the ab initio results. DIM calculations predict that Kr+3 and Xe+3 are also linear. All the rare‐gas–trimer ions possess at least one very strong absorption band in the visible, even stronger than the near ultraviolet absorption band of the rare‐gas–dimer ions.

The electronic states of Ne2+, Ar2+, Kr2+, and Xe2+. II. Absorption cross sections for the 1(1/2)u→1(3/2)g, 1(1/2)g, 2(1/2)g transitions

Abstract: The lowest three dipole‐allowed absorption bands in Ne2+, Ar2+, Kr2+, and Xe2+ are investigated using ab initio configuration interaction wave functions. Potential curves (reported in paper I) and transition moments (reported here) are obtained for Ar2+, Kr2+, and Xe2+ using the POL CI method. By shifting the Re of the 1(1/2)u state, the theoretical absorption profiles are normalized to the absolute cross sections of Lee and Smith and also Vanderhoff for the 1(1/2)u→2(1/2)g transition at (350.7 and 356.9) nm and 413.1 nm. The resulting absorption profiles are not only in good agreement with the remaining data of Lee and Smith, Vanderhoff, and Hunter for 1(1/2)u→2(1/2)g, but are also in good agreement with the experimental data of Lee et al. on the 1(1/2)u→1(1/2)g transition. The absorption profiles for Ne2+ are based on the ab initio potential curves and transition moments of Cohen and Schneider. The agreement with the few available cross sections of Lee and Smith is excellent. Comparison with the other t...

Multiwfn: a multifunctional wavefunction analyzer.

Abstract: Multiwfn is a multifunctional program for wavefunction analysis. Its main functions are: (1) Calculating and visualizing real space function, such as electrostatic potential and electron localization function at point, in a line, in a plane or in a spatial scope. (2) Population analysis. (3) Bond order analysis. (4) Orbital composition analysis. (5) Plot density-of-states and spectrum. (6) Topology analysis for electron density. Some other useful utilities involved in quantum chemistry studies are also provided. The built-in graph module enables the results of wavefunction analysis to be plotted directly or exported to high-quality graphic file. The program interface is very user-friendly and suitable for both research and teaching purpose. The code of Multiwfn is substantially optimized and parallelized. Its efficiency is demonstrated to be significantly higher than related programs with the same functions. Five practical examples involving a wide variety of systems and analysis methods are given to illustrate the usefulness of Multiwfn. The program is free of charge and open-source. Its precompiled file and source codes are available from http://multiwfn.codeplex.com.

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for K to Au including the outermost core orbitals

Abstract: Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP’s) have been generated to replace the innermost core electron for third‐row (K–Au), fourth‐row (Rb–Ag), and fifth‐row (Cs–Au) atoms The outermost core orbitals—corresponding to the ns2np6 configuration for the three rows here—are not replaced by the ECP but are treated on an equal footing with the nd, (n+1)s and (n+1)p valence orbitals These ECP’s have been derived for use in molecular calculations where these outer core orbitals need to be treated explicitly rather than to be replaced by an ECP The ECP’s for the forth and fifth rows also incorporate the mass–velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potentials Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p), (4s, 4p, 4d, 5s, 5p), and (5s, 5p, 5d, 6s, 6p) ortibals of the three respective rows

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg

Abstract: Ab initio effective core potentials (ECP’s) have been generated to replace the Coulomb, exchange, and core‐orthogonality effects of the chemically inert core electron in the transition metal atoms Sc to Hg. For the second and third transition series relative ECP’s have been generated which also incorporate the mass–velocity and Darwin relativistic effects into the potential. The ab initio ECP’s should facilitate valence electron calculations on molecules containing transition‐metal atoms with accuracies approaching all‐electron calculations at a fraction of the computational cost. Analytic fits to the potentials are presented for use in multicenter integral evaluation. Gaussian orbital valence basis sets are developed for the (3d,4s,4p), (4d,5s,5p), and (5d,6s,6p) orbitals of the first, second, and third transition series atoms, respectively. All‐electron and valence‐electron atomic excitation energies are also compared for the low‐lying states of Sc–Hg, and the valence‐electron calculations are found to reproduce the all‐electron excitation energies (typically within a few tenths of an eV).

Ab initio effective core potentials for molecular calculations. Potentials for main group elements Na to Bi

Abstract: A consistent set of ab initio effective core potentials (ECP) has been generated for the main group elements from Na to Bi using the procedure originally developed by Kahn. The ECP’s are derived from all‐electron numerical Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions and fit to analytical representations for use in molecular calculations. For Rb to Bi the ECP’s are generated from the relativistic Hartree–Fock atomic wave functions of Cowan which incorporate the Darwin and mass–velocity terms. Energy‐optimized valence basis sets of (3s3p) primitive Gaussians are presented for use with the ECP’s. Comparisons between all‐electron and valence‐electron ECP calculations are presented for NaF, NaCl, Cl2, Cl2−, Br2, Br2−, and Xe2+. The results show that the average errors introduced by the ECP’s are generally only a few percent.

Energy-adjustedab initio pseudopotentials for the second and third row transition elements

Abstract: Nonrelativistic and quasirelativisticab initio pseudopotentials substituting the M(Z−28)+-core orbitals of the second row transition elements and the M(Z−60)+-core orbitals of the third row transition elements, respectively, and optimized (8s7p6d)/[6s5p3d]-GTO valence basis sets for use in molecular calculations have been generated. Additionally, corresponding spin-orbit operators have also been derived. Atomic excitation and ionization energies from numerical HF as well as from SCF pseudopotential calculations using the derived basis sets differ in most cases by less than 0.1 eV from corresponding numerical all-electron results. Spin-orbit splittings for lowlying states are in reasonable agreement with corresponding all-electron Dirac-Fock (DF) results.