Showing papers by "William W. Cooper published in 1967"

A goal programming model for manpower planning

Abstract: : A goal programming model is formulated for guiding and controlling manpower planning at the level of the Office of Civilian Manpower Management of the U. S. Navy. Markov elements are used to trace through the effects of initial and subsequent personal commitments and budgeting constraints, personnel ceilings, etc., form parts of the total (Multi-dimensional) goals considered. Further extensions will include training, environmental factors, etc., after clarification is secured concerning the pertinence of such a line of development.

Some new approaches to risk

Abstract: : Relatively recent innovations in methods for risk analysis are here surveyed and related by means of certain linear programming characterizations applied to venture and risk analysis, stochastic decision trees, stochastic linear programming, linear programming under uncertainty, and chance constrained programming. Possibilities for combining these approaches in various ways are also discussed and illustrated by example. Implications are noted for accounting, budgeting and other aspects of management planning.

Generation and approximation of reach and distribution of frequencies.

Abstract: : Media planning has heretofore been restricted, by and large, only to the consideration of average frequency. A recently developed mathematical model explicitly considers both cumulative duplicating audiences over a variety of time periods and the simultaneous selection and scheduling of media. This model thus required the development of methods for handling such nonlinear concave aspects of audience characteristics within a linear programming model and for generating distribution of frequency data within the computational processes of the model. This is done by means of logarithmic transformations and, for the discrete distributions of frequencies, by log-normal approximating devices. Each of these two techniques is important in its own right as a type of method which may be employed in a wide variety of modelling or computational situations. Thus, because neither of these techniques is restricted to the area of media planning per se it seemed worthwhile to present them on their own terms--as in the present paper--instead of treating them only as a detail in developing and interpreting the LPII model.