Showing papers by "Wolfgang Wagner published in 2007"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed recent progress made with retrieving surface soil moisture from three types of microwave sensors -radiometers, Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs), and scatterometers.
Abstract: Microwave remote sensing of soil moisture has been an active area of research since the 1970s but has yet found little use in operational applications Given recent advances in retrieval algorithms and the approval of a dedicated soil moisture satellite, it is time to re-assess the potential of various satellite systems to provide soil moisture information for hydrologic applications in an operational fashion This paper reviews recent progress made with retrieving surface soil moisture from three types of microwave sensors - radiometers, Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs), and scatterometers The discussion focuses on the operational readiness of the different techniques, considering requirements that are typical for hydrological applications It is concluded that operational coarse-resolution (25-50 km) soil moisture products can be expected within the next few years from radiometer and scatterometer systems, while scientific and technological breakthroughs are still needed for operational soil moisture retrieval at finer scales (< 1 km) from SAR Also, further research on data assimilation methods is needed to make best use of the coarse-resolution surface soil moisture data provided by radiometer and scatterometer systems in a hydrologic context and to fully assess the value of these data for hydrological predictions
466 citations
TL;DR: Bartalis et al. as mentioned in this paper presented the first results of deriving relative surface soil moisture from the METOP-A Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) using model parameters derived from eight years of ERS scatterometer data.
Abstract: [1] This article presents first results of deriving relative surface soil moisture from the METOP-A Advanced Scatterometer. Retrieval is based on a change detection approach which has originally been developed for the Active MicrowaveInstrument flownonboardtheEuropeansatellites ERS-1 and ERS-2. Using model parameters derived from eight years of ERS scatterometer data, first global soil moisture maps have been produced from ASCAT data. The ASCAT data were distributed by EUMETSAT for validation purposes during the ASCAT product commissioning activities. Several recent cases of drought and excessive rainfall are clearly visible in the soil moisture data. The results confirm that seamless soil moisture time series can be expected from the series of two ERS and three METOP scatterometers, providing global coverage on decadal time scales (from 1991 to about 2021). Thereby, operational, nearreal-time ASCAT soil moisture products will become available for weather prediction and hydrometeorological applications. Citation: Bartalis, Z., W. Wagner, V. Naeimi, S. Hasenauer, K. Scipal, H. Bonekamp, J. Figa, and C. Anderson (2007), Initial soil moisture retrievals from the METOP-A Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L20401, doi:10.1029/2007GL031088.
438 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the capabilities of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics program offered by the LHC are presented, and the potential of the CMS experiment to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements.
Abstract: This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies , will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction ? Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) ? in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x).This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include bulk observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield tomographic information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.
361 citations
TL;DR: In this article, four recently published soil-moisture datasets are compared with in-situ observations from the REMEDHUS monitoring network located in the semi-arid part of the Duero basin in Spain.
Abstract: In recent years, unforeseen advances in monitoring soil moisture from operational satellite platforms have been made, mainly due to improved geophysical retrieval methods. In this study, four recently published soil-moisture datasets are compared with in-situ observations from the REMEDHUS monitoring network located in the semi-arid part of the Duero basin in Spain. The remotely sensed soil-moisture products are retrieved from (1) the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E), which is a passive microwave sensor on-board NASA’s Aqua satellite, (2) European Remote Sensing satellite (ERS) scatterometer, which is an active microwave sensor on-board the two ERS satellites and (3) visible and thermal images from the METEOSAT satellite. Statistical analysis indicates that three satellite datasets contribute effectively to the monitoring of trends in surface soil-moisture conditions, but not to the estimation of absolute soil-moisture values. These sensors, or rather their successors, will be flown on operational meteorological satellites in the near future. With further improvements in processing techniques, operational meteorological satellites will increasingly deliver high-quality soil-moisture data. This may be of particular interest for hydrogeological studies that investigate long-term processes such as groundwater recharge.
289 citations
TL;DR: More precise molecular and cellular markers to define subsets of MSC and to standardize the protocols for expansion of M SC are urgently needed.
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a type of adult stem cells that can easily be isolated from various tissues and expanded in vitro. Past reports on their pluripotency and possible clinical applications have raised hopes and interest in MSC. Multiple designations have been given to different MSC preparations. So far MSC are poorly defined by a combination of physical, phenotypical and functional properties. As MSC could be derived from different tissues as starting material, by diverse isolation protocols, cultured and expanded in different media and conditions, the MSC preparations from different laboratories are highly heterogeneous. All of these variables might have implications (1) on the selection of cell types and the composition of heterogeneous subpopulations; (2) they can selectively favor expansion of different cell populations with totally different potentials; or (3) they might alter the long term fate of adult stem cells upon in vitro culture. The recent controversy on the multilineage differentiation potentials of some specific MSC preparations might be attributed to this lack of common standards. More precise molecular and cellular markers to define subsets of MSC and to standardize the protocols for expansion of MSC are urgently needed.
276 citations
01 Jul 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a wide-range equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of natural gases and other multi-component (and binary) mixtures was developed, called GERG-2004.
Abstract: A wide-range equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of natural gases and other multi-component (and binary) mixtures was developed. The new formulation, adopted by GERG in 2004 and called GERG-2004 equation of state or GERG-2004 for short, is a fundamental equation explicit in the Helmholtz free energy as a function of density, temperature, and composition. The mixture model uses accurate equations of state for the 18 specified natural gas components along with functions that take into account the mixture behaviour. GERG-2004 covers wide ranges of temperature, pressure, and composition and is valid in the gas phase, the liquid phase, the supercritical region, and for vapour-liquid equilibrium states. The equation achieves a high accuracy in the calculation of thermodynamic properties for a broad variety of mixtures. The wide range of validity enables the use of GERG-2004 in both standard and advanced technical applications for natural gases and related mixtures. This includes, e.g. pipeline transport, natural gas storage, improved and integrated processes with liquefied natural gas, the design of separation processes as encountered in natural gas processing, and future applications with natural gas mixtures enriched with hydrogen. (orig.)
260 citations
TL;DR: The ability to maintain long‐term culture‐initiating cell frequency and a primitive CD34+CD38− immunophenotype was significantly higher for MSC derived from BM and CB compared with those from AT and there was no clear concordance with differences in their potential to maintain primitive function of HPC.
Abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) provide a supportive cellular microenvironment and are able to maintain the self-renewal capacity of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) Isolation procedures for MSC vary extensively and this may influence their biologic properties In this study, we have compared human MSC isolated from bone marrow (BM) using two culture conditions, from cord blood (CB) and from adipose tissue (AT) The ability to maintain long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) frequency and a primitive CD34 + CD38 immunophenotype was significantly higher for MSC derived from BM and CB compared to those from AT These results were in line with a significantly higher adhesion of HPC to MSC from BM and CB versus MSC from AT We have compared the cytokine production of MSC by cytokine antibody arrays, ELISA and by a cytometric bead array There were reproducible differences in the chemokine secretion profiles of various MSC preparations but there was no clear concordance with differences in their potential to maintain primitive function of HPC Global gene expression profiles of MSC preparations were analyzed and showed that adhesion proteins including cadherin-11, N-cadherin, VCAM1, NCAM1 and integrins were highly expressed in MSC preparations derived from BM and CB Thus MSC from BM and CB are superior to MSC from AT for maintenance of primitive HPC The latter property is associated with specific molecular profiles indicating the significance of cell-cell junctions but not with secretory profiles
217 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the problem of coal fires referring to two coalfields in north-central China and investigate the environmental impacts of the fires, such as atmospheric influences, land subsidence, landscape degradation, and the danger for water resources and human health.
212 citations
TL;DR: Constraints on spin, parity, and charge conjugation parity of the X(3872) particle are derived by comparing measured angular distributions of the decay products with predictions for different J(PC) hypotheses.
Abstract: The authors present an analysis of angular distributions and correlations of the X(3872) in the exclusive decay mode X(3872) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} with J/{psi} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}. They use 780 pb{sup -1} of data from p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. They derive constraints on spin, parity, and charge conjugation parity of the X(3872) by comparing measured angular distributions of the decay products with predictions for different J{sup PC} hypotheses. The assignments J{sup PC} = 1{sup ++} and 2{sup -+} are the only ones consistent with the data.
191 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the polarizations of J/psi and {psi}(2S) mesons as functions of their transverse momentum p{sub T} when they are produced promptly in the rapidity range |y| < 0.6 with p{ sub T} {ge} 5 GeV/c.
Abstract: The authors have measured the polarizations of J/{psi} and {psi}(2S) mesons as functions of their transverse momentum p{sub T} when they are produced promptly in the rapidity range |y| < 0.6 with p{sub T} {ge} 5 GeV/c. The analysis is performed using a data sample with an integrated luminosity of about 800 pb{sup -1} collected by the CDF II detector. For both vector mesons, they find that the polarizations become increasingly longitudinal as p{sub T} increases from 5 to 30 GeV/c. These results are compared to the predictions of non-relativistic quantum chromo-dynamics and other contemporary models. The polarizations of J/{psi} and {psi}(2S) mesons from B-hadron decays are also reported.
143 citations
TL;DR: The authors argue that the public understanding of how the public understand science is incomplete as long as we do not answer the question of why, under which conditions, and in which form the general public assimilate scientific background knowledge everyday life and communication are governed by criteria of social efficiency and evidence.
Abstract: This paper argues that our understanding of how the public understands science is incomplete as long as we do not answer the question of why, under which conditions, and in which form the general public assimilate scientific background knowledge Everyday life and communication are governed by criteria of social efficiency and evidence Under the conditions of everyday life, it is sufficient for the lay person to possess and employ metaphoric and iconic representations of scientific facts—called “vernacular science knowledge”—that are wrong in scientific terms, as long as they are able to serve as acceptable and legitimate belief systems in discourses with other lay people These representations are tools for a purpose that follow local rules of communication Research within the framework of Social Representation Theory—collective symbolic coping with biotechnology in Europe, lay understanding of sexual conception, as well as traditional versus modern psychiatric knowledge in India—is presented to illust
TL;DR: In this article, an approximate sublimation curve is computed from the 2006 Gibbs potential of ice Ih, using available heat capacity data points of water vapor between 10 and 130 K.
TL;DR: In this article, the transferability of this approach to a 128 km2 large mountainous region in Vorarlberg, Austria, was evaluated, where inventory data as operationally collected by Austrian foresters were used.
Abstract: Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is an active remote sensing technique that uses the time-of-flight measurement principle to capture the three-dimensional structure of the earth's surface with pulsed lasers that transmit nanosecond-long laser pulses with a high pulse repetition frequency. Over forested areas most of the laser pulses are reflected by the leaves and branches of the trees, but a certain fraction of the laser pulses reaches the forest floor through small gaps in the canopy. Thus it is possible to reconstruct both the three-dimensional structure of the forest canopy and the terrain surface. For the retrieval of quantitative forest parameters such as stem volume or biomass it is necessary to use models that combine ALS with inventory data. One approach is to use multiplicative regression models that are trained with local inventory data. This method has been widely applied over boreal forest regions, but so far little experience exists with applying this method for mapping alpine forest. In this study the transferability of this approach to a 128 km2 large mountainous region in Vorarlberg, Austria, was evaluated. For the calibration of the model, inventory data as operationally collected by Austrian foresters were used. Despite these inventory data are based on variable sample plot sizes, they could be used for mapping stem volume for the entire alpine study area. The coefficient of determination R2 was 0.85 and the root mean square error (RMSE) 90.9 m3ha−1 (relative error of 21.4%) which is comparable to results of ALS studies conducted over topographically less complex environments. Due to the increasing availability, ALS data could become an operational part of Austrian's forest inventories.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that primitive subsets of HPC have higher affinity to human MSC and the essential role of specific junction proteins for stabilization of cell-cell contact is indicated by their significant higher expression.
TL;DR: In this paper, measurements of the inclusive jet production cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using the k{sub T} algorithm and a data sample corresponding to 1.0 fb{sup -1} collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab in Run II.
Abstract: The authors report on measurements of the inclusive jet production cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using the k{sub T} algorithm and a data sample corresponding to 1.0 fb{sup -1} collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab in Run II. The measurements are carried out in five different jet rapidity regions with |y{sup jet}| < 2.1 and transverse momentum in the range 54 < p{sub T}{sup jet} < 700 GeV/c. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions are in good agreement with the measured cross sections.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the first measurements of W and Z boson cross-sections times the corresponding leptonic branching ratios for collisions at TeV based on the decays of the W and z bosons into electrons and muons.
Abstract: We report the first measurements of inclusive W and Z boson cross-sections times the corresponding leptonic branching ratios for collisions at TeV based on the decays of the W and Z bosons into electrons and muons. The data were recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72.0 ± 4.3 pb−1. We test e-μ lepton universality in W decays by measuring the ratio of the W → μν to W → eν cross sections and determine a value of 0.991 ± 0.004(stat.) ± 0.011(syst.) for the ratio of W − l − ν couplings (gμ/ge). Since there is no sign of non-universality, we combine our cross-section measurements in the different lepton decay modes and obtain nb and pb for dilepton pairs in the mass range between 66 GeV/c2 and 116 GeV/c2. We compute the ratio R of the W → lν to Z → ll cross sections taking all correlations among channels into account and obtain R = 10.84 ± 0.15(stat.) ± 0.14(syst.) including a correction for the virtual photon exchange component in our measured γ*/Z → ll cross section. Based on the measured value of R, we extract values for the W leptonic branching ratio, Br(W → lν)= 0.1082 ± 0.0022; the total width of the W boson, Γ(W)= 2092 ± 42 MeV; and the ratio of W and Z boson total widths, Γ(W)/Γ(Z)= 0.838 ± 0.017. In addition, we use our extracted value of Γ(W) whose value depends on various electroweak parameters and certain CKM matrix elements to constrain the Vcs CKM matrix element, |Vcs| = 0.976 ± 0.030.
TL;DR: In this article, an improved method for the capture of thaw events based on significance of diurnal differences with respect to long term noise is presented, which is suitable for detecting freeze/thaw cycle periods in boreal forest and tundra biomes.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the time dependence of the ratio of decay rates for the rare decay D0->K+pi- to the Cabibbo-favored decay D 0->K-pi+.
Abstract: We measure the time dependence of the ratio of decay rates for the rare decay D0->K+pi- to the Cabibbo-favored decay D0->K-pi+. We use a signal of 12.7 x10^3 D0->K+pi decays with proper decay times between 0.75 and 10 mean D0 lifetimes. The data sample was recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.5 fb-1 of p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. We search for D0-D0bar mixing and measure the mixing parameters to be Rd = (3.04 +/- 0.55) x10^{-3}, y' = (8.5 +/- 7.6) x10^{-3}, and x'^2 = (-0.12 +/- 0.35) x10^{-3}. We report Bayesian probability contours in the x'^2-y' plane and find that the data are inconsistent with the no-mixing hypothesis with a probability equivalent to 3.8 Gaussian standard deviations.
TL;DR: The first observation of exclusive e(+)e(-) production in hadron-hadron collisions is presented, using pp[over] collision data at (square root) s = 1.96 TeV taken by the run II Collider Detector at Fermilab.
Abstract: We present the first observation of exclusive e{sup +}e{sup -} production in hadron-hadron collisions, using p{bar p} collision data at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV taken by the Run II Collider Detector at Fermilab, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 532 pb{sup -1}. We require the absence of any particle signatures in the detector except for an electron and a positron candidate, each with transverse energy E{sub T} > 5 GeV and pseudorapidity |{eta}| < 2. With these criteria, 16 events are observed compared to a background expectation of 1.9 {+-} 0.3 events. These events are consistent in cross section and properties with the QED process p{bar p} {yields} p + e{sup +}e{sup -} + {bar p} through two-photon exchange. The measured cross section is 1.6{sub -0.3}{sup +0.5}(stat) {+-} 0.3(syst) pb. This agrees with the theoretical prediction of 1.71 {+-} 0.01 pb.
TL;DR: In this paper, two complementing algorithms for remote sensing based coal fire research and the results derived thereof are presented, which are applicable on Landsat, ASTER and MODIS data.
Abstract: This paper presents two complementing algorithms for remote sensing based coal fire research and the results derived thereof. Both are applicable on Landsat, ASTER and MODIS data. The first algorithm automatically delineates coal fire risk areas from multispectral satellite data. The second automatically extracts local coal fire related thermal anomalies from thermal data. The presented methods aim at the automated, unbiased retrieval of coal fire related information. The delineation of coal fire risk areas is based on land cover extraction through a knowledge based spectral test sequence. This sequence has been proven to extract coal fire risk areas not only in time series of the investigated study areas in China, but also in transfer regions of India and Australia. The algorithm for the extraction of thermal anomalies is based on a moving window approach analysing sub-window histograms. It allows the extraction of thermally anomalous pixels with regard to their surrounding background and therefore supports the extraction of very subtle, local thermal anomalies of different temperature. It thus shows clear advantages to anomaly extraction via simple thresholding techniques. Since the thermal algorithm also does extract thermal anomalies, which are not related to coal fires, the derived risk areas can help to eliminate false alarms. Overall, 50% of anomalies derived from night-time data can be rejected, while even 80% of all anomalies extracted from daytime data are likely to be false alarms. However, detection rates are very good. Over 80% of existing coal fires in our first study area were extracted correctly and all fires (100%) in study area two were extracted from Landsat data. In MODIS data extraction depends on coal fire types and reaches 80% of all fires in our study area with hot coal fires of large spatial extent, while in another region with smaller and 'colder' coal fires only the hottest ones (below 20%) can be extracted correctly. The success of the synergetic application of the two methods has been proven through our detection of so far unknown coal fires in Landsat 7 ETM+ remote sensing data. This is the first time in coal fire research that unknown coal fires were detected in satellite remote sensing data exclusively and were validated later subsequently during in situ field checks.
TL;DR: The feasibility of coupling a stochastic soot algorithm to a deterministic gas-phase chemistry solver is investigated for homogeneous combusting systems in this article, where a second-order splitting technique is used to decouple the particle population and gas phase in order to solve.
TL;DR: The observation and measurement of the mass of the bottom, strange baryon Xi(b)- through the decay chain Xi( b)- -->J/psiXi-, and a signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 6.6 x 10(-15), or 7.7 Gaussian standard deviations.
Abstract: We report the observation and measurement of the mass of the bottom, strange baryon {xi}{sub b}{sup -} through the decay chain {xi}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{xi}{sup -}, where J/{psi}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}, {xi}{sup -}{yields}{lambda}{pi}{sup -}, and {lambda}{yields}p{pi}{sup -}. A signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 6.6x10{sup -15}, or 7.7 Gaussian standard deviations. The {xi}{sub b}{sup -} mass is measured to be 5792.9{+-}2.5(stat) {+-}1.7(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported an observation of new bottom baryons produced in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron using 1.1 fb^{-1} of data collected by the CDF II detector.
Abstract: We report an observation of new bottom baryons produced in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron. Using 1.1 fb^{-1} of data collected by the CDF II detector, we observe four \Lambda_b^0\pi^{\pm} resonances in the fully reconstructed decay mode \Lambda_b^0 \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^-, where \Lambda_c^+ \to p K^- \pi^+. We interpret these states as the \Sigma_b^{(*)\pm} baryons and measure the following masses: m_{\Sigma_b^+} = 5807.8^{+2.0}_{-2.2}(stat.) \pm 1.7(syst.) MeV/c^2, m_{\Sigma_b^-} = 5815.2 \pm 1.0(stat.) \pm 1.7(syst.) MeV/c^2, and m(\Sigma_b^*) - m(\Sigma_b) = 21.2^{+2.0}_{-1.9}(stat.) ^{+0.4}_{-0.3}(syst.) MeV/c^2.
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-sinker densimeter was used to determine and compensate for the force transmission error (FTE), including the magnetic effects of the fluid being measured, in magnetic suspension densimeters.
Abstract: Techniques to determine and compensate for the force transmission error (FTE), including the magnetic effects of the fluid being measured, in magnetic suspension densimeters are presented. For a two-sinker densimeter, the forces on the balance are expressed for each of the weighings comprising a density determination (i.e., the two sinkers plus balance calibration and tare weights). This yields a system of four equations, which are solved for the fluid density, a balance calibration factor, a coupling factor (related to the FTE), and a quantity related to the balance tare. For a single-sinker densimeter, an in situ weighing of the sinker in vacuum compensates for the FTE of the apparatus itself. A determination of the fluid-specific effect requires measurements with two different sinkers—analogous to the two-sinker analysis, but with the measurements spread out over time. The apparatus part of the FTE is generally less than ±20 ppm. Measurements on propane, helium, neon, nitrogen, argon, toluene, and air are analyzed for the fluid-specific effect; this effect is correlated with the magnetic susceptibility of the fluid together with an apparatus constant. With this analysis, the force transmission “error” becomes an effect that can be accounted for rather than a significant source of uncertainty in density measurements carried out with magnetic suspension densimeters.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for exclusive {gamma}{gamma} production in proton-antiproton collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV, using 532 pb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity taken by the run II Collider Detector at Fermilab.
Abstract: We have searched for exclusive {gamma}{gamma} production in proton-antiproton collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV, using 532 pb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity taken by the run II Collider Detector at Fermilab. The event signature requires two electromagnetic showers, each with transverse energy E{sub T}>5 GeV and pseudorapidity |{eta}| =}3 events is 1.7x10{sup -4}. An upper limit on the cross section of pp{yields}p+{gamma}{gamma}+p production is set at 410 fb with 95% confidence level.
TL;DR: Identification of the molecular interactions between stem cells and their niche has led to an understanding of the mechanisms that control the self-renewal of stem cells.
Abstract: Purpose of reviewThe hallmark of stem cells is their dual abilities to self-renew and to differentiate into multiple lineages. To fulfill these functions they must undergo asymmetric division. A central question in developmental biology is how can a single cell divide to produce two progeny cells th
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the ratio of cross section times branching fraction, {sigma {chi}c2}{beta}({chi}{sub c2} {yields} J/{psi}{gamma}) in 1.96 TeV.
Abstract: The authors measure the ratio of cross section times branching fraction, {sigma}{sub {chi}c2}{beta}({chi}{sub c2} {yields} J/{psi}{gamma})/{sigma}{sub {chi}c1}{beta}({chi}{sub c1} {yields} J/{psi}{gamma}), in 1.1 fb{sup -1} of p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV. This measurement covers the kinematic range p{sub T} (J/{psi}) > 4.0 GeV/c, |{eta}(J/{psi})| 1.0 GeV/c. For events due to prompt processes, they find R{sub p} = 0.395 {+-} 0.016(stat.) {+-} 0.015(sys.). This result represents a significant improvement in precision over previous measurements of prompt {chi}{sub c1,2} hadroproduction.
TL;DR: Cell-cell adhesion of HPC to human mesenchymal stromal cells was impaired and surface antigen detection of CXCR4 was reduced upon treatment with SDF-1α or AMD3100 and it was enhanced by CTCE-9908.
Abstract: Stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α) has pleiotropic effects on hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We have monitored podia formation, migration, proliferation, and cell-cell adhesion of human HPC under the influence of SDF-1α, a peptide agonist of CXCR4 (CTCE-0214), a peptide antagonist (CTCE-9908), and a nonpeptide antagonist (AMD3100). Whereas SDF-1α induced migration of CD34+ cells in a dose-dependent manner, CTCE-0214, CTCE-9908, and AMD3100 did not induce chemotaxis in this concentration range albeit the peptides CTCE-0214 and CTCE-9908 increased podia formation. Cell-cell adhesion of HPC to human mesenchymal stromal cells was impaired by the addition of SDF-1α, CTCE-0214, and AMD3100. Proliferation was not affected by SDF-1α or its analogs. Surface antigen detection of CXCR4 was reduced upon treatment with SDF-1α or AMD3100 and it was enhanced by CTCE-9908. Despite the fact that all these molecules target the same CXCR4 receptor, CXCR4 agonists and antagonists have selective effects on different functions of the natural molecule.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a new measurement of the B{sup +} meson differential cross section d{sigma}/dP{sub T} at {radical}s = 1960 GeV.
Abstract: The authors present a new measurement of the B{sup +} meson differential cross section d{sigma}/dP{sub T} at {radical}s = 1960 GeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 739 pb{sup -1} collected with the upgraded CDF detector (CDF II) at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. B{sup +} candidates are reconstructed through the decay B{sup +} {yields} J/{psi} K{sup +}, with J/{psi} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}. The integrated cross section for producing B{sup +} mesons with p{sub T} {ge} 6 GeV/c and |y| {le} 1 is measured to be 2.78 {+-} 0.24 {mu}b.