Wolfgang Wagner

Bio: Wolfgang Wagner is an academic researcher from Vienna University of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Large Hadron Collider & Top quark. The author has an hindex of 156, co-authored 2342 publications receiving 123391 citations. Previous affiliations of Wolfgang Wagner include University of Pennsylvania & University of Amsterdam.

Measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity inside jets from √s=8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: The number of charged particles inside jets is a widely used discriminant for identifying the quark or gluon nature of the initiating parton and is sensitive to both the perturbative and non-pertur ...

Success and failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy in young infants: are there different age distributions?

Abstract: Patient’s age and etiology of hydrocephalus are the most important factors influencing the success rate of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). Failure rates are reported to be particularly high in the first year of age. On the basis of our own data and a metaanalysis of the literature, we try to further define the impact of age on ETV success in infants younger than 1 year. Only patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were considered. Between October 1994 and July 2004, 28 patients younger than 1 year underwent ETV in our institution. Age ranged from 8 to 311 days (median 96). The etiology of hydrocephalus was aqueductal stenosis (AS) in all patients (idiopathic in 13, posthemorrhagic in three, postmeningitic in four, and related to CNS or vascular malformation or to tumor in eight). ETV failure was defined as subsequent need for shunt implantation. The metaanalysis of the literature took into account reported series on ETV in infants with detailed data on age and etiology in every single patient. In our own patients, ETV was successful in 13 patients and eventually failed in 15. In the ETV success group, the median age was 200 days and the mean age was 176 days (range 13–311 days). In the ETV failure group, the ages were 105 days (median), 117 days (mean), and 8–299 days (range). The differences were not statistically significant. Age distributions in both outcome groups showed a tendency of failures to occur more frequently in the first 2–4 months of life. The separate analysis of patients with idiopathic AS yielded similar figures and distributions. The data from the metaanalysis of the literature corresponded to our own results. There is a clear impact of age on ETV failure rate even when excluding etiological factors. The probability of ETV success gradually increases during the first months of life. The consequence of these findings for decision-making as well as parental counseling is to try to weigh the age of the infant and its estimated impact on ETV success with other factors guiding the decision to perform ETV or shunt in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus.

Treatment Failure of a TLR-7 Agonist Occurs Due to Self-Regulation of Acute Inflammation and Can Be Overcome by IL-10 Blockade

Abstract: Multiple TLR agonists have been shown to have antitumor effects in animal models. However, the therapeutic efficacy of TLR agonist monotherapy in cancer treatment has been limited, and the mechanisms of failure remain unknown. We demonstrate that topical treatment with a TLR-7 agonist, imiquimod, can elicit significant regression of spontaneous breast cancers in neu transgenic mice, a model of human HER-2/neu(+) breast cancer. However, tumor growth progressed once imiquimod therapy was ended. Gene expression analysis using tumor-derived RNA demonstrated that imiquimod induced high levels of IL-10 in addition to TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Elevated levels of circulating IL-10 were also detected in sera from imiquimod-treated mice. Elevated serum IL-10 appeared to be derived from IL-10 and dual cytokine secreting (IFN-gamma(+) and IL-10(+)) CD4(+) T cells rather than CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells, which were also induced by imiquimod treatment. Blockade of IL-10, but not TGF-beta, enhanced the antitumor effect of imiquimod by significantly prolonging survival in treated mice. These data suggest that the excessive inflammation induced by TLR agonists may result in a self-regulatory immunosuppression via IL-10 induction and that blocking IL-10 could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these agents.

Search for long-lived massive charged particles in 1.96 TeV pp collisions.

Abstract: We performed a signature-based search for long-lived charged massive particles produced in 1.0 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s 1.96 TeV, collected with the CDF II detector using a high transverse-momentum (p(T)) muon trigger. The search used time of flight to isolate slowly moving, high-p(T) particles. One event passed our selection cuts with an expected background of 1.9 +/- 0.2 events. We set an upper bound on the production cross section and, interpreting this result within the context of a stable scalar top-quark model, set a lower limit on the particle mass of 249 GeV/c(2) at 95% C. L.

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics

Abstract: Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。