Showing papers by "Wout Ultee published in 1988"

An analysis of (un)employment and (non)employment homogamy tables for Canada, the Netherlands and the United States in the 1980s

Abstract: In this paper we first raise the factual question of whether wives of unemployed husbands have a higher chance of unemployment than wives of employed husbands. Data for Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the USA in the first half of the 1980s indicate that this indeed is the case. We then seek to explain this finding. According to one explanation, (un)employment homogamy is a by-product of educational homogamy combined with a relation at the individual level between education and unemployment. Although the existence of educational homogamy in Canada, the Netherlands and the USA could be ascertained, and although in these countries unemployment is higher when education is lower, these findings could not fully explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in these countries. According to a more complex explanation, the phenomenon of (un)employment homogamy will disappear when we allow, after these effects of education, for similar effects of age and region. This explanation was tested for the USA, and did not explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in this country either. These findings show that labour market inequalities (unemployed persons have less education, are very young or very old, live in certain places) are aggravated by marriage market outcomes (educational and age homogamy). But, in addition, the finding of persistent couple effects suggests that, apart from labour market and marriage market effects, other processes taking pl!).ce after marriage make for (un)employment homogamy.

Why does unemployment come in couples? An analysis of (un)employment and (non)employment homogamy tables for Canada, the Netherlands and the United States in the 1980s

Abstract: In this paper we first raise the factual question of whether wives of unemployed husbands have a higher chance of unemployment than wives of employed husbands. Data for Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the USA in the first half of the 1980s indicate that this indeed is the case. We then seek to explain this finding. According to one explanation, (un)employment homogamy is a by-product of educational homogamy combined with a relation at the individual level between education and unemployment. Although the existence of educational homogamy in Canada, the Netherlands and the USA could be ascertained, and although in these countries unemployment is higher when education is lower, these findings could not fully explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in these countries. According to a more complex explanation, the phenomenon of (un)employment homogamy will disappear when we allow, after these effects of education, for similar effects of age and region. This explanation was tested for the USA, and did not explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in this country either. These findings show that labour market inequalities (unemployed persons have less education, are very young or very old, live in certain places) are aggravated by marriage market outcomes (educational and age homogamy). But, in addition, the finding of persistent couple effects suggests that, apart from labour market and marriage market effects, other processes taking place after marriage make for (un)employment homogamy.

homogamy tables for Canada, the Netherlands and the United States in the 1980s

Abstract: In this paper we first raise the factual question of whether wives of unemployed husbands have a higher chance of unemployment than wives of employed husbands. Data for Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the USA in the first half of the 1980s indicate that this indeed is the case. We then seek to explain this finding. According to one explanation, (un)employment homogamy is a by-product of educational homogamy combined with a relation at the individual level between education and unemployment. Although the existence of educational homogamy in Canada, the Netherlands and the USA could be ascertained, and although in these countries unemployment is higher when education is lower, these findings could not fully explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in these countries. According to a more complex explanation, the phenomenon of (un)employment homogamy will disappear when we allow, after these effects of education, for similar effects of age and region. This explanation was tested for the USA, and did not explain the observed extent of (un)employment homogamy in this country either.

Gezonde en ongezonde vraagstellingen

Abstract: Gezien de geleding van de stratificatieproblematiek in de sociologie, gaan de standaardvragen uit de epidemiologie over sociaal-economische verschillen in gezondheid en sterfte voorbij aan eenvoudiger vragen, terwijl ze onvoldoende doorstoten naar complexere. Een voorbeeld van zo'n eenvoudiger vraag is die naar scheefheid in de verdeling van levensduur zelf (/evensduurongelijkheid), een voorbeeld van een complexer vraag is die naar de samenhang van iemand's gezondheid met iemand's eigen onderwijs, dat van diens vader en dat van diens partner. De bestaande vragen over de samenhang tussen mobiliteit en gezondheid dienen te worden verbreed met vragen over het verband tussen trouwpatronen en gezondheid. Voor de meting van beroep in onderzoek naar sociaal-economische verschillen in gezondheid, heeft de sociologie twee standaardinstrumenten te bieden. Bij analyse van bestaande gegevens blijkt dat in industrielanden de levensduurongelijkheid is afgenomen en dat deze met landenkenmerken samenhangt, en dat in Nederland in 1983 het aantal ernstige aandoeningen van een persoon het sterkst samenhangt met iemand's eigen onderwijs, zwakker met het onderwijs van diens huwelijkspartner, en nauwelijks met dat van diens vader.