Rotomoulding release agent preparation for auto part fabrications

The construction industry remains a significant contributor to global carbon emissions. Several sustainable alternatives have emerged to overcome this issue in geotechnical engineering. In this study, cellulose, an abundant biopolymer, is investigated for its potential to modify geotechnical properties favourably. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) is an anionic ether derivative of natural cellulose with good binding and moisture-retaining capacity. Experimental investigations were conducted on organic silt stabilized with 0.25% to 1.00% NaCMC, and the results indicate that unconfined compression strength (UCS) increased by 76.7% with 0.5% NaCMC treated soil after 28 days. Hydraulic conductivity (HC) of the 0.5% NaCMC treated soil decreased by 91.7% after 28 days, and the additives suppressed the compression index of the soil by 50%. The California bearing ratio (CBR) test indicated that the additive improved the subgrade strength by 33.2%, improving it from very poor to a fair sub-grade material. Microstructural analysis using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and chemical investigation using x-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that NaCMC’s interaction with soil did not form any new chemical compounds. However, the viscous nature of the material formed fibrous threads that bind the soil to enhance the geotechnical properties, establishing itself as a prominent stabilizer for ground improvement applications.

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An Investigation on the Potential of Cellulose for Soil Stabilization

The invention discloses a cellulose derivative. A preparation method for the cellulose derivative comprises the following steps: subjecting cellulose to alkalization and etherification to obtain a carboxymethyl cellulose intermediate; subjecting the carboxymethyl cellulose intermediate to nitration in a nitrification system, and then carrying out washing, drying, stoving and crushing successivelyto obtain carboxymethyl cellulose carboxylate; and subjecting the carboxymethyl cellulose carboxylate to amination in an ammonium system, and then carrying out neutralization, precipitation and dryingsuccessively to obtain the target cellulose derivative. The cellulose derivative of the invention contains three groups, i.e., a nitrate group, a carboxymethyl group and an ammonium ion, has slow release and water retention performance, can increase soil strength, is applicable to arid regions, and provides favorable conditions for plant growth.

Cellulose derivative, and preparation method and application thereof

Transform waste straw into water-holding fertilizer: A targeted modification strategy of functional groups

Three kinds of derivative carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) materials, CMC-Na, CMC-K, and CMC-NH4, were prepared from cotton straw fiber. Their chemical structure, film morphology, water retention, biodegradability, and growth promotion were investigated with infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and field experiments. The results showed that the infrared absorption peaks of the three materials were similar. It was observed that the DCMC materials could form films after being sprayed at the amount of 4.00 g/m2 and 12.00 g/m2, and the film thickness was showed in the order of CMC-K, CMC-NH4, and CMC-Na. The largest water holding capacity increased significantly after DCMC was sprayed on the soil. The water retention of CMC-Na, CMC-K, and CMC-NH4 increased by 47.74%, 72.85%, and 61.40% severally while sprayed with 12.00 g/m2 compared to the control group (CK), and the water retention rate increased with 6.93, 9.75, and 8.67 times, respectively, on the seventh day. The total number of soil microorganisms increased with the DCMC materials being sprayed; the number in the upper layer increased by 92.31%, 123.08%, and 138.46%, respectively, compared with CK. When the three materials were used to the cornfield at the amount of 100.00 kg/hm2, the corn yield increased by 33.11%, 70.93%, and 50.60%, respectively. The DCMC materials, as the sole carbon source, could be degraded by soil microorganisms. The nutrient elements such as NH4+ in the materials could further promote the growth of microorganisms and crops. This study might provide a new way to apply straw-based DCMC in soil water retention, soil amendment, and high value-added transformation of straws in arid areas.

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Film Properties, Water Retention, and Growth Promotion of Derivative Carboxymethyl Cellulose Materials from Cotton Straw

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a water-retaining and conditioning material of straw sodium. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: (1), crushing of straw raw materials; (2), alkalizing; (3), etherifying; and (4), drying and crushing of a product. The process of the method is simple, the source of the raw materials is broad, the straw can bedirectly used as the raw materials in the preparation process, the yield is high, and the cost is low; and the prepared material of straw sodium is biodegradable, the biocompatibility is excellent, water retention of soil can be improved, the straw sodium has a growth-promoting effect on the growth of microorganisms and plants, and turning of the straw into treasure and high added-value utilization can be realized.

Wu Yue

Papers

Film Properties, Water Retention, and Growth Promotion of Derivative Carboxymethyl Cellulose Materials from Cotton Straw

Preparation method and application of water-retaining and conditioning material of straw sodium

Cellulose derivative, and preparation method and application thereof