Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures provides requirements for general structural design and includes means for determining dead, live, soil, flood, wind, snow, rain, atmospheric ice, and earthquake loads, as well as their combinations, which are suitable for inclusion in building codes and other documents. This Standard, a revision of ASCE/SEI 7-05, offers a complete update and reorganization of the wind load provisions, expanding them from one chapter into six. The Standard contains new ultimate event wind maps with corresponding reductions in load factors, so that the loads are not affected, and updates the seismic loads with new risk-targeted seismic maps. The snow, live, and atmospheric icing provisions are updated as well. In addition, the Standard includes a detailed Commentary with explanatory and supplementary information designed to assist building code committees and regulatory authorities. Standard ASCE/SEI 7 is an integral part of building codes in the United States. Many of the load provisions are substantially adopted by reference in the International Building Code and the NFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code. Structural engineers, architects, and those engaged in preparing and administering local building codes will find this Standard an essential reference in their practice. Note: New orders are fulfilled from the second printing, which incorporates the errata to the first printing.

Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

This paper is a review of the effect of vehicle characteristics on ground- and track borne-vibrations from railways. It combines traditional theory with modern thinking and uses a range of numerical analysis and experimental results to provide a broad analysis of the subject area. First, the effect of different train types on vibration propagation is investigated. Then, despite not being the focus of this work, numerical approaches to vibration propagation modelling within the track and soil are briefly touched upon. Next an in-depth discussion is presented related to the evolution of numerical models, with analysis of the suitability of various modelling approaches for analysing vehicle effects. The differences between quasi-static and dynamic characteristics are also discussed with insights into defects such as wheel/rail irregularities. Additionally, as an appendix, a modest database of train types are presented along with detailed information related to their physical attributes. It is hoped that this information may provide assistance to future researchers attempting to simulate railway vehicle vibrations. It is concluded that train type and the contact conditions at the wheel/rail interface can be influential in the generation of vibration. Therefore, where possible, when using numerical approach, the vehicle should be modelled in detail. Additionally, it was found that there are a wide variety of modelling approaches capable of simulating train types effects. If non-linear behaviour needs to be included in the model, then time domain simulations are preferable, however if the system can be assumed linear then frequency domain simulations are suitable due to their reduced computational demand.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23248378.2014.897791

Railway-induced ground vibrations – a review of vehicle effects

Offshore wind is a source of clean, renewable energy of great potential value to the power industry in the context of a low carbon society. Rapid development of offshore wind energy depends on a good understanding of technical issues related to offshore wind turbines, which is spurring ongoing research and development programmes. Foundations of offshore wind turbines present one of the main challenges in offshore wind turbine design. This paper reviews the present state of knowledge concerning geotechnical and structural issues affecting foundation types under consideration for the support structures of offshore wind turbines, and provides recommendations for future research and development.

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Foundations of offshore wind turbines: A review

Seismic passive resistance by pseudo-dynamic method

Energy consumption and environmental impact of rubberized asphalt pavement

A review on recent advancements of substructures for offshore wind turbines

A model container used on a shaking table should cause stress and strain in the model similar to that in a soil layer of infinite lateral extent and finite depth. This paper reports the design and results of preliminary tests of a new type of centrifuge model container for earthquake tests–an equivalent-shear-beam container. The model is made of rectangular frames of aluminium alloy spaced by rubber layers so as to achieve the same dynamic stiffness as the soil it contains. To sustain the complementary shear stresses induced by base shaking at each end wall, a flexible and inextensible frictional sheet is introduced. Data of centrifuge tests indicate that this model container satisfies certain requirements for an ideal model confinement for centrifuge modelling of earthquake design conditions. Une table vibrante pourrait induire sur un boiler-prototype les memes contraintes et deformations que sur une couche de sol d'epaisseur fine et d'extension laterale infinie. L'article decrit le nouveau prototype (eq...

Design and performance of an equivalent-shear-beam container for earthquake centrifuge modelling

For the success of planned missions to the moon in the near future, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the geotechnical behavior of lunar soil. However, only a limited amount of information is available about geotechnical properties of lunar soils. In addition, the amount of lunar soils brought back to Earth is small. To help the development of new regolith moving machines and vehicles that will be used in future missions, a new lunar soil similant JSC-1A has been developed. A group of conventional geotechnical laboratory tests was conducted to characterize the geotechnical properties of the simulant, such as particle size distribution, maximum and minimum bulk densities, compaction characteristics, shear strength parameters, and compressibility.

Geotechnical Properties of JSC-1A Lunar Soil Simulant

The failure of quay walls induced by earthquakes has been widely observed in the field. A study of the seismic response of anchored flexible quay walls based on the data of dynamic centrifuge model tests is reported, and the applicability and limitations of the widely used pseudo-static calculations are investigated. It is found that amplification of motion due to resonance may cause a greatly increased earthquake response over that predicted by a pseudo-static analysis. Resonant vibration may be a consequence of the deterioration of soil stiffness in the backfill, which is itself a result of cyclic loading and excess pore pressures induced by base shaking. This analysis is strongly supported by the data of centrifuge model tests. Principles for design are proposed, which by a model test are shown to be effective. La rupture des murs de quai provoquee par des seismes a ete largement observee in-situ. L'article presente une etude de la reponse sismique de murs de quai flexibles et ancres reposant sur les r...

Xiangwu Zeng

Papers

A review on recent advancements of substructures for offshore wind turbines

Design and performance of an equivalent-shear-beam container for earthquake centrifuge modelling

Geotechnical Properties of JSC-1A Lunar Soil Simulant

On the behaviour of quay walls in earthquakes

Design and characterization of GRC-1: A soil for lunar terramechanics testing in Earth-ambient conditions