The review outlines modern trends in theoretical developments, novel designs and modern applications of sandwich structures. The most recent work published at the time of writing of this review is considered, older sources are listed only on as-needed basis. The review begins with the discussion on the analytical models and methods of analysis of sandwich structures as well as representative problems utilizing or comparing these models. Novel designs of sandwich structures is further elucidated concentrating on miscellaneous cores, introduction of nanotubes and smart materials in the elements of a sandwich structure as well as using functionally graded designs. Examples of problems experienced by developers and designers of sandwich structures, including typical damage, response under miscellaneous loads, environmental effects and fire are considered. Sample applications of sandwich structures included in the review concentrate on aerospace, civil and marine engineering, electronics and biomedical areas. Finally, the authors suggest a list of areas where they envision a pressing need in further research.

Review of current trends in research and applications of sandwich structures

Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering by Anil K. Chopra

Extensive numerical results available in published articles reflect the importance of the effects of geometric parameters, material properties, end conditions, hygrothermal fields, etc. on the behavior of laminated composite and sandwich structures when exposed to environmental conditions. A critical review of available literature for the prediction of the behavior of laminated composites and sandwich structures under hygrothermal conditions is carried out and summarized under different categories namely: static, vibration, buckling, post-buckling and miscellaneous studies (transient, dynamic, impact studies). Each category is further discussed separately in details highlighting the important outcomes of the research. In addition to that, each category is again grouped on the basis of the type of theory used by different researchers in their work. The displacement fields, thermal fields and the method adopted in different papers are also summarized.

A review on analysis of laminated composite and sandwich structures under hygrothermal conditions

Constituting abrupt magnetic flux density change for power density improvement in electromagnetic energy harvesting

2D SnO2 nanosheet/PVDF composite based flexible, self-cleaning piezoelectric energy harvester

Analytical modeling and validation of multi-mode piezoelectric energy harvester

Vibration and acoustic responses of composite and sandwich panels under thermal environment

Buckling and vibro-acoustic response of the clamped composite laminated plate in thermal environment

Sandwich piezoelectric energy harvester: Analytical modeling and experimental validation

In this paper, a new family of controllably dissipative composite algorithms is developed to obtain reliable numerical response of structural dynamic problems. The proposed algorithm is a self-starting, unconditionally stable and second-order accurate three sub-step composite algorithm. The new method includes two optimal sub-families of algorithms, both of which can control numerical dissipations in the high-frequency range by an intuitive way, and their numerical dissipations can range from the non-dissipative case to the asymptotic annihilating case. Besides, they actually involve only one free parameter and always share the identical effective stiffness matrices inside three sub-step to save the computational cost, which does not hold in some existing sub-step algorithms. Some numerical examples are given to show the superiority of the new algorithm with respect to controllable numerical dissipations and the ability of capturing the free-play nonlinearity.

Xiangyang Li

Papers

Analytical modeling and validation of multi-mode piezoelectric energy harvester

Vibration and acoustic responses of composite and sandwich panels under thermal environment

Buckling and vibro-acoustic response of the clamped composite laminated plate in thermal environment

Sandwich piezoelectric energy harvester: Analytical modeling and experimental validation

A novel family of controllably dissipative composite integration algorithms for structural dynamic analysis