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Xiaoyong Lu

Bio: Xiaoyong Lu is an academic researcher from University of Maryland, College Park. The author has contributed to research in topics: Glycoluril & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 21 publications receiving 1042 citations. Previous affiliations of Xiaoyong Lu include Ohio University & Shanghai University.

Papers
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TL;DR: Cucurbit[n]urils have become key units in various self-organizing and stimulus-controlled assemblies, as well as in advanced materials and drug carriers.
Abstract: This review highlights the past six year advances in the blossoming field of cucurbit[n]uril chemistry. Because of their exceptional recognition properties in aqueous medium, these pumpkin-shaped macrocycles have been generating some tremendous interest in the supramolecular community. They have also become key units in various self-organizing and stimulus-controlled assemblies, as well as in advanced materials and drug carriers. The scope of this review is limited to the main family of cucurbit[n]urils (n = 5, 6, 7, 8, 10). The reader will find an overview of their preparation, their physicochemical and biological properties, as well as their recognition abilities towards various organic and inorganic guests. Detailed thermodynamic and kinetic considerations, as well as multiple applications including supramolecular catalysis are also discussed.

792 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) can catalyse Diels-Alder reactions for a number of substituted and unreactive N-allyl-2-furfurylamines under biomimetic conditions, without the need for protecting groups, yielding powerful synthons in previously unreported mild conditions.
Abstract: O.A.S. and A.P. acknowledge an ERC starting investigator grant (ASPiRe 240629) and EPSRC Programme Grant (NOtCH, EP/L027151/1) for the support, G.W. thanks the Leverhulme Trust (Natural material innovation for sustainable living) for the support, S.J.B. thanks the European Commission for a Marie Curie Fellowship (NANOSPHERE, 658360), E.R. gratefully acknowledges financial support from EPSRC (EP/N020669/1), E.M. and X.L. acknowledge the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF No. 51053-ND4), the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the College of Arts and Sciences and the Vice President for Research at Ohio University.

69 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Feb 2011-Langmuir
TL;DR: A series of silver/cucurbituril nanoparticles and aggregates have been prepared upon reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of different cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) macrocycles; CB[7] and CB[8] allow the formation of stable solutions of monocrystalline, narrowly dispersed nanoparticles (5.3 and 3.7 nm, respectively).
Abstract: A series of silver/cucurbituril nanoparticles and aggregates have been prepared upon reduction of silver nitrate with sodium borohydride in the presence of different cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) macrocycles; CB[7] and CB[8] allow the formation of stable solutions of monocrystalline, narrowly dispersed nanoparticles (5.3 and 3.7 nm, respectively), while CB[5] and CB[6] induce rapid aggregation and sedimentation. The rigidity of CB[5] and CB[6], and their possible lack of suitable arrangement at the silver surface, may explain the poor stabilization of these silver assemblies, while the more flexible CB[7] and CB[8] may undergo some minor distortions and better adapt to the requirements of the metallic surface; computer modeling supports the existence of interactions between the silver nanoparticles and the oxygen atoms of the CB[n] carbonylated rim. The optimal silver nitrate/CB[7] ratio for the formation of stable nanoparticles is 1:1−2:1, while large excesses of silver or CB[7] trigger aggregation. Masking th...

63 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cucurbit[6]-, [7]-, and [8]uril can catalyze the silver(I)-promoted desilylation of trimethylsilylalkynyl-containing pseudorotaxanes by stabilizing a key pi-alkyny silver intermediate through favorable interactions between the metallic cation and the cavitand carbonylated portal.

59 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cucurbit[6]-, cucurbit-like cavitands can be aligned along a spermine derivative axle in a well-defined, kinetically favored sequence at room temperature, and can undergo a reorganization toward a more stable [4]pseudorotaxane bearing three cucurbitsuril units upon thermally induced scrambling.

52 citations


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1,254 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The fundamental properties of CBn homologues and their cyclic derivatives are discussed with a focus on their synthesis and their applications in catalysis.
Abstract: In the wide area of supramolecular chemistry, cucurbit[n]urils (CBn) present themselves as a young family of molecular containers, able to form stable complexes with various guests, including drug molecules, amino acids and peptides, saccharides, dyes, hydrocarbons, perfluorinated hydrocarbons, and even high molecular weight guests such as proteins (e.g., human insulin). Since the discovery of the first CBn, CB6, the field has seen tremendous growth with respect to the synthesis of new homologues and derivatives, the discovery of record binding affinities of guest molecules in their hydrophobic cavity, and associated applications ranging from sensing to drug delivery. In this review, we discuss in detail the fundamental properties of CBn homologues and their cyclic derivatives with a focus on their synthesis and their applications in catalysis.

960 citations

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TL;DR: A critical review summarising the formation of dynamic polymeric networks through specific non-covalent interactions, with a particular emphasis on those systems based on host-guest complex formation, as well as the characterisation of their physical characteristics.
Abstract: The supramolecular crosslinking of polymer chains in water by specific, directional and dynamic non-covalent interactions has led to the development of novel supramolecular polymeric hydrogels. These aqueous polymeric networks constitute an interesting class of soft materials exhibiting attractive properties such as stimuli-responsiveness and self-healing arising from their dynamic behaviour and that are crucial for a wide variety of emerging applications. We present here a critical review summarising the formation of dynamic polymeric networks through specific non-covalent interactions, with a particular emphasis on those systems based on host–guest complex formation, as well as the characterisation of their physical characteristics. Aqueous supramolecular chemistry has unlocked a versatile toolbox for the design and fine-tuning of the material properties of these hydrogels (264 references).

910 citations