There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

The interest in nanoscale materials stems from the fact that new properties are acquired at this length scale and, equally important, that these properties * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone, 404-8940292; fax, 404-894-0294; e-mail, mostafa.el-sayed@ chemistry.gatech.edu. † Case Western Reserve UniversitysMillis 2258. ‡ Phone, 216-368-5918; fax, 216-368-3006; e-mail, burda@case.edu. § Georgia Institute of Technology. 1025 Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1025−1102

Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes.

Synthesis of Nanomaterials as a Platform for Molecular Imaging

Immunity is the most critical and well-regulated protection to the body. Immunity is implicated in a wide range of diseases and serves as the foundation for immunotherapy. Immunotheranostics is the idea of improving immunotherapy through the organic integration of therapeutic, diagnostic, and screening technologies. This special issue collects reviews and opinions from prominent contributors in the immunotheranostic field who represent highly diversified research expertise. The immunotherapeutics discussed in this issue range from small molecules, peptides, antibodies, nanoparticles, and to cells. Discussions from the therapeutic development perspective are accompanied by opinions from the biology and medicine aspects. Further, there are reviews about different types of imaging technologies and their applications in immunotherapy. Lastly, one review raises attention to mass spectrometry for its utilization in the diagnosis and assessment for immunotherapy. In summary, this special issue is a showcase for what is happening in immunotheranostics. Moreover, it is also a justified wish list for what should and will happen in immunotheranostics.

Critical reviews of immunotheranostics.

The deformation of polycrystalline magnesium alloy was studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The influencing factors of tensile properties and its deformation mechanism were discussed. It was found that Y atom could inhibit the activation of basal <a> slip and promote the activation of pyramidal <c+a> slip. The crack was formed at the grain boundary with large orientation differences and propagated along the grain boundary. The stress concentration mainly occurred at grain boundaries, and its concentration decreases with the grain size decreasing. The formation of deformation twin was inhibited by small grains. The twin tended to nucleate at grain boundary and grew by absorbing dislocations. It was also found that new twin was preferentially formed near the old twin. 

Atomic simulation study on the effect of Y atom and grain boundary on tensile deformation in polycrystalline magnesium alloy

25 Objectives Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and its receptor (GLP-1R) exhibit cardioprotective effects after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) in both animal studies and human clinical trials. The purpose of this study is to monitor the presence and time course of regional myocardial GLP-1R expression after MI/R with non-invasive positron emission tomography (PET). Methods Male SD rats underwent 45 min transient left coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. In vivo PET imaging was performed to determine myocardial uptake of 18F-FBEM-Cys40-exendin-4 at different time points following reperfusion. The localization of uptake of 18F-FBEM-Cys40-exendin-4 was determined by imaging co-registration with 18F-FDG PET and CT scan. Ex vivo autoradiography, GLP-1R immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis were performed to confirm the PET results. Results Myocardial origin and infarcted/ischemic area localization of 18F-FBEM-Cys40-exendin-4 accumulation was confirmed by image co-registration with microCT and 18F-FDG. At 8 h after MI/R, tracer uptake in the infarcted/ischemic region is 0.37 ± 0.05 %ID/g, significantly higher than that in the control group (p Conclusions Non-invasive PET imaging using 18F-FBEM-Cys40-exendin-4 revealed a dynamic pattern of GLP-1R upregulation in the infarcted/ischemic area after MI/R. The imaging results will provide guidance for optimization of the time frame of therapeutic intervention

Xiaoyuan Chen

Papers

Synthesis of Nanomaterials as a Platform for Molecular Imaging

Critical reviews of immunotheranostics.

Atomic simulation study on the effect of Y atom and grain boundary on tensile deformation in polycrystalline magnesium alloy

PET imaging of glucagon-like peptide receptor upregulation after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Protein Tyrosine Kinase-7 Expression