Author
Xing Liang
Bio: Xing Liang is an academic researcher from Chang'an University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Displacement (fluid) & Arch. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 9 publications receiving 25 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper conducted a systematic study on the causes of highway tunnel defects, which revealed that lining cracks and water leakage are the most common defects in the highway tunnels of China.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a cylindrical infiltration diffusion model is used for backfill grouting in a metro tunnel. And power-law fluid grouts are used as the study object.
Abstract: Shield tunnel is widely adopted in the metro construction, and backfill grouting is the significant part. With power-law fluid grouts as the study object, a cylindrical infiltration diffusion model...
14 citations
TL;DR: Based on an actual engineering case, this article focused on the limit support pressure, instability mechanism, and instability failure mode of the excavation face in the sand pebble stratum.
Abstract: Based on an actual engineering case, this study focused on the limit support pressure, instability mechanism, and instability failure mode of the excavation face in the sand pebble stratum...
11 citations
TL;DR: Under the combined impacts of the operation time, design concept, and construction technology, extensive damage has occurred in tunnels built in China during the early stages of rapid development as mentioned in this paper, which is the case in many tunnels in the world.
Abstract: Under the combined impacts of the operation time, design concept, and construction technology, extensive damage has occurred in tunnels built in China during the early stages of rapid development. ...
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of floating segments compressing the overburden in the deep shield tunnel is discussed, and the influential factors of the pressure arch effect are analyzed using numerical simulation, the compressive displacement of soil in the plastic zone is investigated in a focused manner based on the pressure arcing effect, and a floating segment that the Mindlin solution is applied to under the actions of distributed force and concentrated force is solved.
Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the planning system for urban subway construction, shield tunnels are being more frequently constructed, and thus, the floating problem of shield tunnels in construction has been paid increasingly more attention. In view of this, in this paper, with the combination of numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the problem of floating segments compressing the overburden in the deep shield tunnel is discussed. The influential factors of the pressure arch effect are analysed using numerical simulation, the compressive displacement of soil in the plastic zone is investigated in a focused manner based on the pressure arch effect, and the problem of floating segments that the Mindlin solution is applied to under the actions of distributed force and concentrated force is solved. The results show the following: (1) the displacement of the segment is composed of the shield tail gap, the compressive displacement of the soil, and the translational displacement of the soil; (2) the intensity of the pressure arch effect is interactively influenced by the thickness-diameter ratio and the soil properties; (3) the compressive displacement of the soil mass accounts for a larger proportion of floating segment-induced displacements; and (4) the perturbation influence calculation formula of the surrounding strata and the building structure is obtained based on the Mindlin solution.
6 citations
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Journal Article•
28,685 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A new unified formula is developed that incorporates the effects of luminance, size of the adapting field, age of the observer, and whether one or both eyes are adapted.
Abstract: The size of the pupil has a large effect on visual function, and pupil size depends mainly on the adapting luminance, modulated by other factors. Over the last century, a number of formulas have been proposed to describe this dependence. Here we review seven published formulas and develop a new unified formula that incorporates the effects of luminance, size of the adapting field, age of the observer, and whether one or both eyes are adapted. We provide interactive demonstrations and software implementations of the unified formula.
279 citations
TL;DR: A novel deep learning‐based model, named You Only Look Once network v4 enhanced by EfficientNet and depthwise separable convolution (DSC; YOLOv4‐ED), is proposed, used as the backbone to improve the identification accuracy of indistinguishable defect targets in complex tunnel background and light conditions.
Abstract: Aiming to solve the challenges of low detection accuracy, poor anti‐interference ability, and slow detection speed in the traditional tunnel lining defect detection methods, a novel deep learning‐based model, named You Only Look Once network v4 enhanced by EfficientNet and depthwise separable convolution (DSC; YOLOv4‐ED), is proposed. In the YOLOv4‐ED, EfficientNet is used as the backbone to improve the identification accuracy of indistinguishable defect targets in complex tunnel background and light conditions. Furthermore, DSC block is introduced to reduce the storage space of the model and thereby enhance the detection efficiency. The experimental results indicate that the mean average precision, F1 score, Model Size, and FPS of YOLOv4‐ED are 81.84%, 81.99%, 49.3 MB, and 43.5 f/s, respectively, which is superior to the comparison models in both detection accuracy and efficiency. Based on robust and cost‐effective YOLOv4‐ED, a tunnel lining defect detection platform (TLDDP) with the capacity of automated inspection of various lining defects (i.e., water leakage, crack, rebar‐exposed) is built. The established TLDDP can realize the high‐precision and automatic detection of multiple tunnel lining defects under different lighting and complex background conditions of the practical in‐service tunnel.
55 citations
TL;DR: Based on the collapse of a tunnel in Xi'an Metro Line 3 near a ground fissure, potential causes and corresponding mechanisms were analyzed in this paper , which indicated that hydraulic erosion induced loose pressure and crack-rich soil below the initial support were mainly attributed to be the triggering force of the collapse.
37 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors presented a case study of closely spaced triple tunnels with large sections in Beijing, China, where the mechanical responses of three cross-sections were systematically monitored and analyzed, including the surrounding rock pressure, the internal stress in steel frame and shotcrete, the axial force in pillar-reinforcing bolts, the crown settlement, and the horizontal convergence.
19 citations