Yi Cui

Bio: Yi Cui is an academic researcher from Stanford University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Anode & Lithium. The author has an hindex of 220, co-authored 1015 publications receiving 199725 citations. Previous affiliations of Yi Cui include KAIST & University of California, Berkeley.

Assessing local progression after stereotactic body radiation therapy for unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: CT versus PET.

Abstract: Purpose Evaluation of local tumor progression (LP) has typically been defined by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (PDAC). The purpose of this study is to determine the benefit of adding 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging to CT for LP assessment of PDAC after SBRT. Methods and materials We retrospectively reviewed pretreatment, follow-up images, and outcomes of all patients treated with definitive SBRT for unresectable PDAC between December 2002 and December 2015 at our institution. For each patient, we independently analyzed LP both by CT and by FDG-PET criteria, using the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 and the FDG-PET Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.0, respectively. Results Among 206 patients treated with definitive SBRT for unresectable PDAC, we identified 30 with LP on follow-up. Four did not undergo follow-up FDG-PET. Median time to LP after SBRT was 7.5 months (range, 2-25 months). Of the 26 patients with LP who had follow-up FDG-PET, 21 were diagnosed by FDG-PET (80.7%), 14 by CT (53.8%), and 9 by both FDG-PET and CT (34.6%). Use of CT alone revealed only 53.8% of cases of LP detected when FDG-PET and CT were combined. The cumulative incidence of LP, based on competing risk of death, at 1 and 2 years after SBRT was 9.6% and 16.7% by CT and 11% and 29.1% by FDG-PET, respectively. Conclusion FDG-PET increases the chance of detecting LP of unresectable PDAC after SBRT and can have an important impact on reported outcomes. We recommend obtaining FDG-PET to assess treatment response when evaluating efficacy of SBRT and taking its use into account when comparing clinical data.

Electrochemical systems and methods for harvesting heat energy

Abstract: Electrochemical systems for harvesting heat energy, and associated electrochemical cells and methods, are generally described.

Decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 and other RNA viruses from N95 level meltblown polypropylene fabric using heat under different humidities.

Abstract: In March of 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pandemic led to a shortage of N95-grade filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), especially for protection of healthcare professionals against airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We and others have previously reported promising decontamination methods that may be applied to the recycling and reuse of FFRs. In this study we tested disinfection of three viruses including SARS-CoV-2, dried on a piece of meltblown fabric, the principal component responsible for filtering of fine particles in N95-level FFRs, under a range of temperatures (60-95°C) at ambient or 100% relative humidity (RH) in conjunction with filtration efficiency testing. We found that heat treatments of 75°C for 30 min or 85°C for 20 min at 100% RH resulted in efficient decontamination from the fabric of SARS-CoV-2, human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), and another enveloped RNA virus, chikungunya virus vaccine strain 181 (CHIKV-181), without lowering the meltblown fabric’s filtration efficiency.

GaAs thin film nanostructure arrays for III-V solar cell applications

Abstract: State of art III-V multi-junction solar cells have demonstrated a record high efficiency of 43.5%. However, these cells are only applicable to high concentration systems due to their high cost of substrates and epitaxial growth. We demonstrate thin film flexible nanostructure arrays for III-V solar cell applications. Such nanostructure arrays allow substrate recycling and much thinner epitaxial layer thus could significantly reduce the cost of traditional III-V solar cells. We fabricate the GaAs thin film nanostructure arrays by conformally growing GaAs thin film on nanostructured template followed by epitaxial lift-off. We demonstrate broadband optical absorption enhancement of a film of GaAs nanostructure arrays over a planar thin film with equal thickness. The absorption enhancement is about 300% at long wavelengths due to significant light trapping effect and about 30% at short wavelengths due to antireflection effect from tapered geometry. Optical simulation shows the physical mechanisms of the absorption enhancement. Using thin film nanostructure arrays, the III-V solar system cost could be greatly reduced, leading to low $/W and high kW/kg flexible solar systems.

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics

Abstract: Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。