CA : A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

Objective To address terminology and other issues related to thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) hosted The NCI Thyroid FNA State of the Science Conference. The conclusions regarding terminology and morphologic criteria from the NCI meeting led to the Bethesda Thyroid Atlas Project and form the framework for the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Design Participants of the Atlas Project were selected from among the committee members of the NCI FNA State of the Science Conference and other participants at the live conference. The terminology framework was based on a literature search of English language publications dating back to 1995 using PubMed as the search engine; online forum discussions ( http://thyroidfna.cancer.gov/forums/default.aspx ); and formal interdisciplinary discussions held on October 22 and 23, 2007, in Bethesda, MD. Main outcome For clarity of communication, the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology recommends that each report begin with one of the six general diagnostic categories. Each of the categories has an implied cancer risk that links it to an appropriate clinical management guideline. Conclusions The project participants hope that the adoption of this framework will facilitate communication among cytopathologists, endocrinologists, surgeons, and radiologists; facilitate cytologic-histologic correlation for thyroid diseases; facilitate research into the understanding of thyroid diseases; and allow easy and reliable sharing of data from different laboratories for national and international collaborative studies.

The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology.

Summary Background Compared with open resection, laparoscopic resection of rectal cancers is associated with improved short-term outcomes, but high-level evidence showing similar long-term outcomes is scarce. We aimed to compare survival outcomes of laparoscopic surgery with open surgery for patients with mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer. Methods The Comparison of Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low REctal cancer After Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN) trial was an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial done between April 4, 2006, and Aug 26, 2009, at three centres in Korea. Patients (aged 18–80 years) with cT3N0–2M0 mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer who had received preoperative chemoradiotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either open or laparoscopic surgery. Randomisation was stratified by sex and preoperative chemotherapy regimen. Investigators were masked to the randomisation sequence; patients and clinicians were not masked to the treatment assignments. The primary endpoint was 3 year disease-free survival, with a non-inferiority margin of 15%. Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00470951. Findings We randomly assigned 340 patients to receive either open surgery (n=170) or laparoscopic surgery (n=170). 3 year disease-free survival was 72·5% (95% CI 65·0–78·6) for the open surgery group and 79·2% (72·3–84·6) for the laparoscopic surgery group, with a difference that was lower than the prespecified non-inferiority margin (–6·7%, 95% CI −15·8 to 2·4; p Interpretation Our results show that laparoscopic resection for locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy provides similar outcomes for disease-free survival as open resection, thus justifying its use. Funding National Cancer Center, South Korea.

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lanonc/PIIS1470-2045(14)70205-0.pdf

Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): survival outcomes of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Objective:To determine the safety of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) compared with open distal gastrectomy (ODG) in patients with clinical stage I gastric cancer in Korea.Background:There is still a lack of large-scale, multicenter randomized trials regarding the safety of LADG.Method

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Decreased Morbidity of Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy Compared With Open Distal Gastrectomy for Stage I Gastric Cancer: Short-term Outcomes From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (KLASS-01).

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The Foundations Of Differential Geometry

First, we introduce the notion of shape operator of Codazzi type for real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric Qm = SOm+2/SOmSO2. Next, we give a complete proof of non-existence of real hypersurfaces in Qm = SOm+2/SOmSO2 with shape operator of Codazzi type. Motivated by this result we have given a complete classification of real hypersurfaces in Qm = SOm+2/SOmSO2 with Reeb parallel shape operator.

Real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric with Reeb parallel shape operator

Real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric with parallel Ricci tensor

We classify real hypersurfaces with isometric Reeb flow in the complex quadrics Qm = SOm+2/SOmSO2, m ≥ 3. We show that m is even, say m = 2k, and any such hypersurface is an open part of a tube around a k-dimensional complex projective space ℂPk which is embedded canonically in Q2k as a totally geodesic complex submanifold. As a consequence, we get the non-existence of real hypersurfaces with isometric Reeb flow in odd-dimensional complex quadrics Q2k+1, k ≥ 1. To our knowledge the odd-dimensional complex quadrics are the first examples of homogeneous Kahler manifolds which do not admit a real hypersurface with isometric Reeb flow.

Real hypersurfaces with isometric reeb flow in complex quadrics

We classify real hypersurfaces in complex projective spaces whose structure Jacobi operator is Lie parallel in the direction of the structure vector field.

Real hypersurfaces in complex projective space whose structure Jacobi operator is Lie ξ-parallel

We introduce the full expression of the curvature tensor of a real hypersurface M in complex two-plane Grassmannians G2(ℂm+2) from the Gauss equation. We then derive a new formula for the Ricci tensor of M in G2(ℂm+2). Finally, we prove that there does not exist any Hopf real hypersurface in complex two-plane Grassmannians G2(ℂm+2) with parallel Ricci tensor.

Young Jin Suh

Papers

Real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric with Reeb parallel shape operator

Real hypersurfaces in the complex quadric with parallel Ricci tensor

Real hypersurfaces with isometric reeb flow in complex quadrics

Real hypersurfaces in complex projective space whose structure Jacobi operator is Lie ξ-parallel

Real hypersurfaces in complex two-plane Grassmannians with parallel Ricci tensor