Yu Huang

Bio: Yu Huang is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Materials science. The author has an hindex of 136, co-authored 1492 publications receiving 89209 citations. Previous affiliations of Yu Huang include The Chinese University of Hong Kong & Samsung.

Aerosol-assisted flow synthesis of B-doped, Ni-doped and B–Ni-codoped TiO2 solid and hollow microspheres for photocatalytic removal of NO

Abstract: In this study, highly effective B-doped, Ni-doped and B–Ni-codoped TiO2 microspheres photocatalysts were directly synthesized via an aerosol-assisted flow synthesis method. The resulting samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption and XPS. The characterizations revealed hollow microspherical structure of the B-doped and B–Ni-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts, while the Ni-doped and undoped TiO2 products consisted of solid microspheres. It was found that the boron dopant was partially embedded into the interstitial TiO2 structure, existing in the form of Ti–O–B structure. The band gap was enlarged after the boron doping. However, both Ni-doped and B–Ni-codoped TiO2 samples showed obvious red shift in their absorption edges because of the Ni doping. The photocatalytic activities of these samples were evaluated on the photocatalytic removal of NO under simulated solar light irradiation. All the aerosol-assisted flow synthesized samples had much higher photocatalytic activities than P25 and the doped TiO2 microspheres exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity than the undoped counterparts. More interestingly, the B–Ni-codoped TiO2 photocatalyst possessed superior photocatalytic activity to the as-prepared single doped TiO2 products. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was explained and the formation mechanisms of hollow and solid microspheres were also proposed on the basis of characterizations. We think this general method may be easily scaled up for industrial production of highly active microspherical photocatalysts for efficient NO removal under simulated solar light irradiation.

Highly-anisotropic optical and electrical properties in layered SnSe

Abstract: Anisotropic materials are of considerable interest because of their unique combination of polarization- or direction-dependent electrical, optical, and thermoelectric properties. Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) materials formed by van der Waals stacking of covalently bonded atomic layers are inherently anisotropic. Layered SnSe exhibits a low degree of lattice symmetry, with a distorted NaCl structure and an in-plane anisotropy. Here we report a systematic study of the in-plane anisotropic properties in layered SnSe, using angle-resolved Raman scattering, optical absorption, and electrical transport studies. The optical and electrical characterization was direction-dependent, and successfully identified the crystalline orientation in the layered SnSe. Furthermore, the dependence of Raman-intensity anisotropy on the SnSe flake thickness and the excitation wavelength were investigated by both experiments and theoretical calculations. Finally, the electrical transport studies demonstrated that few-layer SnSe field-effect transistors (FETs) have a large anisotropic ratio of carrier mobility (∼5.8) between the armchair and zigzag directions, which is a record high value reported for 2D anisotropic materials. The highly-anisotropic properties of layered SnSe indicate considerable promise for anisotropic optics, electronics, and optoelectronics.

Functional Role of Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential 4-Canonical Transient Receptor Potential 1 Complex in Flow-Induced Ca2+ Influx

Abstract: Objective— The present study is aimed at investigating the interaction of TRPV4 with TRPC1 and the functional role of such an interaction in flow-induced Ca 2+ influx. Hemodynamic blood flow is an important physiological factor that modulates vascular tone. One critical early event in this process is a cytosolic Ca 2+ ([Ca 2+ ] i ) rise in endothelial cells in response to flow. Methods and Results— With the use of fluorescence resonance energy transfer, coimmunoprecipitation, and subcellular colocalization methods, it was found that TRPC1 interacts physically with TRPV4 to form a complex. In functional studies, flow elicited a transient [Ca 2+ ] i increase in TRPV4-expressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Coexpression of TRPC1 with TRPV4 markedly prolonged this [Ca 2+ ] i transient; it also enabled this [Ca 2+ ] i transient to be negatively modulated by protein kinase G. Furthermore, this flow-induced [Ca 2+ ] i increase was markedly inhibited by anti–TRPC1-blocking antibody T1E3 and a dominant-negative construct TRPC1Δ567-793 in TRPV4-C1–coexpressing HEK cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. T1E3 also inhibited flow-induced vascular dilation in isolated rat small mesenteric artery segments. Conclusion— This study shows that TRPC1 interacts physically with TRPV4 to form a complex, and this TRPV4-C1 complex may mediate flow-induced Ca 2+ influx in vascular endothelial cells. The association of TRPC1 with TRPV4 prolongs the flow-induced [Ca 2+ ] i transient, and it also enables this [Ca 2+ ] i transient to be negatively modulated by protein kinase G. This TRPV4-C1 complex plays a key role in flow-induced endothelial Ca 2+ influx.

Adiponectin prevents diabetic premature senescence of endothelial progenitor cells and promotes endothelial repair by suppressing the p38 MAP kinase/p16INK4A signaling pathway

Abstract: OBJECTIVE A reduced number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are casually associated with the cardiovascular complication of diabetes. Adiponectin exerts multiple protective effects against cardiovascular disease, independent of its insulin-sensitizing activity. The objective of this study was to investigate whether adiponectin plays a role in modulating the bioavailability of circulating EPCs and endothelial repair. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Adiponectin knockout mice were crossed with db+/− mice to produce db/db diabetic mice without adiponectin. Circulating number of EPCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Reendothelialization was evaluated by staining with Evans blue after wire-induced carotid injury. RESULTS In adiponectin knockout mice, the number of circulating EPCs decreased in an age-dependent manner compared with the wild-type controls, and this difference was reversed by the chronic infusion of recombinant adiponectin. In db/db diabetic mice, the lack of adiponectin aggravated the hyperglycemia-induced decrease in circulating EPCs and also diminished the stimulatory effects of the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on EPC production and reendothelialization. In EPCs isolated from both human peripheral blood and mouse bone marrow, treatment with adiponectin prevented high glucose–induced premature senescence. At the molecular level, adiponectin decreased high glucose–induced accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and consequently suppressed activation of p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) and expression of the senescence marker p16INK4A. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin prevents EPC senescence by inhibiting the ROS/p38 MAPK/p16INK4A signaling cascade. The protective effects of adiponectin against diabetes vascular complications are attributed in part to its ability to counteract hyperglycemia-mediated decrease in the number of circulating EPCs.

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics

Abstract: Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。