Yu Huang

Bio: Yu Huang is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Materials science. The author has an hindex of 136, co-authored 1492 publications receiving 89209 citations. Previous affiliations of Yu Huang include The Chinese University of Hong Kong & Samsung.

Controllable Synthesis of Core–Shell Bi@Amorphous Bi2O3 Nanospheres with Tunable Optical and Photocatalytic Activity for NO Removal

Abstract: The size, morphology, and structure of a Bi nanoparticle can significantly affect its photocatalytic performance. In this study, core–shell structured Bi@amorphous Bi2O3 nanospheres were synthesized through a one-step solvothermal method, and the reaction mechanisms on NO removal were proposed. It was found that Bi nanoparticles can generate charge carriers by surface plasma resonance (SPR) under visible light irradiation, while the surface amorphous Bi2O3 layer can facilitate the charge carriers’ separation. The Bi@Bi2O3 sample with the synthesis time of 18 h exhibited superior visible light photocatalytic activity for NO degradation, attributed to the suited size and suitable amorphous Bi2O3 layer. •O2–, 1O2, and •OH radicals were identified as the main reactive species involved in the photocatalysis processes. Moreover, the enhancement mechanisms of photocatalytic NO removal over Bi@Bi2O3 samples were discussed. This study demonstrated that the fabrication of core–shell structured Bi@Bi2O3 is a good st...

Chronic angiotensin (1???7) injection accelerates STZ-induced diabetic renal injury

Abstract: Aim: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a critical role in blood pressure control and body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. In the past few years, angio-tensin (Ang) (1–7) has been reported to counteract the effects of Ang II and was even considered as a new therapeutical target in RAS. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Ang (1–7) administration on a diabetic animal model and the modulation on local RAS. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) injection-induced diabetic rats were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into 3 groups: (1) control; (2) STZ-induced diabetes; and (3) STZ-induced diabetes with chronic Ang (1–7) treatment [D+Ang(1–7)]. In the D+Ang(1–7) group, a dose of 25 μg·kg−1·h−1 of Ang (1–7) was continually injected through the jugular vein by embedding mini-osmotic pump for 6 weeks. Plasma glucose, ratio of kidney to body weight, and 24 h urine protein and serum creatinine were monitored by conventional measurement. Plasma and renal Ang II levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Ang-converting enzyme (ACE), ACE2, Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor, Ang II type 2 (AT2) receptor, Ang (1–7) Mas receptor, and TGF-β1 mRNA levels were measured by real time PCR; ACE, ACE2, and TGF-β1 protein levels were analyzed by Western blotting. Results: The renal function of diabetic rats was significantly retrogressed when compared with that of control rats. After the treatment by constant Ang (1–7) vein injection for 6 weeks, renal function was found to be even worse than diabetic rats, and both TGF-β1 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in the D+Ang(1–7) group compared with the diabetic rats. The real-time PCR result also showed an increase in ACE mRNA expression and decrease in ACE2 mRNA level in the D+Ang(1–7) group when compared with diabetic rats. The number of AT1 receptors increased in the Ang (1–7)-injected group, while the number of AT2 and Mas receptors decreased. Conclusion: Exogenous Ang (1–7) injection did not ameliorate STZ-induced diabetic rat renal injury; on the contrary, it accelerated the progressive diabetic nephropathies.

Upregulation of Angiotensin (1-7)-Mediated Signaling Preserves Endothelial Function Through Reducing Oxidative Stress in Diabetes

Abstract: Aims: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)–angiotensin (1-7) [Ang (1-7)]-Mas constitutes the vasoprotective axis and is demonstrated to antagonize the vascular pathophysiological effects of the classical renin–angiotensin system. We sought to study the hypothesis that upregulation of ACE2-Ang (1-7) signaling protects endothelial function through reducing oxidative stress that would result in beneficial outcome in diabetes. Results: Ex vivo treatment with Ang (1-7) enhanced endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in renal arteries from diabetic patients. Both Ang (1-7) infusion via osmotic pump (500 ng/kg/min) for 2 weeks and exogenous ACE2 overexpression mediated by adenoviral ACE2 via tail vein injection (109 pfu/mouse) rescued the impaired EDR and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in db/db mice. Diminazene aceturate treatment (15 mg/kg/day) activated ACE2, increased the circulating Ang (1-7) level, and augmented EDR and FMD in db/db mouse arteries. In addition, activation of the ACE2-Ang (1-7) ax...

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics

Abstract: Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。