Yusoff Nukman

Bio: Yusoff Nukman is an academic researcher from University of Malaya. The author has contributed to research in topics: Machining & Laser power scaling. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 73 publications receiving 1918 citations.

Application of vegetable oil-based metalworking fluids in machining ferrous metals—A review

Abstract: The increasing attention to the environmental and health impacts of industrial activities by governmental regulations and by the growing awareness level in the society is forcing industrialists to reduce the use of mineral oil-based metalworking fluids as cutting fluid. Cutting fluids have been used extensively in metal cutting operations for the last 200 years. In the beginning, cutting fluids consisted of simple oils applied with brushes to lubricate and cool the machine tool. As cutting operations became more severe, cutting fluid formulations became more complex. There are now several types of cutting fluids in the market and the most common types can be broadly categorized as cutting oils or water-miscible fluids. In this review, the applicability of vegetable oil-based metalworking fluids in machining of ferrous metals has been undertaken. The advantages of metalworking fluids and its performances with respect to the cutting force, surface finish of work piece, tool wear and temperature at the cutting zone have been investigated. It has been reported in various literature that metalworking fluids, which are vegetable oil-based, could be an environmentally friendly mode of machining with similar performance obtained using mineral oil-based metalworking fluids.

Present needs, recent progress and future trends of energy-efficient Ultra-Low Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Steelmaking (ULCOS) program

Abstract: The iron and steel industry is the largest energy consuming manufacturing sector, consuming 5% of the world׳s total energy consumption and producing 6% of the total world anthropogenic CO 2 emission. Under the European Ultra Low CO 2 Steelmaking (ULCOS) program, several breakthrough technologies for the drastic reduction of CO 2 emissions from iron and steelmaking industry have been investigated, including (1) blast furnace with top-gas recycling (TGR-BF),(2) a new smelting reduction process (HIsarna), (3) advanced direct reduction (ULCORED) and (4) electrolysis of iron ore (ULCOWIN and ULCOLYSIS). Besides, hydrogen-based steel making and the use of biomass as reducing agent have been evaluated as supporting technology to decrease CO 2 emissions. The aim of the present article is to analyze the technological developments in iron and steel industry and the progress of present experimental works developed inside the ULCOS I and II projects by collating updated information from a wide range of sources. In addition, the breakthrough technologies expected to develop or are currently being demonstrated at pilot/industrial scale for significant reduction of CO 2 emissions in Europe have been identified in this paper. Economic and environmental performance of the ULCOS cutting edge technologies shows that the implementation of CCS technology in coal-based integrated steel plants might reduce 80% of CO 2 emissions. However, hydrogen and biomass-based steelmaking also offers very attractive perspectives, while raising lots of major challenges. Finally, comparative assessment of the ULCOS program with others CO 2 breakthrough programs around the world has also been done.

A hybrid approach for fuzzy multi-attribute decision making in machine tool selection with consideration of the interactions of attributes

Abstract: Global economic competition has spurred the manufacturing sector to improve and invest in modern equipment to satisfy the needs of the market. In particular, machine tool selection is the most important problem; it plays a primary role in the improvement of productivity and flexibility in the manufacturing environment and involves the imprecise, vague and uncertain information. This paper presents the hybrid approach of the fuzzy ANP (Analytic Network Process) and COPRAS-G (COmplex PRoportional ASsessment of alternatives with Grey relations) for fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making in evaluating machine tools with consideration of the interactions of the attributes. The fuzzy ANP is used to handle the imprecise, vague and uncertain information from expert judgments and model the interaction, feedback relationships and interdependence among the attributes to determine the weights of the attributes. COPRAS-G is employed to present the preference ratio of the alternatives in interval values with respect to each attribute and calculate the weighted priorities of the machine alternatives. Alternatives are ranked in ascending order by priority. As a demonstration of the proposed model, a numerical example is implemented based on the collected data and the literature. The result is then compared with the rankings provided by other methods such as TOPSIS-G, SAW-G and GRA. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to verify the robustness of the ranking. The result highlights that the hybrid approach of the fuzzy ANP and COPRAS-G is a highly flexible tool and reaches an effective decision in machine tool selection.

Material selection of polymeric composite automotive bumper beam using analytical hierarchy process

Abstract: Selection of materials, as an area of design research, has been under considerable interest over the years. Materials selection is one of the most important activities in the product development process. Inappropriate decision of materials can cause the product to be reproduced or remanufactured. To avoid this circumstance, one of the useful tools that can be employed in determining the most appropriate material is analytical hierarchy process (AHP). To illustrate the application of AHP, six different types of composite materials were considered. The most appropriate one for suitability of use in manufacturing automotive bumper beam was determined by considering eight main selection factors and 12 sub-factors. The AHP analysis reveals that the glass fibre epoxy is the most appropriate material because it has the highest value (25.7%, mass fraction) compared with other materials. The final material is obtained by performing six different scenarios of the sensitivity analysis. It is proved that glass fibre epoxy is the most optimum decision.

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Abstract: THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

Solar energy for future world: - A review

Abstract: World׳s energy demand is growing fast because of population explosion and technological advancements. It is therefore important to go for reliable, cost effective and everlasting renewable energy source for energy demand arising in future. Solar energy, among other renewable sources of energy, is a promising and freely available energy source for managing long term issues in energy crisis. Solar industry is developing steadily all over the world because of the high demand for energy while major energy source, fossil fuel, is limited and other sources are expensive. It has become a tool to develop economic status of developing countries and to sustain the lives of many underprivileged people as it is now cost effective after a long aggressive researches done to expedite its development. The solar industry would definitely be a best option for future energy demand since it is superior in terms of availability, cost effectiveness, accessibility, capacity and efficiency compared to other renewable energy sources. This paper therefore discusses about the need of solar industry with its fundamental concepts, worlds energy scenario, highlights of researches done to upgrade solar industry, its potential applications and barriers for better solar industry in future in order to resolve energy crisis.