Author
Z. Li
Bio: Z. Li is an academic researcher from Brookhaven National Laboratory. The author has contributed to research in topics: Radiation hardening & Semiconductor detector. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 10 publications receiving 274 citations.
Papers
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KEK1, University of Liverpool2, University of Glasgow3, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics4, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic5, University of Cambridge6, Brookhaven National Laboratory7, Lancaster University8, Jožef Stefan Institute9, University of Geneva10, Stony Brook University11, Charles University in Prague12, University of Sheffield13, Spanish National Research Council14, University of New Mexico15, University of Tsukuba16, University of Freiburg17, Hamamatsu Photonics18
21 Apr 2011-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a highly radiation-tolerant n-in-p silicon microstrip sensor for very high radiation environments such as in the Super Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: We have developed a novel and highly radiation-tolerant n-in-p silicon microstrip sensor for very high radiation environments such as in the Super Large Hadron Collider. The sensors are designed for a fluence of 1×1015 neq/cm2 and are fabricated from p-type, FZ, 6 in. (150 mm) wafers onto which we lay out a single 9.75 cm×9.75 cm large-area sensor and several 1 cm×1 cm miniature sensors with various n-strip isolation structures. By evaluating the sensors both pre- and post-irradiation by protons and neutrons, we find that the full depletion voltage evolves to approximately 800 V and that the n-strip isolation depends on the p+ concentration. In addition, we characterize the interstrip resistance, interstrip capacitance and the punch-through-protection (PTP) voltage. The first fabrication batch allowed us to identify the weak spots in the PTP and the stereo strip layouts. By understanding the source of the weakness, the mask was modified accordingly. After modification, the follow-up fabrication batches and the latest fabrication of about 30 main sensors and associated miniature sensors have shown good performance, with no sign of microdischarge up to 1000 V.
79 citations
01 Oct 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the technical layout and the envisaged performance of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for the PANDA target spectrometer.
Abstract: This document presents the technical layout and the envisaged performance of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for the
PANDA target spectrometer. The EMC has been designed to meet the physics goals of the PANDA experiment. The performance figures are based on extensive prototype tests and radiation hardness studies. The document shows that the EMC is ready for construction up to the front-end electronics interface.
41 citations
University of Tsukuba1, University of Liverpool2, University of Glasgow3, University of California, Santa Cruz4, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic5, University of Cambridge6, Brookhaven National Laboratory7, Lancaster University8, University of Ljubljana9, University of Geneva10, Stony Brook University11, Charles University in Prague12, University of Sheffield13, Spanish National Research Council14, University of New Mexico15, KEK16, University of Freiburg17
21 Apr 2011-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed n+-in-p, p-bulk and n-readout, microstrip sensors, fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics, as a non-inverting radiation hard silicon detector for the ATLAS tracker upgrade at the super-LHC (sLHC) proposed facility.
Abstract: We are developing n+-in-p, p-bulk and n-readout, microstrip sensors, fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics, as a non-inverting radiation hard silicon detector for the ATLAS tracker upgrade at the super-LHC (sLHC) proposed facility. The bulk radiation damage after neutron and proton irradiations is characterized with the leakage current, charge collection and full depletion voltage. The detectors should provide acceptable signal, signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 15, after the integrated luminosity of 6000 fb−1, which is twice the sLHC integrated luminosity goal.
38 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the technical layout and the envisaged performance of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for the PANDA target spectrometer.
Abstract: This document presents the technical layout and the envisaged performance of the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for the PANDA target spectrometer. The EMC has been designed to meet the physics goals of the PANDA experiment, which is being developed for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at Darmstadt, Germany. The performance figures are based on extensive prototype tests and radiation hardness studies. The document shows that the EMC is ready for construction up to the front-end electronics interface.
37 citations
University of California, Santa Cruz1, University of Liverpool2, University of Glasgow3, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic4, University of Cambridge5, Brookhaven National Laboratory6, Lancaster University7, University of Ljubljana8, University of Geneva9, Stony Brook University10, Charles University in Prague11, University of Sheffield12, Spanish National Research Council13, University of New Mexico14, University of Tsukuba15, KEK16, University of Freiburg17
21 Apr 2011-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed n+inp, p-bulk and n-readout, microstrip sensors as a non-inverting radiation hard silicon detector for the ATLAS Tracker Upgrade at the super LHC experiment.
Abstract: We are developing n+-in-p, p-bulk and n-readout, microstrip sensors as a non-inverting radiation hard silicon detector for the ATLAS Tracker Upgrade at the super LHC experiment. The surface radiation damages of the sensors fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics are characterized on the interstrip capacitance, interstrip resistance and punch-through protection evolution. The detector should provide acceptable strip isolation, exceeding the input impedance of the signal readout chip ∼1 kΩ, after the integrated luminosity of 6 ab−1, which is twice the luminosity goal.
31 citations
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TL;DR: This paper categorizes the work on wearable flexible sensors according to the materials used for designing the system, the network protocols, and different types of activities that were being monitored.
Abstract: This paper provides a review on some of the significant research work done on wearable flexible sensors (WFSs). Sensors fabricated with the flexible materials have been attached to a person along with the embedded system to monitor a parameter and transfer the significant data to the monitoring unit for the further analyses. The use of wearable sensors has played a quite important role to monitor the physiological parameters of a person to minimize any malfunctioning happening in the body. This paper categorizes the work according to the materials used for designing the system, the network protocols, and different types of activities that were being monitored. The challenges faced by the current sensing systems and future opportunities for the WFSs regarding its market values are also briefly explained in this paper.
368 citations
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Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility1, Hampton University2, University of Paris-Sud3, University of Santiago, Chile4, Brookhaven National Laboratory5, University of Pavia6, University of Groningen7, Federico Santa María Technical University8, Shandong University9, Goethe University Frankfurt10, Stony Brook University11, Baruch College12, Duke University13, Argonne National Laboratory14, The Catholic University of America15, Old Dominion University16, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory17, Ohio State University18, University of Zagreb19, University of Jyväskylä20, Tel Aviv University21, CERN22, Temple University23, Massachusetts Institute of Technology24, Columbia University25, Ruhr University Bochum26, California Institute of Technology27, University of Massachusetts Amherst28, University of Buenos Aires29, University of the Basque Country30, University of Connecticut31, University of Tübingen32, Pennsylvania State University33, Stanford University34, Dalhousie University35, Central China Normal University36
TL;DR: The science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community was presented in this article.
Abstract: This White Paper presents the science case of an Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), focused on the structure and interactions of gluon-dominated matter, with the intent to articulate it to the broader nuclear science community. It was commissioned by the managements of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) with the objective of presenting a summary of scientific opportunities and goals of the EIC as a follow-up to the 2007 NSAC Long Range plan. This document is a culmination of a community-wide effort in nuclear science following a series of workshops on EIC physics and, in particular, the focused ten-week program on "Gluons and quark sea at high energies" at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Fall 2010. It contains a brief description of a few golden physics measurements along with accelerator and detector concepts required to achieve them, and it benefited from inputs from the users' communities of BNL and JLab. This White Paper offers the promise to propel the QCD science program in the U.S., established with the CEBAF accelerator at JLab and the RHIC collider at BNL, to the next QCD frontier.
320 citations
TL;DR: It can be concluded that non-invasive WFSs for sweat analysis have only skimmed the surface of their health monitoring potential and further significant advancement is sure to be made in the medical field.
Abstract: The state-of-the-art in wearable flexible sensors (WFSs) for sweat analyte detection was investigated. Recent advances show the development of integrated, mechanically flexible and multiplexed sens...
220 citations
TL;DR: A review of radiation-induced displacement damage effects in semiconductor devices is presented in this paper, with emphasis placed on silicon technology, including effects produced in silicon particle detectors, visible imaging arrays, and solar cells.
Abstract: A review of radiation-induced displacement damage effects in semiconductor devices is presented, with emphasis placed on silicon technology. The history of displacement damage studies is summarized, and damage production mechanisms are discussed. Properties of defect clusters and isolated defects are addressed. Displacement damage effects in materials and devices are considered, including effects produced in silicon particle detectors, visible imaging arrays, and solar cells. Additional topics examined include NIEL scaling, carrier concentration changes, random telegraph signals, radiation hardness assurance, and simulation methods for displacement damage. Areas needing further study are noted.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ATLAS Collaboration will upgrade its semiconductor pixel tracking detector with a new Insertable B-layer (IBL) between the existing pixel detector and the vacuum pipe of the Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: The ATLAS Collaboration will upgrade its semiconductor pixel tracking detector with a new Insertable B-layer (IBL) between the existing pixel detector and the vacuum pipe of the Large Hadron Collider. The extreme operating conditions at this location have necessitated the development of new radiation hard pixel sensor technologies and a new front-end readout chip, called the FE-I4. Planar pixel sensors and 3D pixel sensors have been investigated to equip this new pixel layer, and prototype modules using the FE-I4A have been fabricated and characterized using 120 GeV pions at the CERN SPS and 4 GeV positrons at DESY, before and after module irradiation. Beam test results are presented, including charge collection efficiency, tracking efficiency and charge sharing.
154 citations