Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution by macrofungus (Lactarius scrobiculatus) biomass

Autism is a multi-factorial pathology observed in children with altered levels of essential and elevated levels of toxic elements. There are also studies reporting a decrease in nutritional trace elements in the hair and nail of autistic children with healthy controls; moreover, bioelements have been shown to play an important role in the central nervous system. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to assess the levels of trace elements like copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and selenium (Se) and toxic elements like mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in the hair and nail samples of autistic children and to evaluate whether the level of these elements could be correlated with the severity of autism. The subjects of the study were 45 autistic children with different grades of severity (low (LFA), medium (MFA), and high (HFA) functioning autism) according to Childhood Autism Rating Scale, n = 15 children in each group and 50 healthy children (age and sex matched). The boys and girls ratio involved in this study was 4:1, and they were 4-12 years of age. The study observed a valid indication of Cu body burden in the autistic children. The children with different grades of autism showed high significance (p < 0.001) in the level of copper in their hair and nail samples when compared to healthy controls. The level of Cu in the autistic children could be correlated with their degree of severity (more the Cu burden severe is autism). The study showed a significant elevation (p < 0.001) in the levels of toxic metals Pb and Hg in both hair and nail samples of autistic children when compared to healthy control group. The elevation was much pronounced in LFA group subjects when compared among autistic groups MFA and HFA. The levels of trace elements Mg and Se were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in autistic children when compared to control. The trace element Zn showed significant variation in both hair and nails of LFA group children when compared to control group and other study groups. The significant elevation in the concentration of Cu, Pb, and Hg and significant decrease in the concentration of Mg and Se observed in the hair and nail samples of autistic subjects could be well correlated with their degrees of severity.

Level of Trace Elements (Copper, Zinc, Magnesium and Selenium) and Toxic Elements (Lead and Mercury) in the Hair and Nail of Children with Autism

Adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution by native and activated bentonite: kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic study.

Road traffic noise effects on cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic health: An integrative model of biological mechanisms.

Human exposure to toxic metals via contaminated dust: Bio-accumulation trends and their potential risk estimation.

The determination of toxic elements in the biological samples of human beings is an important clinical screening procedure. The aim of this work was to determine total content of toxic elements—alu...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08860220802212999

Evaluation of Toxic Metals in Blood and Urine Samples of Chronic Renal Failure Patients, before and after Dialysis

Background: Increased cholesterol in blood plays the role in atherosclerosis formation. It is observed that stress increases cholesterol level. Most of previous studies were conducted on biological risk factors like blood lipids under stress in middle aged persons who remained under investigations for heart problems. Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the changes in blood lipids and blood cortisol along with sympatheo-adnergic responses determined by selected haemodynamic parameters during psychological stress. Methods: Male participants (n=114) were randomly selected. They were examined two times , for stress task of viva-voce (degree examination) and during non-stress period. Final selection of participants was depending on stress assessment and their well being. Results: Cortisol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rate (HR) were significantly increased during stress period with p <0.001 for each parameter. But different blood lipids levels (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) were detected with different significant levels. The correlations of changed lipids with raised findings of haemodynamics and cortisol were also evaluated. Conclusion: Further studies in our population are needed to evaluate the relation of changes in various biological risk factors including IL-9 and sympatho-adernergic activities with stress factors related to our social/ environmental problems, especially genetically based psychological factors. Keywords: Cholesterols, Haemodynamics, Cortisol, psychological stress.

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Study of blood lipids, cortisol and haemodynamic variations under stress in male adults.

Introduction: High blood cholesterol is claimed as a risk factor but recently it is accepted that cholesterol is increased under psychological stress. When raised in blood, cholesterol plays role in atherosclerosis formation; a role which is being debated since last many decades but still various questions is un-answered. Role of stress in early atherogenesis with association to alteration in blood lipids has been proposed but the available literature is scanty on the subject.
Objective: To explore the association of alterations in blood lipids, cortisol level and hemodynamics under mental stress in youth with no apparent heart disease.
Methodology: 114 male participants were selected from 397 volunteers as per ‘selection criterion’ approved by scientific committee. The volunteers were examined two times: during stress task as ‘stress-study’ and during non-stress period as ‘control’ according to ‘paired sample’ design. Thus, 56.54% apparently healthy subjects were included with exclusion ratio of 43.58%. All experiments were conducted under standard methods at LINAR-Larkana and Physiology Department of Sindh University, Jamshoro. Blood sample were taken between 9.00 am to 12.00 pm.
Results: Cortisol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate were significantly increased during stress session. Different lipid levels were changed with different significant values. Correlations of some altered lipid levels with raised values of hemodynamics and cortisol detected were positive and significant.
Conclusion: Most changes in the level of variables were found prone to be “atherogenic in pattern” due to psychological stress. This work may pave a way for better understanding of relationship in between lipid alterations, mental stress and early atherogenesis. For that further studies are needed.
 
Key Words: Cholesterol, Hemodynamics, Cortisol, psychological stress.

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Zafar Ali Pirzado

Papers

Evaluation of Toxic Metals in Blood and Urine Samples of Chronic Renal Failure Patients, before and after Dialysis

Study of blood lipids, cortisol and haemodynamic variations under stress in male adults.

Association of blood lipids, cortisol and Hemodynamics Under stress: A possible role in early Atherogenesis