Zengchen Yu

Bio: Zengchen Yu is an academic researcher from Qingdao University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Computer science & Deep learning. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 4 publications receiving 59 citations.

Multi-disease prediction based on deep learning: A survey

Abstract: In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and the gradual beginning of AI's research in the medical field have allowed people to see the excellent prospects of the integration of AI and healthcare. Among them, the hot deep learning field has shown greater potential in applications such as disease prediction and drug response prediction. From the initial logistic regression model to the machine learning model, and then to the deep learning model today, the accuracy of medical disease prediction has been continuously improved, and the performance in all aspects has also been significantly improved. This article introduces some basic deep learning frameworks and some common diseases, and summarizes the deep learning prediction methods corresponding to different diseases. Point out a series of problems in the current disease prediction, and make a prospect for the future development. It aims to clarify the effectiveness of deep learning in disease prediction, and demonstrates the high correlation between deep learning and the medical field in future development. The unique feature extraction methods of deep learning methods can still play an important role in future medical research. © 2021 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machine for Digital Twins Based Brain Image Fusion

Abstract: The purpose is to explore the feature recognition, diagnosis, and forecasting performances of Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machines (S3VMs) for brain image fusion Digital Twins (DTs). Both unlabeled and labeled data are used regarding many unlabeled data in brain images, and semi supervised support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Meantime, the AlexNet model is improved, and the brain images in real space are mapped to virtual space by using digital twins. Moreover, a diagnosis and prediction model of brain image fusion digital twins based on semi supervised SVM and improved AlexNet is constructed. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data from the Brain Tumor Department of a Hospital are collected to test the performance of the constructed model through simulation experiments. Some state-of-art models are included for performance comparison: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), AlexNet, and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). Results demonstrate that the proposed model can provide a feature recognition and extraction accuracy of 92.52%, at least an improvement of 2.76% compared to other models. Its training lasts for about 100 s, and the test takes about 0.68 s. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of the proposed model are 4.91 and 5.59%, respectively. Regarding the assessment indicators of brain image segmentation and fusion, the proposed model can provide a 79.55% Jaccard coefficient, a 90.43% Positive Predictive Value (PPV), a 73.09% Sensitivity, and a 75.58% Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), remarkably better than other models. Acceleration efficiency analysis suggests that the improved AlexNet model is suitable for processing massive brain image data with a higher speedup indicator. To sum up, the constructed model can provide high accuracy, good acceleration efficiency, and excellent segmentation and recognition performances while ensuring low errors, which can provide an experimental basis for brain image feature recognition and digital diagnosis.

Research on Disease Prediction Based on Improved DeepFM and IoMT

Abstract: In recent years, with the increase of computer computing power, Deep Learning has begun to be favored. Its learning of non-linear feature combinations has played a role that traditional machine learning cannot reach in almost every field. The application of Deep Learning has also driven the advancement of Factorization Machine (FM) in the field of recommendation systems, because Deep Learning and FM can learn high-order and low-order features combinations respectively, and FM’s hidden vector system enables it to learn information from sparse data. The integration of them has attracted the attention of many scholars. They have researched many classic models such as Factorization-supported Neural Network (FNN), Product-based Neural Networks (PNN), Inner PNN (IPNN), Wide&Deep, Deep&Cross, DeepFM, etc. for the Click-Through-Rate (CTR) problem, and their performance is getting better and better. This kind of model is also suitable for agriculture, meteorology, disease prediction and other fields due to the above advantages. Based on the DeepFM model, we predicts the incidence of hepatitis in each sample in the structured disease prediction data of the 2020 Artificial Intelligence Challenge Preliminary Competition, and make minor improvements and parameter adjustments to DeepFM. Compared with other models, the improved DeepFM has excellent performance in AUC. This research can be applied to electronic medical records to reduce the workload of doctors and make doctors focus on the samples with higher predicted incidence rates. For some changing data, such as blood pressure, height, weight, cholesterol, etc., we can introduce the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT’s sensors can be used to conduct transmission to ensure that the disease can be predicted in time, just in case. After joining IoMT, a healthcare system is formed, which is superior in forecasting and time performance.

Deep Learning-based Smart Predictive Evaluation for Interactive Multimedia-enabled Smart Healthcare

Abstract: Two-dimensional1 arrays of bi-component structures made of cobalt and permalloy elliptical dots with thickness of 25 nm, length 1 mm and width of 225 nm, have been prepared by a self-aligned shadow deposition technique. Brillouin light scattering has been exploited to study the frequency dependence of thermally excited magnetic eigenmodes on the intensity of the external magnetic field, applied along the easy axis of the elements. This study aims to enhance the security for people's health, improve the medical level further, and increase the confidentiality of people's privacy information. Under the trend of wide application of deep learning algorithms, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is modified to build an interactive smart healthcare prediction and evaluation model (SHPE model) based on the deep learning model. The model is optimized and standardized for data processing. Then, the constructed model is simulated to analyze its performance. The results show that accuracy of the constructed system reaches 82.4%, which is at least 2.4% higher than other advanced CNN algorithms and 3.3% higher than other classical machine algorithms. It is proved based on comparison that the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 of the constructed model are the highest. Further analysis on error shows that the constructed model shows the smallest error of 23.34 pixels. Therefore, it is proved that the built SHPE model shows higher prediction accuracy and smaller error while ensuring the safety performance, which provides an experimental reference for the prediction and evaluation of smart healthcare treatment in the later stage.

OpenAI ChatGPT Generated Literature Review: Digital Twin in Healthcare

Abstract: — Literature review articles are essential to summarize the related work in the selected field. However, covering all related studies takes too much time and effort. This study questions how Artificial Intelligence can be used in this process. We used ChatGPT to create a literature review article to show the stage of the OpenAI ChatGPT artificial intelligence application. As the subject, the applications of Digital Twin in the health field were chosen. Abstracts of the last three years (2020, 2021 and 2022) papers were obtained from the keyword "Digital twin in healthcare" search results on Google Scholar and paraphrased by ChatGPT. Later on, we asked ChatGPT questions. The results are promising; however, the paraphrased parts had significant matches when checked with the Ithenticate tool. This article is the first attempt to show the compilation and expression of knowledge will be accelerated with the help of artificial intelligence. We are still at the beginning of such advances. The future academic publishing process will require less human effort, which in turn will allow academics to focus on their studies. In future studies, we will monitor citations to this study to evaluate the academic validity of the content produced by the ChatGPT.

A survey on parameter identification, state estimation and data analytics for lateral flow immunoassay: from systems science perspective

Abstract: Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), as a well-known point-of-care testing (POCT) technique, is of vital significance in a variety of application scenarios due to the advantages of convenience and high efficiency. With rapid development of computational intelligence (CI), algorithms have played an important role in enhancing LFIA performance, and it is necessary to summary how algorithms can assist LFIA improvement for providing experiences. However, most existing works on LFIA are from biochemical field which pay more attention to material and reagent. Therefore, in this paper, a systematical survey is proposed to review works on applying mathematical tools to promote LFIA development. Particularly, a novel two-level taxonomy is designed for a better inspection, including LFIA-oriented mathematical modelling, CI-assisted post-processing and quantification in LFIA, and each level is further subdivided for in-depth understanding. In addition, from a higher viewpoint, outlooks of jointly developing POCT with other state-of-the-art techniques are presented from perspectives of implementation principle, technical approach and algorithm application. Moreover, this survey aims to highlight that applying CI methods is competent for boosting POCT development, so as to raise attentions from more areas like information science, extend deeper researches and inspire more interdisciplinary works.

Extraction of Olive Crown Based on UAV Visible Images and the U2-Net Deep Learning Model

Abstract: Olive trees, which are planted widely in China, are economically significant. Timely and accurate acquisition of olive tree crown information is vital in monitoring olive tree growth and accurately predicting its fruit yield. The advent of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and deep learning (DL) provides an opportunity for rapid monitoring parameters of the olive tree crown. In this study, we propose a method of automatically extracting olive crown information (crown number and area of olive tree), combining visible-light images captured by consumer UAV and a new deep learning model, U2-Net, with a deeply nested structure. Firstly, a data set of an olive tree crown (OTC) images was constructed, which was further processed by the ESRGAN model to enhance the image resolution and was augmented (geometric transformation and spectral transformation) to enlarge the data set to increase the generalization ability of the model. Secondly, four typical subareas (A–D) in the study area were selected to evaluate the performance of the U2-Net model in olive crown extraction in different scenarios, and the U2-Net model was compared with three current mainstream deep learning models (i.e., HRNet, U-Net, and DeepLabv3+) in remote sensing image segmentation effect. The results showed that the U2-Net model achieved high accuracy in the extraction of tree crown numbers in the four subareas with a mean of intersection over union (IoU), overall accuracy (OA), and F1-Score of 92.27%, 95.19%, and 95.95%, respectively. Compared with the other three models, the IoU, OA, and F1-Score of the U2-Net model increased by 14.03–23.97 percentage points, 7.57–12.85 percentage points, and 8.15–14.78 percentage points, respectively. In addition, the U2-Net model had a high consistency between the predicted and measured area of the olive crown, and compared with the other three deep learning models, it had a lower error rate with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 4.78, magnitude of relative error (MRE) of 14.27%, and a coefficient of determination (R2) higher than 0.93 in all four subareas, suggesting that the U2-Net model extracted the best crown profile integrity and was most consistent with the actual situation. This study indicates that the method combining UVA RGB images with the U2-Net model can provide a highly accurate and robust extraction result for olive tree crowns and is helpful in the dynamic monitoring and management of orchard trees.

Advancing the cybersecurity of the healthcare system with self-optimising and self-adaptative artificial intelligence (part 2)

Abstract: This article advances the knowledge on teaching and training new artificial intelligence algorithms, for securing, preparing, and adapting the healthcare system to cope with future pandemics. The core objective is to develop a concept healthcare system supported by autonomous artificial intelligence that can use edge health devices with real-time data. The article constructs two case scenarios for applying cybersecurity with autonomous artificial intelligence for (1) self-optimising predictive cyber risk analytics of failures in healthcare systems during a Disease X event (i.e., undefined future pandemic), and (2) self-adaptive forecasting of medical production and supply chain bottlenecks during future pandemics. To construct the two testing scenarios, the article uses the case of Covid-19 to synthesise data for the algorithms i.e., for optimising and securing digital healthcare systems in anticipation of disease X. The testing scenarios are built to tackle the logistical challenges and disruption of complex production and supply chains for vaccine distribution with optimisation algorithms.

An intelligent computer method for vibration responses of the spinning multi-layer symmetric nanosystem using multi-physics modeling

Abstract: This article is the first attempt to employ deep learning to estimate the frequency performance of the rotating multi-layer nanodisks. The optimum values of the parameters involved in the mechanism of the fully connected neural network are determined through the momentum-based optimizer. The strength of the method applied in this survey comes from the high accuracy besides lower epochs needed to train the multi-layered network. It should be mentioned that the current nanostructure is modeled as a nanodisk on the viscoelastic substrate. Due to rotation, the centrifugal and Coriolis effects are considered. Hamilton’s principle and generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) are presented for obtaining and solving the governing equations of the high-speed rotating nanodisk on a viscoelastic substrate. The outcomes show that the number of layers viscoelastic foundation, angular velocity speed, angle of ply, nonlocal, and length-scale parameters have a considerable impact on the amplitude and vibration behavior of a laminated rotating cantilevered nanodisk. As an applicable result in related industries, in the initial value of radius ratio, damping of the foundation does not have any effect on the dynamics of the system, but when the outer radius is bigger enough, the effect of damping parameter on the frequency of the laminated nanostructure will be bold sharply.