Zhang Wei

Bio: Zhang Wei is an academic researcher from Second Military Medical University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Truss & Sink (geography). The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 10 publications receiving 863 citations.

Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy on Time to Clinical Improvement in Patients With Severe and Life-threatening COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Abstract: Importance Convalescent plasma is a potential therapeutic option for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but further data from randomized clinical trials are needed. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of convalescent plasma therapy for patients with COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants Open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial performed in 7 medical centers in Wuhan, China, from February 14, 2020, to April 1, 2020, with final follow-up April 28, 2020. The trial included 103 participants with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 that was severe (respiratory distress and/or hypoxemia) or life-threatening (shock, organ failure, or requiring mechanical ventilation). The trial was terminated early after 103 of a planned 200 patients were enrolled. Intervention Convalescent plasma in addition to standard treatment (n = 52) vs standard treatment alone (control) (n = 51), stratified by disease severity. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was time to clinical improvement within 28 days, defined as patient discharged alive or reduction of 2 points on a 6-point disease severity scale (ranging from 1 [discharge] to 6 [death]). Secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, time to discharge, and the rate of viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results turned from positive at baseline to negative at up to 72 hours. Results Of 103 patients who were randomized (median age, 70 years; 60 [58.3%] male), 101 (98.1%) completed the trial. Clinical improvement occurred within 28 days in 51.9% (27/52) of the convalescent plasma group vs 43.1% (22/51) in the control group (difference, 8.8% [95% CI, −10.4% to 28.0%]; hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 0.79-2.49];P = .26). Among those with severe disease, the primary outcome occurred in 91.3% (21/23) of the convalescent plasma group vs 68.2% (15/22) of the control group (HR, 2.15 [95% CI, 1.07-4.32];P = .03); among those with life-threatening disease the primary outcome occurred in 20.7% (6/29) of the convalescent plasma group vs 24.1% (7/29) of the control group (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.30-2.63];P = .83) (Pfor interaction = .17). There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality (15.7% vs 24.0%; OR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.22-1.59];P = .30) or time from randomization to discharge (51.0% vs 36.0% discharged by day 28; HR, 1.61 [95% CI, 0.88-2.95];P = .12). Convalescent plasma treatment was associated with a negative conversion rate of viral PCR at 72 hours in 87.2% of the convalescent plasma group vs 37.5% of the control group (OR, 11.39 [95% CI, 3.91-33.18];P Conclusion and Relevance Among patients with severe or life-threatening COVID-19, convalescent plasma therapy added to standard treatment, compared with standard treatment alone, did not result in a statistically significant improvement in time to clinical improvement within 28 days. Interpretation is limited by early termination of the trial, which may have been underpowered to detect a clinically important difference. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry:ChiCTR2000029757

Effect of a genetically engineered interferon-alpha versus traditional interferon-alpha in the treatment of moderate-to-severe COVID-19: a randomised clinical trial.

Abstract: There are few effective therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upon the outbreak of the pandemic. To compare the effectiveness of a novel genetically engineered recombinant super-compoun...

Closed energy-saving and environment-friendly tank truck cleaning device and cleaning method thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to a closed energy-saving and environment-friendly tank truck cleaning device which comprises a tank truck and an air bag type closing cover plate, wherein the air bag type closing cover plate is connected with a nitrogen input pipe, a cooking steam input pipe, an exhaust fan and a drying fan respectively, and is also connected with an alkali liquid washing basin, a detergent washing basin, a chemical agent washing basin, a high-pressure water washing basin, a low-pressure water washing basin, a water washing basin and a heat exchanger respectively; the heat exchanger is connected with a steam washing pipeline and an industrial water supplementation pipeline respectively; the air bag type closing cover plate is connected with a residual liquid basin, an oil-water separator, a wastewater sedimentation treatment basin, a residual acid basin and a lime reaction sedimentation basin in sequence; the wastewater sedimentation treatment basin is connected with the alkali liquid washing basin, the detergent washing basin, the chemical agent washing basin, the high-pressure water washing basin, the low-pressure water washing basin and the water washing basin respectively; and an industrial air stirring device is connected with the alkali liquid washing basin and the chemical agent washing basin. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a cleaning method for the device. The closed energy-saving and environment-friendly tank truck cleaning device and the cleaning method thereof are safe and convenient to use, and good in cleaning effect.

Multifunction multi-airbag leakage-free gas recycling closed tank car cover plate device

Abstract: The invention relates to a multifunction multi-airbag leakage-free gas recycling closed tank car cover plate device, which is characterized in that: a cover plate 1 is of a circular flat plate, a circular flat ring-shaped cover plate airbag sealing ring (34) is adhered onto the lower surface of the circular flat plate, an airbag guide fixed bracket (7) is nested inside a conical cover plate airbag sealing ring (134), and the lower end of the airbag fixed bracket (7) is connected with a spring hook (20) of a corrugated pipe (19). A reversed tower-shaped airbag guide fixed bracket (207) is arranged below a circular flat ring-shaped flexible sealing ring cover plate, and the interlayer between the airbag guide fixed bracket (7) and the reversed tower-shaped airbag fixed bracket (207) is provided with airbag sealing rings (80) and (120). An airbag ring charging-discharging pipe (10), an airbag charging-discharging tee manual valve (8) and an airbag charging control valve (9) are arranged inside the airbag sealing ring (80). The airbag charging-discharging pipe extends out of the cover plate (1) through an airbag charging-discharging pipe hole (42). The device has simple structure, adopts multiple airbags to seal, is safe and reliable to use, and has high recycling efficiency. The device is free from leakage and pollution, conforms to the national environmental protection and safety requirement and conforms to the intrinsic explosion-proof requirement under the sealing, and loading arms which are used under different work conditions can be matched and can conform to the diameter and the height of the entrance hole of the tank car. The recycling rate of the gas is improved.

A airtight apron of gasbag formula that is used for energy-concerving and environment-protective belt cleaning device of storage tank or tank wagon

Abstract: The utility model relates to an airtight apron of gasbag formula that is used for energy-concerving and environment-protective belt cleaning device of storage tank or tank wagon, include the aluminum alloy that meets with tank wagon apron and gasbag leading truck, gasbag layer board. The both ends symmetry of gasbag leading truck is equipped with even has the gasbag to fill the gasbag I of calandria I, the both ends symmetry of gasbag layer board is equipped with even has the gasbag to fill the gasbag II of calandria II, the one end of aluminum alloy apron even has airtight apron lock I, and its other end even has airtight apron lock II, is equipped with pH value appearance probe rod outer tube, multi-functional gas-liquid spray tube outer tube, analysis of combustible gases appearance probe rod outer tube, rotatory nozzle pipe, temperature detection probe rod outer tube on the aluminum alloy apron of this airtight apron lock between I and II respectively, extracts raffinate waste pipe outer tube, oxygen content appearance probe rod outer tube, air replacement pipe, the aluminum alloy apron links to each other through the cap mouth of bellows software sealing washer with the tank wagon. The utility model discloses the water conservation, pollution-free, can realize on-line measuring.

Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review.

Abstract: Importance The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a worldwide sudden and substantial increase in hospitalizations for pneumonia with multiorgan disease. This review discusses current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19. Observations SARS-CoV-2 is spread primarily via respiratory droplets during close face-to-face contact. Infection can be spread by asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic carriers. The average time from exposure to symptom onset is 5 days, and 97.5% of people who develop symptoms do so within 11.5 days. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. Radiographic and laboratory abnormalities, such as lymphopenia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase, are common, but nonspecific. Diagnosis is made by detection of SARS-CoV-2 via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testing, although false-negative test results may occur in up to 20% to 67% of patients; however, this is dependent on the quality and timing of testing. Manifestations of COVID-19 include asymptomatic carriers and fulminant disease characterized by sepsis and acute respiratory failure. Approximately 5% of patients with COVID-19, and 20% of those hospitalized, experience severe symptoms necessitating intensive care. More than 75% of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 require supplemental oxygen. Treatment for individuals with COVID-19 includes best practices for supportive management of acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Emerging data indicate that dexamethasone therapy reduces 28-day mortality in patients requiring supplemental oxygen compared with usual care (21.6% vs 24.6%; age-adjusted rate ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.74-0.92]) and that remdesivir improves time to recovery (hospital discharge or no supplemental oxygen requirement) from 15 to 11 days. In a randomized trial of 103 patients with COVID-19, convalescent plasma did not shorten time to recovery. Ongoing trials are testing antiviral therapies, immune modulators, and anticoagulants. The case-fatality rate for COVID-19 varies markedly by age, ranging from 0.3 deaths per 1000 cases among patients aged 5 to 17 years to 304.9 deaths per 1000 cases among patients aged 85 years or older in the US. Among patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit, the case fatality is up to 40%. At least 120 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are under development. Until an effective vaccine is available, the primary methods to reduce spread are face masks, social distancing, and contact tracing. Monoclonal antibodies and hyperimmune globulin may provide additional preventive strategies. Conclusions and Relevance As of July 1, 2020, more than 10 million people worldwide had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Many aspects of transmission, infection, and treatment remain unclear. Advances in prevention and effective management of COVID-19 will require basic and clinical investigation and public health and clinical interventions.

Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Abstract: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to emerge and represent a serious issue to public health In the last twenty years, several viral epidemics such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 to 2003, and H1N1 influenza in 2009, have been recorded Most recently, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012 In a timeline that reaches the present day, an epidemic of cases with unexplained low respiratory infections detected in Wuhan, the largest metropolitan area in China's Hubei province, was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China, on December 31, 2019 Published literature can trace the beginning of symptomatic individuals back to the beginning of December 2019 As they were unable to identify the causative agent, these first cases were classified as "pneumonia of unknown etiology " The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and local CDCs organized an intensive outbreak investigation program The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, COVID-19 On February 11, 2020, the WHO Director-General, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, announced that the disease caused by this new CoV was a "COVID-19," which is the acronym of "coronavirus disease 2019" In the past twenty years, two additional coronavirus epidemics have occurred SARS-CoV provoked a large-scale epidemic beginning in China and involving two dozen countries with approximately 8000 cases and 800 deaths, and the MERS-CoV that began in Saudi Arabia and has approximately 2,500 cases and 800 deaths and still causes as sporadic cases This new virus seems to be very contagious and has quickly spread globally In a meeting on January 30, 2020, per the International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005), the outbreak was declared by the WHO a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) as it had spread to 18 countries with four countries reporting human-to-human transmission An additional landmark occurred on February 26, 2020, as the first case of the disease, not imported from China, was recorded in the United States Initially, the new virus was called 2019-nCoV Subsequently, the task of experts of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) termed it the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it is very similar to the one that caused the SARS outbreak (SARS-CoVs) The CoVs have become the major pathogens of emerging respiratory disease outbreaks They are a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA) that can be isolated in different animal species For reasons yet to be explained, these viruses can cross species barriers and can cause, in humans, illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as MERS and SARS Interestingly, these latter viruses have probably originated from bats and then moving into other mammalian hosts — the Himalayan palm civet for SARS-CoV, and the dromedary camel for MERS-CoV — before jumping to humans The dynamics of SARS-Cov-2 are currently unknown, but there is speculation that it also has an animal origin The potential for these viruses to grow to become a pandemic worldwide seems to be a serious public health risk Concerning COVID-19, the WHO raised the threat to the CoV epidemic to the "very high" level, on February 28, 2020 Probably, the effects of the epidemic caused by the new CoV has yet to emerge as the situation is quickly evolving World governments are at work to establish countermeasures to stem possible devastating effects Health organizations coordinate information flows and issues directives and guidelines to best mitigate the impact of the threat At the same time, scientists around the world work tirelessly, and information about the transmission mechanisms, the clinical spectrum of disease, new diagnostics, and prevention and therapeutic strategies are rapidly developing Many uncertainties remain with regard to both the virus-host interac ion and the evolution of the epidemic, with specific reference to the times when the epidemic will reach its peak At the moment, the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive, and prevention aimed at reducing transmission in the community is our best weapon Aggressive isolation measures in China have led to a progressive reduction of cases in the last few days In Italy, in geographic regions of the north of the peninsula, political and health authorities are making incredible efforts to contain a shock wave that is severely testing the health system In the midst of the crisis, the authors have chosen to use the "Statpearls" platform because, within the PubMed scenario, it represents a unique tool that may allow them to make updates in real-time The aim, therefore, is to collect information and scientific evidence and to provide an overview of the topic that will be continuously updated

REGN-COV2, a Neutralizing Antibody Cocktail, in Outpatients with Covid-19.

Abstract: Background Recent data suggest that complications and death from coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) may be related to high viral loads. Methods In this ongoing, double-blind, phase 1–3 tr...

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody LY-CoV555 in Outpatients with Covid-19.

Abstract: Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), which is most frequently mild yet can be severe and life-threatening. Vi...

Severe Covid-19

Abstract: Key Clinical Points Evaluation and Management of Severe Covid-19 Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) may become critically ill with acute respiratory distress syndrome that typ...