[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Over the past few decades, researchers have established artificial enzymes as highly stable and low-cost alternatives to natural enzymes in a wide range of applications. A variety of materials including cyclodextrins, metal complexes, porphyrins, polymers, dendrimers and biomolecules have been extensively explored to mimic the structures and functions of naturally occurring enzymes. Recently, some nanomaterials have been found to exhibit unexpected enzyme-like activities, and great advances have been made in this area due to the tremendous progress in nano-research and the unique characteristics of nanomaterials. To highlight the progress in the field of nanomaterial-based artificial enzymes (nanozymes), this review discusses various nanomaterials that have been explored to mimic different kinds of enzymes. We cover their kinetics, mechanisms and applications in numerous fields, from biosensing and immunoassays, to stem cell growth and pollutant removal. We also summarize several approaches to tune the activities of nanozymes. Finally, we make comparisons between nanozymes and other catalytic materials (other artificial enzymes, natural enzymes, organic catalysts and nanomaterial-based catalysts) and address the current challenges and future directions (302 references).

Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes

Carbon and graphene quantum dots (CQDs and GQDs), known as zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterials, have been attracting increasing attention in sensing and bioimaging. Their unique electronic, fluores...

Review of Carbon and Graphene Quantum Dots for Sensing

Recent advances in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors - A review.

■ CONTENTS Novel ECL Systems 358 Novel Organic Luminophores 358 Novel Inorganic Luminophores 359 Novel Nanomaterial System 360 Detection Methodologies and Signaling Amplification Strategies 361 General Detection Methodologies 361 Novel Signal Amplification Strategies 361 ECL Applications 362 Metal Ions Detection 362 Small Molecules Detection 362 ECL Immunoassay 363 ECL Genosensors 365 ECL Cytosensors 366 Conclusions and Outlooks 368 Author Information 369 Corresponding Author 369 ORCID 369 Author Contributions 369 Notes 369 Biographies 369 Acknowledgments 369 References 369

Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Analysis.

Concentrations of biogenic amines in fish, squid and octopus and their changes during storage

Detection of trace tetracycline in fish via synchronous fluorescence quenching with carbon quantum dots coated with molecularly imprinted silica.

In this paper, Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been homogeneously deposited on citrate-functionalized graphene nanosheets (Cit-GNs) by a simple one-pot reducing method. The morphology and composition of the thus-prepared AuNPs/Cit-GNs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the AuNPs with a uniform size are well dispersed on the surface of the Cit-GNs. Significantly, the as-prepared AuNPs/Cit-GNs possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to develop a blue color in aqueous solution. The catalysis was in accordance with Michaelis–Menten kinetics and the AuNPs/Cit-GNs showed a strong affinity for both H2O2 and TMB. Moreover, by comparing with Cit-AuNPs, AuNPs/GNs and AuNPs/PVP-GNs, the AuNPs/Cit-GNs composite exhibits a higher catalytic ability with a lower Michaelis constant (Km) value, suggesting that the GNs with a large surface area and the citrate ions with more carboxyl groups around the AuNPs can greatly enhance the peroxidase-like activity of AuNPs/Cit-GNs. Taking the advantages of the high catalytic activity, the good stability and the low cost, the novel AuNPs/Cit-GNs represent a promising candidate as an enzyme mimic and may find a wide range of new applications in biochemistry and biotechnology.

Zhi-Yong Huang

Papers

Concentrations of biogenic amines in fish, squid and octopus and their changes during storage

Detection of trace tetracycline in fish via synchronous fluorescence quenching with carbon quantum dots coated with molecularly imprinted silica.

Au nanoparticles on citrate-functionalized graphene nanosheets with a high peroxidase-like performance

Determination of malachite green in aquatic products based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers.

Determination of biogenic amines in oysters by capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrochemiluminescence.