Author
Zhonghang Wang
Other affiliations: Northeastern University (China)
Bio: Zhonghang Wang is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Leaching (metallurgy) & Environmental pollution. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 6 publications receiving 438 citations. Previous affiliations of Zhonghang Wang include Northeastern University (China).
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of spent lithium-ion battery recycling is summarized in light of the whole recycling process, especially focusing on the hydrometallurgy, which is used to extract metals or separate impurities from a specific waste stream so that the recycled materials or compounds can be further prepared by incorporating principles of materials engineering.
Abstract: Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted significant attention in recent years due to the increasing demand for corresponding critical metals/materials and growing pressure on the environmental impact of solid waste disposal. A range of investigations have been carried out for recycling spent LIBs to obtain either battery materials or individual compounds. For the effective recovery of materials to be enhanced, physical pretreatment is usually applied to obtain different streams of waste materials ensuring efficient separation for further processing. Subsequently, a metallurgical process is used to extract metals or separate impurities from a specific waste stream so that the recycled materials or compounds can be further prepared by incorporating principles of materials engineering. In this review, the current status of spent LIB recycling is summarized in light of the whole recycling process, especially focusing on the hydrometallurgy. In addition to understanding different hydromet...
634 citations
TL;DR: It is possible to provide a win-win solution to improve the recycling effectiveness of spent LIBs by using waste salt that is easily reused as the reductant, and ammonium chloride is found to be efficient and posing minor environmental impacts during the overall process.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is discussed, where the authors focus on reductive leaching, which often leads to total leaching rather than selective leaching of metals.
Abstract: Traditional technologies for the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) mainly focus on reductive leaching, which often leads to total leaching rather than selective leaching of metals. As...
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mechanochemical activation approach was proposed for the selective recycling of lithium and recovery of Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 batteries.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a paired electrolysis method was designed to achieve the recycling of valuable metals from the spent lithium-ion batteries and the synthesis of persulfate synchronically, and high purity cobalt metal (>99.9%) was obtained from the leachate (catholyte) of the spent LIBs, and valuable persulfates were synthesized anolyte through a diaphragm electrolyzer.
18 citations
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TL;DR: The current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use are outlined, areas for future progress are highlighted, and processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ions from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.
Abstract: Rapid growth in the market for electric vehicles is imperative, to meet global targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, to improve air quality in urban centres and to meet the needs of consumers, with whom electric vehicles are increasingly popular. However, growing numbers of electric vehicles present a serious waste-management challenge for recyclers at end-of-life. Nevertheless, spent batteries may also present an opportunity as manufacturers require access to strategic elements and critical materials for key components in electric-vehicle manufacture: recycled lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles could provide a valuable secondary source of materials. Here we outline and evaluate the current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use, and highlight areas for future progress. Processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ion battery packs from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.
1,333 citations
694 citations
TL;DR: This work presents state-of-the-art fundamental research and industrial technologies related to battery recycling, with a special focus on lithium-ion battery recycling.
Abstract: Ever-growing global energy needs and environmental damage have motivated the pursuit of sustainable energy sources and storage technologies. As attractive energy storage technologies to integrate renewable resources and electric transportation, rechargeable batteries, including lead–acid, nickel–metal hydride, nickel–cadmium, and lithium-ion batteries, are undergoing unprecedented rapid development. However, the intrinsic toxicity of rechargeable batteries arising from their use of toxic materials is potentially environmentally hazardous. Additionally, the massive production of batteries consumes numerous resources, some of which are scarce. It is therefore essential to consider battery recycling when developing battery systems. Here, we provide a systematic overview of rechargeable battery recycling from a sustainable perspective. We present state-of-the-art fundamental research and industrial technologies related to battery recycling, with a special focus on lithium-ion battery recycling. We introduce the concept of sustainability through a discussion of the life-cycle assessment of battery recycling. Considering the forecasted trend of a massive number of retired power batteries from the forecasted surge in electric vehicles, their repurposing and reuse are considered from economic, technical, environmental, and market perspectives. New opportunities, challenges, and future prospects for battery recycling are then summarized. A reinterpreted 3R strategy entailing redesign, reuse, and recycling is recommended for the future development of battery recycling.
519 citations
TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art processes for metal recycling from spent lithium ion batteries can be found in this article, where the authors introduce the structure of a battery and summarize all available technologies that are used in different recovery processes.
415 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, state-of-the-art on spent lithium-ion battery recycling is discussed with emphasis on lithium recovery, and the possibility for industrial realization of each method is evaluated.
400 citations