Author
Zhu Tang
Bio: Zhu Tang is an academic researcher from Nanjing Agricultural University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Arsenite & Arsenic. The author has an hindex of 13, co-authored 23 publications receiving 1113 citations.
Topics: Arsenite, Arsenic, Population, Cellulase, Phenolic acid
Papers
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TL;DR: The results in general showed that the highest microbial populations and enzymatic activities also appeared in this phase, indicating that the rapid composting method was a feasible one for treating agricultural wastes.
182 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of animal manure-based composts was carried out in China, where two hundred and twelve samples were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of 9 heavy metals or metalloids and arsenic speciation.
153 citations
TL;DR: Results showed that A. fumigatus Z5 is a promising fungus in the bio-ethanol production process, and its capacity to produce cellulase was assessed under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using lignocellulosic materials as substrates.
139 citations
TL;DR: A high risk of Cd exposure from rice consumption for the population of southern China is highlighted and strategies for reducing Cd accumulation in rice crop are suggested.
139 citations
TL;DR: Eight and 6 rice cultivars were identified as stable low accumulators of Cd and As, respectively, based on the multiple site and season trials, which suggest these cultivars are likely to be compliant with the grain Cd or As limits of the Chinese Food Safety Standards when grown in moderately contaminated paddy soils in South China.
Abstract: Rice is a major dietary source of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) for populations consuming rice as the staple food. Excessive Cd and As accumulation in rice grain is of great concern worldwide, especially in South China where soil contamination with heavy metals and metalloids is widespread. It is important to reduce Cd and As accumulation in rice grain through selection and breeding of cultivars accumulating low levels of Cd or As. To assess the genetic and environmental variations in the concentrations of Cd and As in rice grains, 471 locally adapted high-yielding rice cultivars were grown at three moderately contaminated sites in South China for two years. Cadmium and As concentrations in brown rice varied by 10 – 32 and 2.5 – 4 fold, respectively. Genotype (G), environment (E) and G x E interactions were highly significant factors explaining the variations. Brown rice Cd concentration was found to correlate positively with the heading date among different cultivars, whereas As concentration and heading date correlated negatively. There was a significant and negative correlation between grain Cd and As concentrations. Eight and 6 rice cultivars were identified as stable low accumulators of Cd and As, respectively, based on the multiple site and season trials. These cultivars are likely to be compliant with the grain Cd or As limits of the Chinese Food Safety Standards when grown in moderately contaminated paddy soils in South China.
119 citations
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TL;DR: The elevated mobilization potential, e.g., through competition and ligand induced desorption, is the reason for faster Cd release from soil into groundwater than other heavy metals.
464 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the feasibility of composting and vermicomposting as a means to recover nutrients from the organic waste and returning them to the environment and discuss the environmental impact and economic potential of these processes.
434 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of solid-state fermentation (SSF), focusing on its applications, mainly of the very recent papers of the last five years, is presented, which comprises the most important developed processes concerning the production of enzymes, biopulping processes, and traditional processes, for food fermentation, such as Chinese daqu and koji, and industrial important biomolecules such as organic acids, pigments, phenolic compounds, aromas and biosorbents.
326 citations
TL;DR: A number of countermeasures to address soil Cd contamination are proposed, including i) mitigation of Cd transfer from paddy soils to rice grain, and ii) intervention in those farmers who consume home-grown Cd-contaminated rice.
324 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that hyperthermophilic composting can significantly enhance the removal of ARGs and MGEs and that the mechanisms of ARG and M GE removal can depend on composting temperature.
Abstract: Composting is an efficient way to convert organic waste into fertilizers. However, waste materials often contain large amounts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that can reduce the efficacy of antibiotic treatments when transmitted to humans. Because conventional composting often fails to remove these compounds, we evaluated if hyperthermophilic composting with elevated temperature is more efficient at removing ARGs and MGEs and explored the underlying mechanisms of ARG removal of the two composting methods. We found that hyperthermophilic composting removed ARGs and MGEs more efficiently than conventional composting (89% and 49%, respectively). Furthermore, the half-lives of ARGs and MGEs were lower in hyperthermophilic compositing compared to conventional composting (67% and 58%, respectively). More-efficient removal of ARGs and MGEs was associated with a higher reduction in bacterial abundance and diversity of potential ARG hosts. Partial least-squares path modeling suggested that reduction of MGEs played a key role in ARG removal in hyperthermophilic composting, while ARG reduction was mainly driven by changes in bacterial community composition under conventional composting. Together these results suggest that hyperthermophilic composting can significantly enhance the removal of ARGs and MGEs and that the mechanisms of ARG and MGE removal can depend on composting temperature.
290 citations