Showing papers presented at "Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings in 2011"

A Survey of Information-Centric Networking (Draft)

Abstract: In this paper we compare and discuss some of the features and design choices of the 4WARD Networking of Information architecture (NetInf), PARC's Content Centric Networking(CCN), the Publish-Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm (PSIRP), and the Data Oriented Network Architecture (DONA). All four projects take an information-centric approach to designing a future network architecture, where the information objects themselves are the primary focus rather than the network nodes.

10373 Abstracts Collection -- Demarcating User eXperience

Abstract: From September 15 to 17, 2010, the Dagstuhl Seminar 10373 Demarcating user experience was held in Schloss Dagstuhl, Leibniz Center for Informatics, Germany. The goal of the seminar was to come up with a consensus on the core concepts of user experience in a form of a User Experience White Paper, which would provide a more solid grounding for the field of user experience. This paper includes the resulted User Experience White Paper and a collection of abstracts from some seminar participants.

On the evolution of conceptual modeling

Abstract: Since the 1980s the need increased for overcoming idiosyncrasies of approaches to modeling in the various sub-disciplines of computing. The theoretical model of evolution is used in this paper for analyzing how computing and conceptual modeling have changed. It is concluded that computing has changed into a social phenomenon with a technical core and that therefore relying on (formal) model semantics as the sole tool for the discussion of conceptual modeling is no more adequate. A number of language games of computing is identified and the task set to describe these language games to the extent necessary for deciding whether or not they can serve as the foundation of computing.

Interpreting Place Descriptions for Navigation Services

Abstract: We see a need for research bringing spatial intelligence into the fundamental mechanisms of parsing and interpreting place descriptions. An intelligent navigation service will have capabilities to imitate human route communication behavior (Winter and Wu, 2009), thus, at least the capabilities to make sense of place descriptions.

10402 Abstracts Collection and Executive Summary -- Inter-Vehicular Communication

Abstract: From October 3 to October 6, 2010, the Dagstuhl Seminar 10402 ``Inter-Vehicular Communication'' was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general.

10492 Abstracts Collection -- Information-Centric Networking

Abstract: From December 5th to 8th 2010, the Dagstuhl Seminar 10492 on "Information-Centric Networking" was held in Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available.

10421 Summary -- Model-Based Testing in Practice

Abstract: Software testing is one of the most cost-intensive tasks in the modern software production process. Model-based testing is a light-weight formal method which enables the automatic derivation of tests from software models and their environment. Model-based testing (MBT) has matured as a rich research area in the last decade, with a significant body of research and applications. The academic community is well established with many conferences, workshops, and research projects. Tools for model-based testing have been developed both as research prototypes and as commercial or semi-commercial applications brought to users by midsize and enterprise-level companies, and applied in large scale projects. In the family of model-driven approaches, model-based testing can be seen as a success story in particular with respect to the degree of mechanical processing and automation that has been achieved, and the adoption in practice. The successful deployment of model-based testing in industrial settings can be seen in the telecommunication domain, chip cards, specific Windows components, and embedded systems in general. An interesting issue is under which circumstances we can expect these successes to carry over to other domains and families of systems as well (e.g., distributed systems; testing the cloud).

Towards Linguistically-Grounded Spatial Logics

Abstract: We propose a method to analyze the amount of coverage and adequacy of spatial calculi by relating a calculus to a linguistic ontology for space by using similarities and linguistic corpus data. This allows evaluating whether and where a spatial calculus can be used for natural language interpretation. It can also lead to 'more appropriate' spatial logics for spatial language.

10381 Summary and Abstracts Collection -- Robust Query Processing

Abstract: Dagstuhl seminar 10381 on robust query processing (held 19.09.10 - 24.09.10) brought together a diverse set of researchers and practitioners with a broad range of expertise for the purpose of fostering discussion and collaboration regarding causes, opportunities, and solutions for achieving robust query processing. The seminar strove to build a unified view across the loosely-coupled system components responsible for the various stages of database query processing. Participants were chosen for their experience with database query processing and, where possible, their prior work in academic research or in product development towards robustness in database query processing. In order to pave the way to motivate, measure, and protect future advances in robust query processing, seminar 10381 focused on developing tests for measuring the robustness of query processing. In these proceedings, we first review the seminar topics, goals, and results, then present abstracts or notes of some of the seminar break-out sessions. We also include, as an appendix, the robust query processing reading list that was collected and distributed to participants before the seminar began, as well as summaries of a few of those papers that were contributed by some participants.

Real-Time Monocular Visual Odometry for On-Road Vehicles with 1-Point RANSAC

Abstract: The first biggest problem in visual motion estimation is data association; matched points contain many outliers that must be detected and removed for the motion to be accurately estimated. In the last few years, a very established method for removing outliers has been the "5-point RANSAC" algorithm which needs a minimum of 5 point correspondences to estimate the model hypotheses. Because of this, however, it can require up to thousand iterations to find a set of points free of outliers. In this talk, I will show that by exploiting the non-holonomic constraints of wheeled vehicles (e.g. cars, bikes, mobile robots) it is possible to use a restrictive motion model which allows us to parameterize the motion with only 1 point correspondence. Using a single feature correspondence for motion estimation is the lowest model parameterization possible and results in the most efficient algorithm for removing outliers: 1-point RANSAC. The second problem in monocular visual odometry is the estimation of the absolute scale. I will show that vehicle non-holonomic constraints make it also possible to estimate the absolute scale completely automatically whenever the vehicle turns. In this talk, I will give a mathematical derivation and provide experimental results on both simulated and real data over a large image dataset collected during a 25 Km path.

10491 Results of the break-out group: Gulls Data

Abstract: A classification of gull behaviour was produced by the group, led by domain expert Emiel van Loon, who provided additional context including that gull trips are typically composed of distinct segments, that gull trips are rarely single purpose, and that there is very little diurnal pattern to activities. The classification produced is not intended to be complete, or non overlapping. Furthermore, the group considered how the attributes in the gulls dataset could be used in algorithms to automatically classify the dataset into distinct spatial patterns, and associate this with gull behaviours.

Parsing Unary Boolean Grammars Using Online Convolution

Abstract: In contrast to context-free grammars, the extension of these grammars by explicit conjunction, the so-called conjunctive grammars can generate (quite complicated) non-regular languages over a single-letter alphabet (DLT 2007). Given these expressibility results, we study the parsability of Boolean grammars, an extension of context-free grammars by conjunction and negation, over a unary alphabet and show that they can be parsed in time O(|G| log^2(n) M(n)) where M(n) is the time to multiply two n-bit integers. This multiplication algorithm is transformed into a convolution algorithm which in turn is converted to an online convolution algorithm which is used for the parsing.

10402 Report -- Working Group on Security and Privacy

Abstract: In the security working group, participants created an overview map of current topics in IVC security and privacy research that also includes an estimate of maturity of certain topics.

10491 Summary -- Representation, Analysis and Visualization of Moving Objects

Abstract: This seminar is a successor to the Representation, Analysis and Visualization of Moving Objects seminar in 2008 (seminar 08451). The major goal has been to bring together the diverse and fast growing, research community that is involved in developing better computational techniques for spatio-temporal object representation, data mining, and visualization of massive amounts of moving object data. The participants included experts from fields such as computational geometry, data mining, visual analytics, GIS science, transportation science, urban planning and movement ecology. Most of the participants came from academic institutions, some from government agencies and industry. The seminar has led to a fruitful exchange of ideas between different disciplines, to the creation of new interdisciplinary collaborations, concrete plans for a data challenge in an upcoming conference, and to recommendations for future research directions.

10402 Report -- Working Group on Communication Patterns

Abstract: The objective of the working group communication patterns during the Dagstuhl Seminar on Vehicular Networks has been to review the current status of the communication patterns and principles and discuss the upcoming challenges the community will face in the near future. This is an executive summary of the discussions during the sessions.

10412 Summary and Abstracts Collection -- QSTRLib: A Benchmark Problem Repository for Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning

Abstract: The Dagstuhl seminar "QSTRLib" was planned as a successor event of the previously mentioned AAAI Spring Symposium. The intention for organizing this seminar was to discuss requirements on a problem library in a small group of researchers with expertise in benchmarking, in formal approaches to qualitative reasoning, or in specific application areas of QSTR.

10441 Abstracts Collection -- Exact Complexity of NP-hard Problems

Abstract: A decade before NP-completeness became the lens through which Computer Science views computationally hard problems, beautiful algorithms were discovered that are much better than exhaustive search, for example Bellman's 1962 dynamic programming treatment of the Traveling Salesman problem and Ryser's 1963 inclusion--exclusion formula for the permanent.

10491 Results of the break-out group: Visualisation

Abstract: In this group we decided to collect literature that we were familiar with that best illustrated how movement data in the form of trajectories can be visualised. In this report we categorise methods based on what part of the data space is shown, i.e. geographical space, temporal space or attribute space, some combination thereof or an aggregation in one or more of the space components. Methods that use computational methods for pattern recognition in combination with visual methods form a separate category. However, these categories are only what we came up with during our short discussion and are therefore not fixed, nor are they mutually exclusive (i.e. there is certain overlap of methods) and should be extended/redefined as required in a more exhaustive literature review in the future.

10491 Results of the break-out group: Movement Data of Vervet Monkeys

Abstract: Discussions in this group focused on a particular problem that arises in animal movement ecology: how to link data describing movement (i.e. sequential GPS- coordinates collected on wild and free-ranging animals) with geographical and environmental context (i.e. properties of the internal and external environment within which the animals move). Our case study comprised a spatio-temporal data set on the movement of a group of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) over a twelve months observation period. We focused on two topics: context-aware estimation of home range area and multivariate visualisation of context data.

How can spatial language be learned

Abstract: How languages are learned is one of the deepest mysteries of cognitive science. This question can be addressed from multiple perspectives. This position paper considers two of them: (1) How do people learn spatial language? (2) Given the wide range of spatial terms in language, how might we bootstrap the linguistic capabilities of intelligent systems that need spatial language to achieve wide and accurate coverage? We discuss each question in turn.

How should depiction be represented and reasoned about

Abstract: Interpreting a scene requires understanding how its visual properties and context yield evidence about the spatial and conceptual properties of what it depicts. Depiction is intimately tied to spatial language, since describing a scene linguistically, or imagining a scene described in language, involves connecting linguistic and spatial knowledge. We focus here on scenes described via sketching.