Showing papers by "Academia Sinica published in 1979"

Microwave Imaging

Abstract: This paper discribes the result of investigation on the area of microwave imaging, whlch has been made by author since 1974. In this paper a method of microwave imaging and principle designing models of microwave imaging tubes are suggested, whlch are based on the preceding principle of microwave imaging. In this paper possibility to improve space resolution of microwave imaging system is also discussed. The results discussed in this paper is also suitable to either passive or active method of imaging. Allowed only up to five pages, I shall give some results and simple discussion only.

The Deficiency of Soluble Proteins and Plastid Ribosomal RNA in the Albino Pollen Plantlets of Rice

Abstract: The components of soluble protein and ribosomal RNA in green and albino pollen plantlets of rice were studied by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were as follows: (1) Soluble protein: the soluble proteins in green pollen plantlets may be fractionated into 15 bands of varying intensities in which the highest content and the most prominent one is band 3 (fraction I protein). Band 3, however, is nearly absent in albino pollen plantlets. (2) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): rRNA of high molecular weight in green pollen plantlets may be fractionated into 4 bands, i.e. 25S RNA and 18S RNA in cytoplasmic ribosomes, and 23S RNA and 16S RNA in plastid ribosomes. Little or no 23S RNA and 16S RNA, however, is found in albino pollen plantlets. Together with the evidence obtained by other workers, it is suggested that albino forms of pollen plantlets is caused by the impairment of DNA.

A process of obtaining pollen plants of hevea brasiliensis muell.-arg.

Abstract: In February—March 1977, five pollen plants were produced by anther culture of Hevea brasiliensis Muell.-Arg. All of them had main roots, cyclic lateral roots, stems, cotyledons, first pairs of leaves, and terminal buds. The whole process of development of pollen grains into embryoids was observed microscopically. The observations of chromosome constitution of fifteen embryoids with a diameter of 2—3 mm revealed that all of them were haploid (with a chromosome number of 18). In the root-tips of the plantlets many aneuploid cells were scored and a small portion of cells remaincd to be haploid, but no diploid cell was observed. Thus, we can be sure that the plants obtained from anther culture were originated from pollen grains.

Formation of a new fluorophore on irradiation of carboxymethylated D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Abstract: BECAUSE of its physiological importance, allosteric properties and ready availability, D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) is one of the most thoroughly studied of the dehydrogenases. We report here a study of the ligand binding properties of G3PDH. We observed that when active site carboxymethylated G3PDH was irradiated with near ultraviolet light in the presence of NAD+, a new fluorophore was formed.

Inflation and the Benefits from Owner-Occupied Housing

Abstract: This paper examines the effects of inflation on the allocation of resources between residential and nonresidential uses and the productivity of capital in the U.S. We begin by calculating the realized rates of return on homeowner equity and the contributions of fixed-rate mortgages and differences in relative inflation rates to extraordinary earned real returns. The paper then focuses on the implications of the extraordinary real returns on residential capital for stock prices and on the demand for owner-occupied housing. Proposals for achieving efficient allocation of capital between residential and nonresidential uses are also considered.

Ten new species of digenetic trematodes of marine fishes

Abstract: The present paper deals with ten new species of digenetic trematodes, belongingto eight families, collected from some marine fishes in China. All measurementsare expressed in millimeters. Type and paratype specimens are deposited in the In-stitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica. 1. Gyliauchenidae Ozaki, 1933 (1) Cyliauchen oligoglondulosus, sp. nov. (fig.1) Four and eighteen specimens were secured respectively from the intestine of twoout of three Siganus guttatus(Bloch)in Sanya, Hainan Island, Guangdong Provin-ce, on May 3, 1964. This species is characterized by the absence of caudal process, the oesophgus withtwo loops and with few glands at its anterior end, and the testes far apart fromthe ovary. 2. Opistholebetidae Fukui, 1929 (2) Heterolebes sinensis, sp. nov. (fig. 2). Only one specimen was obtained from the intestine of one out of three Fugualboplumbeus (Richardson) in Qingdao, Shandong Province, on May 24,, 1963. This species differs from the most closely related Heterolebes immaculosus Ku etShen, 1965 in the body shape, the absenoe of per-pharynx, the sucker ratio nearly1:3, the cirrus sac containing spiral vesicle, the uterus situated between gonads andacetabulum, and the position of genital pore. 3. Zoogonidae Odhner, 1911 (3) Cypseluritrematoides minor, sp. nov. (fig. 3) Three, four and three specimens were collected respectively from the intestine ofthree Parexocoetus brachypterus (Richardson), from Haikou, Hainan Island, Guang-dong Province, on May 26, 1958. This species resembles very closely Cypseluritrematoides friangularis Yamaguti,1970, but differs in: (1) the body size much smaller, (2) the gonads Iying dorsal tocaeca, (3) the distribution of vitellaria, (4) the eggs smaller. 4. Lepocreadiidae (Odhner, 1905) Nicoll, 1935 (4) Phyllotrema quadricaudatum, sp. nov. (fig.4). Twelve specimens were discovered from the intestine of one out of five .Murae-nesox cinereus (Forskal)from Haikou, Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, on May 8, 1958. This species differs from Phyllotrema bicaudatum Yamaguti, 1934 not only inthe number of caudal lobes, but also in the shape of testes and ovary, in the distri-bution of vitellaria, in the posterior limit of uterine loops, and in the smaller eggs. 5. Cryptogonimdae (Ward, 1917) Ciurea, 1933 (5) Siphoderina asiatica, sp. nov. (fig. 5) Four specimens were collected from the caeca and the intestine of a Lutianusfulvifamma (Forskal), on Dec.13, 1959 and twenty seven specimens from the sameorgans of one out of three L. sanguineus(Cuvier et Valenciennes), on Dec. 18, 1959,from Sanya, Hainan Island, Guangdong Prolvince. Species of the genus Siphoderina Manter, 1934 seems to be obligate trematodeparasite of the Lutianid fishes. There are only two species reported previously fromthe North America. Our specimens represent the third species from the world andthe first record of the genus for Asia. The new species differs from the two pre-viously known species in: (1) the sucker ratio,(2) the testes larger, (3) the seminalvesicle commencing from the anterior border of the ovarian region, (4) the vitelline.follicles distributed extracaecally, and (5)the eggs smaller. (6)Paracryptogonimus elongatus, sp.nov.(fig. 6) Two, three, four, four and five specimens were collected respectively from theintestine of five out of fourteen Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn) from Baimijing,Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, on May 4, 1964. This species is characterized by the elongated body, the smooth cutiele and thecircumoral spines 21--27 in number. 6. Hemiuridae (Looss, 1899) Luhe, 1910 (7) Prosorchiopsis plataxonis, sp. nov. (fig. 7) Two specimens were secured from the intestine of one out of two Platax teira(Foraskal) from Sanya, Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, on April 23, 1964. This species differs from Prosorchiopsis aluterae Yamaguti, 1971 chiefly in thelarger size of body and.from P. nasonis Yamaguti, 1970 in the position of the ace-tabulum, the distribution of vitellaria, the size of eggs. 7. Prosogonotrematidae Perez Vigueras, 1940 (8) Prosogonotrema plataxum, sp. nov.(fig.8) Two and four

Graph theory of enzyme kinetics i.steady-state reaction systems

Abstract: The graphical method, when applied to enzyme kinetics, can establish some direct relations between the calculation rules and the diagrams expressing reaction systems. It would not only make the calculations more intuitive and convenient, but also help analyse and discuss various reaction systems.In this article, we have analysed the existing graphical methods adopted in enzyme kinetics, pointed out their shortcomings, and then proposed a set of new graphical methods. Such a set of methods comprises three rules: Rule 1 will be helpful in correcting errors occurring in applications of the existing graphical methods; Rules 2 and 3 may serve to calculate respectively the numerator and the denominator of a desired result, with which some more complex enzyme-catalysed reaction systems can be treated.The mathematical principles underlying these rules are given in the Appendices.

Mode of Reproduction and Sex Ratio of Rice White-Tip Nematode, Aphelenchoides Besseyi

Abstract: The mode of reproduction and the sex ratio of Aphelenchoides besseyi were studied in vitro using known numbers of larvae as inocula and the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans as a host. Inoculations with single larvae demonstrated that the nematode does not reproduce parthenogenetically. It is proposed that sex ratio of an obligate amphimictic nematode can be estimated by the equation: Pr = 1-mn-(1-m)n, where 'Pr' is the probability of an inoculum to reproduce, 'n' the number of larvae employed in the inoculum and 'm' being the male ratio of the population. Based on the experimentally obtained 'Pr' and 'n', male ratio ('m') of A. besseyi studied was estimated to be 22.7%. Results obtained by analyses of the adult nematodes from infested rice grains at "hard dough" stage were similar to the estimated value. Similar analyses of the nematodes reared on A. pullulans at 30°, however, showed that the male ratio increased with the age of the culture. It is suggested that poor food supply may favor the male differentiation and/or shorten the relative life span of the females.

A Theory of Threshold Switching in Amorphous Thin Films

Abstract: Using the concept that two reversible forms exist in amorphous thin film and that the transition between them may be activated by the current, and these two forms have different conductivities, the threshold switching phonomenon may be explained. The threshold switching equation and time delay equation are also derived. Mit der Annahme, das zwei reversible Formen in dunnen amorphen Schichten existieren, der Ubergang zwischen ihnen durch den Strom aktiviert werden kann, und diese Formen unterschiedliche Leitfahigkeiten besitzen, last sich das Phanomen des Schwellenschaltens erklaren. Die Gleichung fur das Schwellenschalten und die Zeitverzogerungsgleichung werden ebenfalls abgeleitet.

A new genus and species of enchytraeidae from tibet

Abstract: Altogether 82 specimens belonging to the famly Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta,were collected from the Glacier Jaoguo of Tibetan Plateau at 4,600 m altitude dur-ing 1973--1975 These ice worms are foutd to belong to a new genus and speciesSinenchytraeus Liang et Hsu, gen nov Setae sigmoid, simple pointed, with ncdulusf Head pore at the apex of prosto-mium Dorsal pores absentFour pairs of septal glands Digestive tract simple,oesophagus merging gradually into the intestine Peptonephridia and intestinal di- verticula absent Coelomcytes of one type only Nephridia with well developed in-terstitial tissue, postseptale large, bilobed, with efferent duct of postero-ventral ori-gin Testes deeply divided, forming a number of distinct lobes Testis sacs presentMale funnel cylindrical, glandular portion in front of the septum Atria absentPenial bulbs with penial glands only Sperm sacs and egg sacs present No sper-mathecae With regard to the position of head pore, the feature of setae, and the presenceof well-developed egg sacs, the new genus is related to the genus MesenchytraeusIt differs from the latter in having solid nephridia, lobed testes enelosed by testissacs, simpler penial bulbs merely possessing penial glands, greater number of septalglands and in the absence of spermathecae Type species: Sinenchytraeus glacialis Liang et Hsu Sinenchytraeus glacialis Liang et Hsu, sp nov(Text-figs 1--2; Pls Ⅰ--Ⅱ) Length 155--208 mm (Bolotype: 20mm) (preserved), width 08 mm (Holo-type: 08 mm,segments 48--56 (Holotype: 56) Colour black Both dorsal and ven-tral setae from Ⅱ onwards, with dorsal setae 1--2 and ventral setae 2--5 per bundle,Setae markedly sigmoid, those in a bundle approximately equal in size, about 90μlong by 50--52 μ thick, with nodulous distal fourth Clitellum in Ⅻ (Ⅺ--ⅩⅢ)Male pores situated on the papillae of the ventro-lateral sides of Ⅻ Female poresin the rear of intersegmental furrow 12/13 Brain slightly incised posteriorlySeptal glands 4 pairs in Ⅳ--Ⅶ Dorsal vessel originating from Ⅹ--ⅩⅢ Coe-lomocytes of one kind, ellipsoid or irregular in shape, with nucleus Nephridia be-ginning in Ⅶ, anteseptale consisting of funnel and a few interstitial tissue; post-septal portion with well developed interstitial tissue and divided into 2 lobes, dorsallobe larger than ventral, efferent duct usually arising in postero-ventral region of theventral lobe Testes in Ⅺ, large, divided into finger-like lobes, enclosed in testissacs Seminal funnel cylindrical, glandular portion in front of the septum 11/12,ineasuring about 289--383μ long by 114--125μ wide, opening somewhat lateral, with2 lips of approximately the same size Fu?nels usually extending backwards to ⅩⅢand enclosed by the sperm sacs Vasa deferentia about 894--1,595μ long by 18-26 μ thick Atria and prostates absent Tenial bulb simple, with 3 pairs of penialglands Sperm sacs and egg sacs paired, extending to ⅩⅪ when fully developedType specimens are daposited in the Department of Biology, Nanjing University

The lie algebra of invariant group of the KdV, MKdV, or Burgers equation

Abstract: Let (E): u t=H(u) denote the KdV, MKdV or Burgers equation, and U(s)=Σ(Dj s)∂/∂u j, where D=d/dx, u i=Di u, s=s(u, u 1, ..., u n) is a polynomial of u i with constant coefficients, be the generator of invariant group of equation (E). We prove in this paper that all such generators form a commutative Lie algebra, from which it follows that for any symmetry s(u, ..., u n) of (E), the evolution equation u t=s(u, ..., u n) possesses an infinite number of symmetries (or conservation laws in the case of KdV and MKdV equations).

Microscopic and submicroscopic studies on the peripheral nerve and the skeletal muscle of the female. cadaver found in the Han Tomb No.1.

Abstract: The present paper deals with the microscopic and submicroscopic structures of the peripheral nerve of the lumbar plexus and the skeletal muscle of the m. psoas major of the ancient female cadaver buried about 2100 years ago, which was excavated from the Han Tomb No. 1 at Mawangdui (Mawangtui) near Changsha, Hunan Province. The connective tissues in the peripheral nerve and the skeletal muscle of the ancient cadaver were found well preserved. Under the electron microscope were observed the characteristic periodic bands of the collagenous fibrils as well as some axons and degenerated myelin sheath in the lumbar plexus. And in some of the better preserved nerve fibers, their axons and myelin sheaths are readily discernible. In the m. psoas major, cross striations are clearly visible in some muscle fibers. The remains of a blood vessel with only their connective tissues left were observed in the nerve of the lumbar plexus. Bacterial spores appeared in the two tissues.

Difference schemes for initial-boundary value problems of hyperbolic systems and examples of application

Abstract: This papor is mainly concerned with numerical methods for inital-boundary value problems of quasi-linear hyperbolic systems in two independent variables. A few difference schemes applicable to any initial-boundary value problem have been given. Again, under quite weak conditions, it is proved that several type(?) of schemes with variable coefficients including those above-mentioned are stable with respect to initial values and boundary values. The unconditional stable second-order scheme of initial-boundary value probtlems presented here has been applied to calculate accurately some complicated physical process, such as interactions of discontinuities (shocks, contact discontinuities), automatically formed shocks. Finally, three numerical examples are provided. For some more computation results, and the generalization of the method to the case in three independent variables, [1] would be referred to.

Five new pelobatid toads from china

Abstract: Five new pelobatid toads from Sichuan,Guizhou and Hubei are reported andtheir diagnoses are given below The type specimens are kept in the Chengdu Institutd of Biology Oreolalax liangbeiensis Liu et Fei,sp nov (plate Ⅰ, fig, 1; plate Ⅱ, fig 5,6) Holotype: No 65Ⅱ0345, adult male;type locality:Pu-xiong of Yuexi-Xian, Si-chuan,altitude 2950m; May 18, 1965; collected by Jiang Yao-ming and Fei Liang Allotype: No, 65Ⅱ0160, adult female, collected from the same locality of the holo-type on May 11,1965 Paratypes: 6??,2??,tadpoles of different stages including metamorphosized in-dividuals from the same locality; from May to June Diagnosis: This new species is closely related to Oreolalax major (Liu et Hu),but differs from the latter in:1) the ratio of the length of tibia to the body lengthbeing 457%, and the heels just meeting when the limbs are folded at right angle tothe body: 2) without any dark spots or marblings on ventrum; 3) labial teeth for-mula of the tadpole mostly Ⅰ:3-3/Ⅰ:4-4 or Ⅰ:4-4/1:4-4 Oreolalax puxiongensis Liu et Fei, sp nov (plate Ⅱ, fig7, 8) Holotype: No65Ⅱ0646,adult male; type locality: Pu-xiong of Yuexi-Xian,Sichuan, altitude 2900 m; June 19,1965; collected by Jiang Yao-ming and Fei Liang Allotype: No 65Ⅱ0716, adult female, collected with the holotype Paratypes: 178??,12??, eggs and tadpoles of different stages from same loca-lity, altitude 2860-2900 m; May to June, 1965 18?? from Ye-le of Mianning-Xian,Sichuan, altitude 2600-2900 m;June;18-27,1965 Diagnosis: This new species is closely:related to Oreolalax schmidti (Liu), butdiffers from the latter in: 1) many strongly developed black spiny ridges arrangedmore or less in longitudinal rows on the back of the males, while for the females lessdeveloped; 2) animal pole of the egg light purplish gray Oreolalax lichuanensis Hu et Fei, sp nov (plate Ⅰ, fig 2,; plate Ⅱ, fig 4, 9,10) Holotype: No 74Ⅰ0915, adult male; type locality: Han-chi of Lichuan-Xian, Hubei,altitude 1790m; July 3, 1974; collected by Jiang Yao-ming and Shen Yang Allotype: No 74Ⅰ0913, adult female, collected with the holotype Paratypes: 1? and tadpoles of different stages from the same locality Other collecting data of tadpoles: June, 1956 from Jin-fo-shan of Nanchuan-Xian, Sichuan, altitude 1799m; June 1959 from Weining-Xian, Guizhou, altitude2300m (Lin et Hu 1960 described as Scutiger tadpole from Weining) Diagnosis: It is a distinct new Oreolalax in having: 1) tympanum distinct; 2)tibiotarsal articulation reaching posterior corner of the eye; 3) many light yellowishspots on the throat, belly and ventral sides of the limbs; 4) tadpoles with a distinctarched light color marking located at dorso-posterior part of the body and also alonganterio-dorsal fin fold Oreolalax rhodostigmatus Hu et Fei, spnov (fig1) Holotype: No 71001, adult male; type locality: Zunyi-Xian, Guizhou, altitude1040m; February, 1971; collected by Deng Qi-xiang (specimen presented by Nan-chong Teaching College) Tadpoles of different stages including metamorphosizbd individuals collectedfrom different localities: 1) from Jin-fo-shan, Xian-mi-dong of Nanchuan-Xian, Si-chuan, altitude 1158m; from May to June, 1956; 2) from Long-dong of Bijie-Xian,Guizhou, altitude 1250m; May 1959 (Liu et Hu 1960 described as Scutiger tadpoles,one from Xian-mi-dong and one from Bijie); 3) from Han-chi of Lichuan-Xian,Hubei, altitude 1790-1830m; from June to July, 1974 Diagnosis: It is a distinct new Oreolalax in having: 1) two oblong elevated pal-mar tubercles arranged in "?" form; 2) about ten yellowish white small roundwarts on the side of the body; 3) a large orange-red round wart on each axilla, and asimilar one on posterior aspect of each thigh; 3) total length of the fully developedtadpoles about 110 mm, labial teeth formula Ⅰ:1-1, Ⅰ:8-8/Ⅰ:9-9 or Ⅰ:1-1, Ⅰ:7-7/Ⅰ:8-8 Scutiger tuberculatus Liu et Fei, sp nov (plate Ⅰ, fig 3; plate Ⅱ, fig 11,12) Holotype: No 65Ⅱ0448, adult male; type locality: Pu-xiong of Yuexi-Xian, Si-chuan, altitude 3000m; May 31, 1965; collected by Jiang Yao-

An approach to approximation of curves for shipbuilding applications

Abstract: Numerically controlled flame cutting machines used in shipyards are generally equipped only with line‐segment and circle‐arc moving capabilities. This paper attacks the problem of how to approximate a given curve of arbitrary shape by a sequence of line‐segments and circle‐arcs. The given curve is represented by the cubic spline interpolation curve formed by a set of net points on the curve. An efficient method based on the nature of cubic spline is then provided to approximate the interpolation curve by a sequence of linesegments and circle‐arcs. This method has been practically employed by the China Shipbuilding Co. in production line. In order to save storage and expedite the approximation, an effective method is also provided for selecting a near minimal set of net points whose cubic spline interpolation curve can adequately represent the actual given curve. Although the techniques are developed for shipbuilding purpose, they can find applications in other fields.

A new species of freshwater razor clam,novaculina chinensis, from jiangsu province, china

Abstract: In the present paper,a new species of freshwater razor clam, Novaculina chinen-sis, is described. The materials studied weie collected by the authors and Mrs. GongHui-qing from Wu-xi,Jiangsu Province in 1973 and 1974. Novaculino chinensis, sp. nov. Shell oblong, small. equivalve, inequilateral, anterior end rounded, posterior endtruncated. Shell about three times as long as high. Snrface wrinkled with growthlines, epidermis yellowish-green, folding over in the edge and extremities of the shell. Interior of shell non-nacreous, whitish. Anterior .adductor muscle scar narrow,elongate-triangular, posterior adductor muscle scar wide, broadly triangular. Pallialimpression defined. Pallial sinus broad and deep, anterior end obtusely rounded, ex-tending anteriorly to 2/5 of the length of shell, its lower line united with pallialimpression in most of ito posterior part. Holotype (KS 747703) Length 35 mm, height 12 mm, diameter 15 mm; Wu-xi,Jiangsu Province; July, 1974. Paratypes Length 34--46 mm) height 11--16 mm, diameter 8--10 mm; Wu-xi,Jiangsu Province; July, 1974. Holotype and Paratypes are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, AcademiaSinica. The present species is related to Novacolina gangetica Benson 1830, but differsfrom the latter by the larger shell, the more rounded pallial sinus and the lower pal-lial sinus line being united with pallital line in most of its posterior part.

On new genus and species of freshwater snails harbouring cercariae of lung flukes from china

Abstract: The present paper deals with two new minute freshwater snails which are foundas the first intermediate hosts of the lung fluke Paragonimus skrjabini Chen. Thenew snails belong to two genera, one of which is new to science, of the family Hydro-biidae. The diagnosis of the new genus and the two new species are given below: Pseudobythinella, gen. nov. Diagnosis: Shell minute, cylindrical, thin, transparent. Aperture ovate, with aprominent tooth in the middle of its inner lip. Operculum thin, corneous, transparent.Central tooth of radula with 5 terminal cusps of same size and 2 basal cusps on thesame level. This new/genus is similar to Bythinella, but the latter genus is characterized by theabsence of inner lip tooth, and by the central tooth of radula with more than 5 termin-al cusps of unequal size and with the 2 basal cusps not on tbe same level. Type species: Pseudobythinella jianouensis Liu et Zhang, sp. nov. Pseudobythinella jianouensis, sp. nov. Diagnosis: Shell cylindrical, minute, thin, transparent, with yellowish periostra-cum. Apex obtuse, whorls 3(1/2), inflated, increase rapidly in height, but slowly inbreadth; body whorl large, occupying about 1/3 of the length of the shell. Suturedistinct. Shell surface smooth, with weak growth lines. Aperture round ovate,slightly expanded outward; peristome continuous, simple, with a black margin. Inner lip with a prominent tooth. Operculum elliptical, thin, corneous, transparent, paucis-piral. Umbilicus slit-like. Radula formula: 5/(2-2); 9; 26--30; 30. Holotype (FJ767701): Length 1.8 mm, breadth 0.8 mm; lenghth of aperture0.9 mm, breadth of aperture 0.8 mm. Jian'ou Fujian; June, 1976. Paratypes: Length 1.6--1.8 mm, breadth 0.8--0.9 mm; length of aperture 0.6-0. 9mm, breadth of aperture 0.6--0.8 mm. Jian'ou, Fujian; June, 1976.Holotype and paratypes are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica.Distribution: Know from the type locality only.Parasite: Paragonimus skrjabini Chen (lung fluke). Bythinella chinensis, sp. nov. Diagnosis: Shell minute, cylindrical, thin and transparent. Whorls 4-4(1/2), convex,scalariform; body whorl rather large, occupying about 2/3 of the shell length. Shellsurface smooth, with very weak growth lines. Apex obtuse, suture well defined.Aperture round ovate, inner lip without tooth. Operculum ovate, thin, transparent.Umbillcus narrow. Radula formula: 9/(2-2); 26--30; 20--22. Holotype: (HN767702): Length 1.6 mm, breadth 0.7 mm; length of aperture 0.6 mm,breadth of aperture 0.5mm. Lengshuijiang, Xinhua, Hunan; July, 1976. Paratypes: Length 1.6--1.8 mm, breadth 0.6--0.7 mm, length of aperture 0.6-0.9 mm, breadth of aperture 0.5--0.7 mm. Lengshuijiang, Xinhua, Hunan; July, 1976. Holotype and paratypes are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, AcademiaSinica. Distribution: Known from the type locality only. Parasite: Paragonimus skrjabini Chen. The new species is closely related to B. nipponica. Their differences are givenbelow:

Descriptions of six new species of telenomus (hymenoptera: scelionidae)

Abstract: The present paper deals with 12 species of Telenomus. Among them, 6 species:Telenomus sesamiae, T. (Aholcus)parnarae,T. ostriniae, T. chilocolus, T. guangdon-gensis. T. scirophagae are described as new to science. All type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica. 1. Telenomus sesamiae Wu et Chen, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.60--0.65mm. ? 0.60 mm. Similar to T. guangdongensis Chen etLiao, but thorax and abdomen more flattened; the position of occipital foramen hi-gher. Genitalia of ? as in fig. 1. 2. Telenomus(Aholcus) parnarae Wu et Chen, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.75--0.85 mm. ? 0.75--0.80 mm. Similar to T. (Aholcus) monodac-tylus Liu, but the color of antennae and legs paler; mesonotum of both sexes not soconvex as that of the latter; 2nd antennal joint of ? much shorter than 3rd. Geni-talia of ? as in fig. 2. 3. Telenomus scirophagae Wu et, Chen, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.5--0.55 mm. ? 0.45 mm. Similar to Telenomus rowani Gahan, butabdomen more flattened. Genitalia of ? as in fig. 3. 4. Telenomus chilocolus Wu et Chen, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.58--0.65 mm. ? 0.60 mm. Similar to T. diynus Gahan, but the hindmargin of 2nd abdomial tergite being broadest; the color of legs paler. Genitaliaof ? as in fig. 7. 5. Telenomus ostriniae Chen et Wu, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.65--0.75 mm. ? 0.40 mm. Similar to T. chilocolus,but antennae andbody more slender; color of legu paler; structure of antennae different. Genitaliaof ? as in fig. 8. 6. Telenomus guangdongensis Chen et Liao, sp. nov. Length: ? 0.45 mm. ? 0.40 mm. Similar to T. cirphivorus Liu, but thorax andabdomen more flattened, funicle and clava slightly shorter and more clavate; thecolor of ? individuals virtually universally; black especially genitalia of ? as in fig. 9. Note: The figures of the male genitalia of Telenomus monolactylus Liu andTelenomus cirphivorus Lin were inversely numbered or misprinted each in their ori-ginal descriptions (Liu, 1956, Acta Soc. Czech., 56(2): 157) and should be correctedherewith.

Studies on the home range of brandt's voles

Abstract: The paper relates research work on the size and location of home range of Brandt's vole (Microtus brandti Badde).1.Field technique employed included live-trapping,marking and releasing methods.Trapping began in May,1975.The field work ended in August.The area studied was 2,128m.In all,113 Brandt's voles were marked.They were captured 1,062 times,of which 38 (11 males,6 females,21 young) were captured 10 or more times.2.There exist differences of sexes,ages,and seasons with respect to the frequency of using the openings of the dens of Brandt's voles.3.Using the frequency with which the voles are captured at the openings of their dens,we have been able to determine the size and location of their home range.4.There are differences in the size and location of the home ranges of Brandt's voles.5.A central area occurs in the home range of Brandt's voles.