Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

About: Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic is a government organization based out in Prague, Czechia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 27866 authors who have published 71021 publications receiving 1821686 citations.

Benchmark Precision and Random Initial State

Abstract: The applications of software benchmarks place an obvious demand on the precision of the benchmark results. An intu­ itive and frequently employed approach to obtaining precise enough benchmark results is having the benchmark collect a large number of samples that are simply averaged or other­ wise statistically processed. We show that this approach ignores an inherent and unavoidable nondeterminism in the initial state of the system that is evaluated, often leading to an implausible estimate of result precision. We proceed by out­ lining the sources of nondeterminism in a typical system, illustrating the impact of the nondeterminism on selected classes of benchmarks. Finally, we suggest a method for quantitatively assessing the influence of nondeterminism on a benchmark, as well as approach that provides a plausible esti­ mate of result precision in face of the nondeterminism.

Vibrational coherence transfer in the ultrafast intersystem crossing of a diplatinum complex in solution

Abstract: We investigate the ultrafast transient absorption response of tetrakis(μ-pyrophosphito)diplatinate(II), [Pt 2 (μ-P 2 O 5 H 2 ) 4 ] 4− [hereafter abbreviated Pt(pop)], in acetonitrile upon excitation of its lowest singlet 1 A 2u state. Compared with previously reported solvents [van der Veen RM, Cannizzo A, van Mourik F, Vlcek A, Jr, Chergui M (2011) J Am Chem Soc 133:305–315], a significant shortening of the intersystem crossing (ISC) time (

Characterization of a new family of tobacco highly repetitive DNA, GRS, specific for the Nicotiana tomentosiformis genomic component.

Abstract: Members of a new family of highly repetitive DNA sequences called GRS were isolated fromNicotiana tabacum L. genomic DNA and characterized. Cloned, sequenced monomeric units (180–182 bp) of GRS exhibit properties characteristic of molecules that possess a stable curvature. The GRS family represents about 0.15% of total genomic DNA (104 copies per haploid genome) and could be derived from eitherNicotiana tomentosiformis orNicotiana otophora, two possible ancestors of the T genome of the amphidiploidN. tabacum. Sequence homology between the HRS60 (Koukalovaet al. 1989) and the GRS family has been estimated to be 57%.In situ hybridization was used to localize GRS on mitotic chromosomes. Hybridization signals were obtained on five pairs of chromosomes at intercalary sites of the longer chromosome arms. The majority of GRS sequences appeared to be organized in tandem arrays and a minority were found to be dispersed through the genome in short clusters, interspersed with other types of DNA repeats, including 25S rDNA sequences. Several loci containing both GRS and HRS60 were also found. Such hybrid loci may indicate intergenomic transfer of the DNA in the amphidiploidN. tabacum. GRS sequences, like HRS60 (Fajkuset al. 1992), were found to specify the location of nucleosomes. The position of the nucleosome core has been mapped with respect to a conservedMbol site in the GRS sequence and an oligo A/T tract is a major centre of the DNA curvature.

Helicene-SPP-Based Chiral Plasmonic Hybrid Structure: Toward Direct Enantiomers SERS Discrimination.

Abstract: Achieving chiral plasmon response based on the combination of achiral plasmonic nanostructures with highly chiral surrounding medium represents an attractive way for creation of hybrid optically active plasmonic materials. In this work, we present an attractive design and fabrication of chiral plasmon substrates based on a surface plasmon-polariton-supported structure coupled with extremely optically active helicene enantiomers. Such approach allows us to excite chiral plasmon waves and to design optically active surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates. Its further combination with standard Raman spectroscopy makes possible enantioselective detection/recognition of optical enantiomers with detection limits below those of standard spectral techniques. The chiral optical response of new plasmonic system was observed and controlled by the optical rotation of helicenes. Without necessity of previous chiral separation or implementation of sophisticated experimental equipment, we were able to estimate th...