Adama University

About: Adama University is a education organization based out in Nazrēt, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 840 authors who have published 1010 publications receiving 5547 citations. The organization is also known as: Adama Science and Technology University & ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ, አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ.

Evaluation of logistic regression on mode of the delivery of expectant mothers

Abstract: The aim of the study is to obtain a Logistic Regression that can be used to classify the mode of delivery of pregnant women using some variables. Data from Health Records of 184 Pregnant women who delivered at the General Hospital, Wuse were used. The data consist of Mother’s Weight, Height, Age and Baby’s Weight, Baby’s Gender and mode of delivery (Natural birth and Caesarian Section). In literature the author discovered that the discriminant analysis cannot handle mixed data (discrete and continuous data) effectively instead logistic regression better fit the data. The model correctly classified 65.8% original grouped cases with positive and negative predictive values 65.75% and 68.70% respectively, which are higher than values obtained under the discriminant analysis.

Attitudes and perceptions of the local community towards yayo coffee forest biosphere reserve, ilu abba bora zone of oromia national regional state

Abstract: Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve is part of the Afromontane rainforest in south-western Ethiopia, and it is the center of origin for the most popular wild populations of Arabica coffee (Coffee arabica). The forest was designated as UNESCO biosphere reserve to conserve coffee genetic resources and overall biodiversity of the forest. The coffee forest is, however, threatened by different factors. The major objective of the study was to collect data on attitudes and perceptions of the community towards the biosphere reserve in general and threats to it in particular. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews held with 212 (N = 1479) household heads selected randomly from 3 of the 5 gandas (ganda, in the local Afan Oromo language, is the lowest level of administrative body below district) which are considered by UNESCO as the most important transition zone in the biosphere reserve. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively using descriptive statistics. About 51 % of the respondents supported the establishment of the Biosphere Reserve. The respondents recognized the forest values like as home of wild coffee (100 %), source of fuel wood 99.6 %) and construction materials (95.7 %) and because of these values, 57.7 % of them agreed that the community has the responsibility toprotect the forest from threats. All the respondents were aware of the presence of large-scale development projects like Yayo coal mining industry and Yayo fertilizer factory which were legally established around the forest, Gaba Hydropower Dam, road construction and electric transmission line established legally inside the forest, and coffee plantation carried out illegally inside and around the forest (27 %) which have adverse effects on the biodiversity of the area if not properly managed. Ninety-one percent of the respondents mentioned that there were conflicts between the management bodies of the biosphere reserve and the local community over timber logging (100 %), charcoal production (45.1 %), expansion of coffee plantation, and gain of no benefits/incentives form the government (92.5 %). Understanding the main source of conflict is critical to the resolution of conflict. Understanding the perceptions of the local people as they relate to forest value and attitudes towards the reserve is a key to gaining a better understanding the central issue of the conflict between community development and nature reserve management.

Graphene-based materials for environmental applications: a review

Abstract: The recent discovery and synthesis of graphene materials have led to many applications in various fields such as medicine, energy and environment. Here, we review the synthesis, functionalization, properties and applications of graphene materials with focus on environmental applications such as detection and adsorption of pollutants, and photocatalysis. For instance, hybrid systems can detect pollutants at levels of 0.1 nM Pb2+, 5 nM Hg2+ and 0.3 μmol Cu2+ per L with a faster response time. Graphene-based materials have adsorption capacities ranging from 21 to 117.5 mg/g for metal ions, and from 1 to 827 mg/g for organic pollutants. Graphene oxide-based photocatalytic devices allow more than 95% of dye degradation.

A New Hybrid Conjugate Gradient Method Based on Secant Equation for Solving Large Scale Unconstrained Optimization Problems

Abstract: There exist large varieties of conjugate gradient algorithms. In order to take advantage of the attractive features of Liu and Storey (LS) and Conjugate Descent (CD) conjugate gradient methods, we suggest hybridization of these methods in which the parameter is computed as a convex combination of and respectively which the conjugate gradient (update) parameter was obtained from Secant equation. The algorithm generates descent direction and when the iterate jam, the direction satisfy sufficient descent condition. We report numerical results demonstrating the efficiency of our method. The hybrid computational scheme outperform or comparable with known conjugate gradient algorithms. We also show that our method converge globally using strong Wolfe condition.